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Environmental Performance Index (EPI) 2026

Recently, experts described India’s performance in the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) 2026 as a wake-up call that requires greater attention towards environmental protection and sustainable development. About Environmental Performance Index The Environmental Performance Index (EPI) is a biennial index that evaluates and ranks countries according to their environmental perfor

03 Sep,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Pygmy Hog

Why in News? The Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife (SC-NBWL) has recommended including the Pygmy Hog in the list of critically endangered species under the Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitats (IDWH) recovery programme. About Pygmy Hog The Pygmy Hog is the smallest and rarest species of wild pig. It is unusual among mammals because it builds its own nest wit

02 Sep,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Dhauladhar Wildlife Sanctuary

Why in News? A Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) has been photographed for the first time in the Dhauladhar Wildlife Sanctuary in Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh. Location and Establishment The Dhauladhar Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh and was established in 1994. The sanctuary covers an altitude range of approximately 1,600–4,500 metres above

02 Sep,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Sovereign Green Bonds and Greenium

India’s sovereign green bond market is gaining momentum as strong investor demand has pushed these bonds to trade at a persistent greenium compared with conventional government securities. The average greenium in the first half of FY2026–27 reached its highest level since India began issuing sovereign green bonds in FY2022–23, indicating growing investor acceptance of green f

01 Sep,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Vikram-1 Rocket

Vikram-1 is set to undertake its maiden launch, marking an important milestone for India’s private space sector. It is developed by Skyroot Aerospace and is India’s first privately developed orbital-class rocket. Key Features Vikram-1 is a seven-storey-tall, four-stage orbital launch vehicle designed primarily for the small-satellite market. Its first three stages use solid f

01 Sep,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) and India’s Digital Transformation

India’s electronics production increased nearly seven-fold, from ₹1.9 lakh crore (2014–15) to ₹13.11 lakh crore (2025–26), while electronics exports rose nearly eleven-fold to ₹4.24 lakh crore. Electronic goods are now India’s third-largest export category, supported by PLI, ECMS, India Semiconductor Mission and EMC 2.0. Under Semicon 1.0, 12 semiconductor units w

31 Aug,2026 GS-3 E-Technology in the Aid of Farmers, Technology Missions

Bagdara Wildlife Sanctuary

The Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife (SC-NBWL) has asked the Madhya Pradesh Government to explore alternative areas for compensatory notification while considering the proposed denotification of Bagdara Wildlife Sanctuary. Location and Establishment Bagdara Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Sidhi and Singrauli districts of Madhya Pradesh. It covers approximately 4

31 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Deepak Dhar and the 2026 Dirac Medal

Renowned Indian theoretical physicist Professor Deepak Dhar has been named a co-recipient of the 2026 Dirac Medal, awarded by the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) in Trieste, Italy. He has been recognised for his pioneering contributions to statistical physics, particularly his work on the Abelian Sandpile Model. Dhar shares the award with Bernard Derrida, Mar

29 Aug,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Startup India

Startup India is a flagship Government of India initiative aimed at creating a startup-friendly ecosystem, encouraging innovation and entrepreneurship, generating employment and promoting sustainable economic growth. It is implemented and coordinated by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. Definition of a Startup &m

29 Aug,2026 GS-3 Investment Models

EVEREST Rocket Engine

Bengaluru-based Astrobase Space Technologies has unveiled EVEREST, an 800 kN Full-Flow Staged Combustion (FFSC) LOX–Methane rocket engine. It represents an important development in India’s private space sector, particularly in the field of advanced propulsion and reusable launch vehicles. Key Features of EVEREST The EVEREST engine is designed to produce 800 kN of thrust and h

27 Aug,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Asiatic Lion Conservation in India

World Lion Day is observed annually on 10 August. It was established in 2013 by conservationists Dereck and Beverly Joubert to raise awareness about lion conservation and declining wild lion populations. On World Lion Day 2026, India highlighted the remarkable recovery of the Asiatic lion population, which increased from 523 in 2015 to 891 in 2025. This recovery has been supported by scient

27 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Indian Peafowl & “Peacock Diplomacy”

India donated five Indian male peafowls to the United Nations Office at Geneva (UNOG), highlighting India’s biodiversity heritage, cultural identity and commitment to multilateralism. The group consists of four blue peafowls and one white-feathered male, symbolically representing the blue and white colours of the UN. This was the second such diplomatic gift from India. In 1981, Prime

26 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Sustainable Agriculture

Sustainable Agriculture refers to farming systems that meet present food and fibre needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. It seeks to balance agricultural productivity, environmental conservation and farmer livelihoods. The concept gained global recognition through the Brundtland Report (1987). Sustainable Agriculture in India In India, sustaina

25 Aug,2026 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

Animal Husbandry in India

Animal husbandry is an important pillar of India’s agricultural economy, involving the breeding, feeding, healthcare and scientific management of livestock. It provides milk, meat, eggs, wool, hides, manure and draft power, thereby supporting rural livelihoods, food security and agricultural income. The sector contributes nearly 5.5% of India’s total GVA and more than 30% of the GV

25 Aug,2026 GS-3 Economics of Animal-Rearing

Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs)

Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) are district-level Farm Science Centres established in 1974 under ICAR to bridge the gap between agricultural research and farmers. They test and demonstrate region-specific technologies and provide training, advisory services and practical demonstrations in crop production, horticulture, livestock, fisheries and agroforestry. Key Features KVKs use On-Farm Te

25 Aug,2026 GS-3 Transport & Marketing of Agricultural Produce & Issues & Related Constraints

Shifting Cultivation

Shifting cultivation, also known as slash-and-burn or swidden farming, is an indigenous agricultural system in which farmers clear and burn small forest patches, cultivate them for a few years, and then leave the land fallow for natural regeneration. The nutrient-rich ash temporarily improves soil fertility, after which cultivation shifts to another plot. Process The practice begins with

24 Aug,2026 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

Amendment to Drugs Rules, 1945

Background The Central Government has amended the Drugs Rules, 1945 to bring Cell/Stem Cell-derived Products, Gene Therapeutic Products and Xenografts under the Centrally Licence Approving Authority (CLAA) framework. The amendment seeks to ensure uniform regulation, patient safety and responsible innovation in advanced healthcare. Drugs Rules, 1945 The Drugs Rules, 1945 were framed un

24 Aug,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Glueball and X(2370)

Strong Force and QCD The strong force is one of nature’s four fundamental forces and is responsible for binding quarks inside protons and neutrons. It is described by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), in which the strong interaction is mediated by gluons. Role of Gluons Unlike photons, gluons carry colour charge, allowing them to interact with one another. This unique property of QC

24 Aug,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Mouling National Park

Mouling National Park is located in Arunachal Pradesh, covering parts of Upper Siang, East Siang and West Siang districts. Established in 1986, it covers about 483 sq. km and forms part of the Dihang-Dibang Biosphere Reserve. Located in the Eastern Himalayas, the park has steep mountains, deep valleys, dense forests and numerous rivers and streams. Its altitude ranges from about 750 m to ov

22 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Vansda National Park

Vansda National Park is located in Navsari district of southern Gujarat, near the Gujarat–Maharashtra border. Covering 23.99 sq. km, it is one of Gujarat’s smallest national parks and represents the northernmost extension of the Western Ghats ecosystem. Historical Background The forests were historically protected by the princely State of Vansda, where commercial tree felling

22 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Light-Activated Nanobots for Breast Cancer Therapy

About the Technology Scientists at the Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali have developed light-activated multifunctional nanobots aimed at providing more precise and targeted breast cancer treatment. Working Mechanism The nanobots are based on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and respond to near-infrared (NIR) light. Their phototaxis property enables directional

21 Aug,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Mathikettan Shola National Park

Location and Key Facts Mathikettan Shola National Park is located near Poopara village in Udumbanchola Taluk of Idukki district, Kerala. It was declared a National Park in 2003 and covers only 12.82 sq. km, making it one of Kerala’s smallest national parks. It forms part of the Cardamom Hill Reserve in the Western Ghats and lies between Eravikulam National Park and Pampadum Shola Nati

21 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Ease of Living in India: 2014–2026

Housing and Urban Transformation Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) has significantly expanded affordable housing in both rural and urban India. Under PMAY-Urban, more than 1.25 crore houses have been sanctioned and over 98 lakh completed, while PMAY-Gramin has sanctioned 3.91 crore rural houses, with 3.05 crore completed. Women own or co-own a large share of these houses, strengthening hous

20 Aug,2026 GS-3 Economic Index

Marburg Virus Disease (MVD)

Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) is a severe and often fatal zoonotic disease caused by the Marburg virus, a member of the Filoviridae family, the same family as Ebola. Transmission The natural reservoir is the Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus). Humans may contract the virus through prolonged exposure to bat-inhabited caves or mines. Human-to-human transmission occurs through direct

19 Aug,2026 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

INS Trikand

Why in News? Indian Navy warship INS Trikand recently thwarted a piracy attempt in the Gulf of Aden when pirates fled after the warship approached a bulk carrier. About INS Trikand INS Trikand is a frontline guided-missile frigate of the Indian Navy and the third and final ship of the second batch of Talwar-class frigates ordered by India. It was built by the Yantar Shipyard in Kalini

19 Aug,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Antineutrinos from Spent Nuclear Fuel

Researchers from the Double Chooz Collaboration in France have achieved the first high-precision measurement of the energy signature of antineutrinos emitted by spent nuclear fuel. This could enable remote monitoring and verification of nuclear facilities. What are Neutrinos? Neutrinos are extremely light, electrically neutral subatomic particles that interact very weakly with matter. Be

19 Aug,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Telecom Manufacturing Zone (TMZ), Gwalior

Why in News? The Telecom Manufacturing Zone (TMZ) in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh has secured fresh investment commitments of ₹2,000 crore, taking the total committed investment to ₹5,500 crore. About TMZ The Telecom Manufacturing Zone is India’s first dedicated telecom manufacturing cluster, aimed at creating a globally competitive, end-to-end telecom manufacturing ecosystem.

19 Aug,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Glaw Lake – India’s 101st Ramsar Site

Why in News? Glaw Lake in Arunachal Pradesh has been designated as India’s 101st Ramsar Site and the first wetland of international importance in Arunachal Pradesh. With this designation, India’s Ramsar network has increased from 26 sites in 2014 to 101 sites in 2026. Location and Physical Features Glaw Lake is a pristine freshwater lake located within the Kamlang Tiger Re

18 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Caspian Cobra (Naja oxiana)

Why in News? A rare Caspian Cobra was recently spotted in the Upper Forest Range of Chamba district, Himachal Pradesh, highlighting the presence of this uncommon venomous snake in the region. About Caspian Cobra The Caspian Cobra, also known as the Central Asian Cobra, Ladle Snake, Oxus Cobra or Russian Cobra, is a venomous snake belonging to the family Elapidae. Its scientific name i

18 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Public Sector Banks (PSBs) in India

About Public Sector Banks Public Sector Banks (PSBs) are government-owned commercial banks in which the Government of India holds more than 51% ownership. They operate under the regulatory supervision of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and play a crucial role in financial inclusion, credit delivery, savings mobilisation and implementation of government welfare schemes. Major Functions of PS

18 Aug,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic, spiral-shaped bacteria called spirochaetes, belonging to the genus Leptospira. Kerala experiences a particularly high disease and mortality burden, especially during the monsoon and post-monsoon periods. Reservoirs Several wild and domesticated mammals can act as reservoirs of Leptospira. Important reservoirs include rodents, catt

17 Aug,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Sustainable Development Report (SDR) 2026

The Sustainable Development Report (SDR) 2026 is the 11th edition of the annual global assessment of progress towards the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is published by the United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) and assesses 167 countries using internationally comparable indicators covering all 17 SDGs. T

17 Aug,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Kudremukh National Park

Kudremukh National Park is one of India’s most ecologically significant protected areas, located in the Central Western Ghats of Karnataka. It is known for its rich biodiversity, shola-grassland ecosystem, watershed functions and ecological importance. Location and Geographical Features Kudremukh National Park is situated at the tri-junction of Chikkamagaluru, Dakshina Kannada and Udup

17 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Samudra Manthan: National Offshore Exploration Scheme

Introduction Samudra Manthan, the National Offshore Exploration Scheme, has been approved by the Union Cabinet to unlock India’s offshore oil and gas potential. It translates the Prime Minister’s Independence Day 2025 vision into a structured programme for expanding exploration in deepwater, ultra-deepwater and frontier offshore areas. About the Scheme Samudra Manthan is a

14 Aug,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

India’s Transition Towards Electric Mobility

Introduction Electric mobility has emerged as a major global industrial transformation, driven by the shift from Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles towards cleaner and more sustainable transportation. According to the IEA Global EV Outlook 2025, EVs account for more than 50% of new car sales in China, over 20% in Europe, and around 10% in the United States. India is also gradually tr

14 Aug,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Sariska Tiger Reserve

Latest News The Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change recently congratulated the people of India and nature lovers on the completion of 18 years of tiger reintroduction in Sariska Tiger Reserve. About Sariska Tiger Reserve Sariska Tiger Reserve is located in Alwar district of Rajasthan and forms part of the Aravalli Range. It falls within the Kathiawar-Gir dry deci

13 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

K9 Vajra-T

Latest News Following the successful collaboration on the K9 Vajra-T self-propelled howitzer, India and South Korea are set to deepen their defence cooperation. About K9 Vajra-T The K9 Vajra-T is a 155 mm, 52-calibre tracked self-propelled howitzer developed for the Indian Army. It is an Indian adaptation of South Korea’s K9 Thunder and is manufactured in India by Larsen & T

13 Aug,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Aldabra Giant Tortoise

Latest News During his visit to Seychelles, the Prime Minister met and fed Jonathan, an Aldabra giant tortoise estimated to be around 194 years old. Guinness World Records recognises Jonathan as the world’s oldest living land animal. About Aldabra Giant Tortoise The Aldabra giant tortoise is the second-largest species of land tortoise in the world after the Galápago

13 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Hargila Bird (Greater Adjutant Stork)

Latest News The Hargila Bird, locally known as Hargila, has recently gained attention for the conservation efforts of thousands of rural women in Assam, popularly known as the “Hargila Army”. Their community-led efforts focus on protecting nesting sites and increasing awareness about this threatened bird. About Hargila Bird The Hargila, or Greater Adjutant Stork (Leptoptil

11 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

PM-KISAN

Latest News The Union Cabinet has approved the continuation of the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme for another five years, from 2026–27 to 2030–31, reaffirming the Government’s focus on strengthening farmers’ income security and rural livelihoods. About PM-KISAN PM-KISAN is a Central Sector Scheme launched in 2019 to provide direct income su

10 Aug,2026 GS-3 Issues Related to Direct & Indirect Farm Subsidies & Minimum Support Prices

Arabithittu Wildlife Sanctuary

Latest News A four-year-old leopard was recently killed after being hit by an unidentified vehicle near the Arabithittu Wildlife Sanctuary in Karnataka, highlighting the issue of wildlife mortality due to road traffic around protected areas. About Arabithittu Wildlife Sanctuary Arabithittu Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Mysuru district of Karnataka. It was originally a game reserve

10 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Amrabad Tiger Reserve (ATR)

Latest News The All-India Tiger Estimation (AITE) 2026 has recorded a strong presence of tigers in the Amrabad Tiger Reserve, highlighting the ecological significance of this protected landscape in Telangana. Location and Background The Amrabad Tiger Reserve is located in the Nallamala Hills of the Eastern Ghats in Telangana. Before the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh in 2014, the area

10 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

AI as India’s Next Foundational Public Utility

Background India has developed a robust Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) by integrating Aadhaar for digital identity, UPI for digital payments and DEPA/Account Aggregator for consent-based data sharing into an interoperable ecosystem. This digital foundation has enabled large-scale inclusion and significantly reduced the cost of internet access. The next stage of this transformation i

10 Aug,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Lonar Lake

Introduction Lonar Lake, also known as the Lonar Crater, is located in the Buldhana district of Maharashtra. It is one of the world's most unique geological formations and is internationally recognised as the only known meteorite impact crater lake formed in basaltic rock. Formation The lake lies within the Deccan Plateau, a vast region of volcanic basalt rock formed by massive vo

08 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Euclid Space Telescope

Latest News The Euclid Space Telescope has recently captured one of the most detailed views of the crowded central region of the Milky Way, revealing more than 60 million stars in a single image. The observation demonstrates Euclid’s ability to survey extremely dense regions of our galaxy while pursuing its broader mission to understand the large-scale structure of the Universe. Ab

08 Aug,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

FP-5 Flamingo Missile

Latest News Ukraine has recently claimed that its domestically developed FP-5 Flamingo long-range cruise missile struck a key Russian defence manufacturing facility in the Volgograd region. About FP-5 Flamingo The FP-5 Flamingo is a long-range, ground-launched cruise missile developed by the Ukrainian defence company Fire Point. It reportedly entered service in 2025 and is designed pr

08 Aug,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Environmental Performance Index (EPI) 2026

Latest News India ranked 176th out of 177 countries in the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) 2026, with a score of 22.46, making it the second-lowest ranked country globally (above Laos) and 7th among the 8 South Asian countries. Estonia secured the 1st rank with a score of 74.79. About the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) The Environmental Performance Index (EPI) is a bienni

07 Aug,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Rewa Sundarja Mango

Latest News The Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) has facilitated the first commercial export of Rewa Sundarja Mangoes from Madhya Pradesh to the United Arab Emirates (UAE), marking an important milestone in promoting India's premium mango varieties in international markets. About Rewa Sundarja Mango The Rewa Sundarja Mango is a pr

07 Aug,2026 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

Golden Langur (Trachypithecus geei)

Latest News Recently, seven endangered Golden Langurs (Trachypithecus geei), rescued from wildlife traffickers, were released into Sikhna Jwhwlao National Park in Assam, strengthening conservation efforts for this rare primate. About The Golden Langur (Trachypithecus geei), also known as Gee's Golden Langur, is an Old World monkey endemic to the Indo-Bhutan region. It is renowned

06 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

HELINA Missile (Helicopter-Launched NAG)

Latest News Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) has recently secured a contract worth ₹1,109.37 crore from Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for the supply of launchers for the HELINA (Helicopter-Launched NAG) anti-tank guided missile system, strengthening India's indigenous defence capabilities. About HELINA Missile HELINA (Helicopter-Launched NAG) is an indigenously develope

06 Aug,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Chital

Latest News A Chital was recently allegedly hunted inside the core area of the Udanti–Sitanadi Tiger Reserve in Chhattisgarh. Forest officials arrested two villagers and seized suspected animal meat, bows, arrows, and animal traps, highlighting concerns over poaching in protected areas. About Chital Overview The Chital, popularly known as the Spotted Deer or Axis Deer, is a m

05 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Index of Services Production (ISP)

Latest News The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) is set to launch the Index of Services Production (ISP) in July 2026. The new index will provide a high-frequency indicator to measure the performance of India's services sector, similar to the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) for the manufacturing and industrial sectors. About the Index of Services Produ

05 Aug,2026 GS-3 Economic Index

Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve

Latest News Recently, a captive-bred Indian vulture released in Melghat Tiger Reserve (Maharashtra) travelled an extraordinary 3,334 km across several states before reaching the Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve in Rajasthan, demonstrating the remarkable dispersal ability of the species and highlighting the importance of interconnected wildlife habitats. About Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve Intr

04 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Burevestnik Missile (SSC-X-9 Skyfall)

Latest News Russia's Burevestnik cruise missile, designated SSC-X-9 Skyfall by NATO, has once again come into focus after recent research suggested that its nuclear-powered propulsion system may leave a trail of radioactive material during flight, raising concerns over environmental safety and strategic stability. About Burevestnik Missile Introduction The Burevestnik, which tr

03 Aug,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Blue Swimmer Crab

Latest News The ICAR–Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture (ICAR-CIBA), Chennai, has successfully demonstrated Blue Swimmer Crab (Portunus reticulatus) farming technology for the first time in India, marking an important step towards sustainable coastal aquaculture and diversification of mariculture. About Blue Swimmer Crab The Blue Swimmer Crab (Portunus reticulatus) i

01 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESA) / Eco-Sensitive Zone (ESZ)

Latest News The Western Ghats, one of the world's biodiversity hotspots, may soon receive stronger legal protection in at least three states through the notification of Ecologically Sensitive Areas (ESAs). About Ecologically Sensitive Areas (ESAs) Ecologically Sensitive Areas (ESAs), also known as Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs), are regions identified for special environmental protect

01 Aug,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Indian Maritime Workforce (Indian Seafarers)

Latest News Recent attacks on commercial shipping routes in the Red Sea and West Asia, which resulted in the death of Indian seafarers, have once again highlighted the vulnerability of India's maritime workforce and the urgent need for stronger institutional, legal, and diplomatic mechanisms to safeguard Indian seafarers working across the world. Indian Maritime Workforce India ha

01 Aug,2026 GS-3 Internal Security

Technological Sovereignty

Latest News Recent incidents involving compromised surveillance networks and restrictions on corporate digital services have exposed India's growing dependence on foreign-controlled technology platforms. These developments have intensified concerns over digital sovereignty, highlighting the need for greater technological self-reliance, secure digital infrastructure, and indigenous innov

01 Aug,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

India's First 3D-Printed Artificial Reef Modules

Latest News Tamil Nadu is set to deploy India's first 3D-printed artificial reef modules in the coastal waters off Ramanathapuram under the second phase of the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) to promote marine habitat restoration and enhance coastal biodiversity. About India's First 3D-Printed Artificial Reef Modules Deployment and Objective The 3D-printed arti

31 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Biochar

Latest News Recent studies have shown that Biochar can increase crop productivity by 10–30% and improve the water-holding capacity of soils by 10–25%, particularly in nutrient-deficient and semi-arid soils. About Biochar Biochar is a carbon-rich, granular material produced by heating agricultural biomass or crop residues at 400°C–600°C in a low-oxygen (pyroly

31 Jul,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Ammonia

Latest News Recently, an ammonia gas leak at a seafood processing and export unit in Tiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu, affected several people, raising concerns over industrial safety and hazardous chemical management. About Ammonia Ammonia (NH₃) is a colourless, pungent gas composed of nitrogen and hydrogen. It is highly soluble in water, forming aqueous (liquid) ammonia, which rapi

31 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Solanum pandeyi

Latest News Recently, a scientist from the Botanical Survey of India (BSI) discovered a new species of wild brinjal, named Solanum pandeyi, from the Middle Andaman Island in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago. About Solanum pandeyi Solanum pandeyi is a newly identified species of wild brinjal belonging to the genus Solanum. It was discovered in the evergreen forests of Middle And

30 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

India's Domestic Drone Manufacturing and Defence Procurement Reforms

Introduction India's proposed USD 2 billion investment in indigenously manufactured drones marks a significant milestone in defence modernisation and the promotion of Aatmanirbhar Bharat in the defence sector. Beyond strengthening indigenous manufacturing, the initiative reflects a broader transformation in military strategy, shifting from reliance on high-cost platforms such as fighter

30 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Non-Methane Hydrocarbons (NMHCs)

Latest News Researchers from the Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES) conducted a year-long (2022–2023) study measuring Non-Methane Hydrocarbons (NMHCs) at Munsyari (Uttarakhand) to understand their role in air quality, ozone formation, and climate change. About Non-Methane Hydrocarbons (NMHCs) Non-Methane Hydrocarbons (NMHCs) are a group of vola

29 Jul,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Indian Coast Guard (ICG)

Latest News The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) celebrated the 12th International Day of Yoga (IDY) 2026 through its flagship initiative "Yoga Sangam 2026". Yoga sessions were organised simultaneously across Coast Guard ships, air stations, district headquarters, and coastal establishments, highlighting the importance of physical fitness, mental resilience, and operational preparedness a

29 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Sickle Cell Anaemia (Sickle Cell Disease - SCD)

Latest News Recently, the President of India reaffirmed the country's commitment to eliminating Sickle Cell Anaemia before the national target of 2047. The announcement strengthens the Government's resolve under the National Sickle Cell Anaemia Elimination Mission, which seeks to reduce the disease burden through early screening, timely diagnosis, genetic counselling, and comprehens

29 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

New Naval Platforms

Latest News The Indian Navy is set to commission three indigenously built frontline naval platforms—INS Dunagiri, INS Sanshodhak, and INS Agray—at Kolkata, further strengthening India's maritime security and advancing the vision of Aatmanirbhar Bharat in defence manufacturing. About the New Naval Platforms The three newly inducted naval platforms have been designed to

28 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Investment Friendliness Index (IFI)

Latest News Recently, NITI Aayog Vice-Chairman Ashok Kumar Lahiri stated that India must significantly increase its investment rate to sustain high economic growth in the coming decades. In this context, NITI Aayog launched the Investment Friendliness Index (IFI) to help States improve their investment ecosystem and attract greater domestic and foreign investments. Why Higher Investment

28 Jul,2026 GS-3 Economic Index

Transmission Infrastructure

Why is it in the News? India's rapid expansion of solar and wind energy has exposed serious transmission infrastructure bottlenecks, making grid modernisation a critical priority for achieving the country's clean energy targets. Introduction India has emerged as one of the world's fastest-growing renewable energy (RE) markets, with solar and wind power becoming the cheapes

28 Jul,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Etalin Hydroelectric Project

Latest News NHPC Limited has signed a Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) with the Government of Arunachal Pradesh for the development of the 3,097 MW Etalin Hydroelectric Project, one of the largest proposed hydropower projects in India. About Etalin Hydroelectric Project Location The Etalin Hydroelectric Project is located in the Dibang Valley district of Arunachal Pradesh. It is plann

27 Jul,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI)

Latest News The National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI) celebrated its 23rd Foundation Day on 19 June, highlighting its important role in strengthening India's internet infrastructure, promoting digital connectivity, and supporting the country's Digital India vision. About National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI) The National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI) is a not-for

27 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Exercise Khaan Quest

Latest News The Indian Army is set to participate in the multinational military exercise Khaan Quest 2026, which will be held in Mongolia. The exercise aims to strengthen international military cooperation, enhance peacekeeping capabilities, and improve interoperability among participating armed forces under the framework of the United Nations (UN). About Exercise Khaan Quest Exercise

27 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Mimeusemia kali

Latest News Scientists have discovered a new species of forester moth, Mimeusemia kali, in Kali Tiger Reserve of Karnataka, located in the Western Ghats. This discovery is significant because it represents the first addition to the genus Mimeusemia in nearly 30 years, highlighting the rich biodiversity of the Western Ghats. About Mimeusemia kali Mimeusemia kali is a newly identified s

27 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Smart Seed Coating Technology

Latest News Recently, the Indian Council of Agricultural Research’s Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research (ICAR-IIOR), Hyderabad, developed an innovative Smart Seed Coating Technology to improve seed germination, crop establishment, and climate resilience, especially in rainfed agriculture. About Smart Seed Coating Technology Smart Seed Coating Technology is an innovative biopol

25 Jul,2026 GS-3 E-Technology in the Aid of Farmers, Technology Missions

Hydrogen Train

Latest News Recently, the Prime Minister of India flagged off India's first hydrogen-powered passenger train from Jind Railway Station, Haryana. With this achievement, India became the third country in the world, after Germany and China, to introduce hydrogen trains in commercial passenger service. About Hydrogen Train A hydrogen train is a clean-energy train that uses hydro

25 Jul,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs)

Latest News Recent discussions on India's Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) and evolving global trade negotiations have highlighted that Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs), rather than tariffs, have become the biggest challenge to international trade. Modern trade agreements now focus increasingly on regulatory cooperation, standards, and mutual recognition instead of merely reducing customs duties.

25 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

INS Tarkash

Latest News Indian Naval Ship (INS) Tarkash, a stealth guided missile frigate of the Indian Navy, recently arrived at Port Victoria, Seychelles, during its ongoing deployment in the South-West Indian Ocean Region (IOR). The visit aims to strengthen India–Seychelles maritime cooperation, enhance regional security, and reinforce India's commitment to ensuring a free, open, and secur

24 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Manas National Park

Recently, the Chief Minister of Assam announced that Manas National Park has recorded zero rhino and tiger poaching cases for three consecutive years, highlighting the success of conservation efforts and wildlife protection measures in the park. About Manas National Park Location Manas National Park is located in the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas in the state of A

24 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Wind Turbine Supply Chain Management Portal

Latest News Recently, the Union Minister for New and Renewable Energy launched India's first dedicated Wind Turbine Supply Chain Management Portal to strengthen the country's wind energy manufacturing ecosystem, improve supply chain efficiency, and accelerate India's transition towards clean energy. About Wind Turbine Supply Chain Management Portal The Wind Turbine S

23 Jul,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Knob-Billed Duck (African Comb Duck)

Latest News Recently, a Knob-Billed Duck, a species generally associated with the wetlands of Rajasthan and Gujarat, was recorded for the first time at Pong Lake Wildlife Sanctuary in Himachal Pradesh. The sighting highlights the ecological importance of Pong Lake as a major habitat for migratory and resident waterbirds. About Knob-Billed Duck The Knob-Billed Duck, also known as the A

23 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

GRAPES-3 Telescope

Latest News Recently, researchers from Mumbai, Kochi, and Japan used the GRAPES-3 Telescope to study how the Earth’s upper atmospheric temperature and the Sun’s magnetic field influence muons, which are highly energetic subatomic particles originating from outer space. About GRAPES-3 Telescope The Gamma Ray Astronomy PeV EnergieS Phase-3 (GRAPES-3) is one of the world'

23 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Modern Warfare

Latest News The strategic and military world is entering a new era where Artificial Intelligence (AI), autonomous systems, drones, and algorithmic warfare are changing the way wars are fought. Modern conflicts are now driven more by software, data, and intelligent machines than by traditional weapons alone. For India, developing indigenous AI technologies and self-reliant defence systems has be

23 Jul,2026 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Tourism Sector in India

Latest News India's tourism and hospitality sector is witnessing strong post-pandemic growth, driven by rising domestic travel, increasing investments, government initiatives, and policy recommendations by the Federation of Associations in Indian Tourism & Hospitality (FAITH) to position India as a global tourism powerhouse. Tourism Sector in India: Present Status Introduction

23 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Long Range Land Attack Cruise Missile (LRLACM)

Latest News Recently, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) conducted a successful flight test of the Long Range Land Attack Cruise Missile (LRLACM) from Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Island off the coast of Odisha. The successful trial marks an important milestone in India’s effort to develop an indigenous long-range precision strike capability. What is the Long Range Land

22 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Crohn's Disease

Latest News Recently, a detailed cellular study of Crohn's disease mapped changes in gene activity across more than 50 different cell types in the human gut. The findings provide deeper insights into the disease mechanism and may contribute to the development of more targeted and personalised therapies in the future. About Crohn's Disease Introduction Crohn's dise

22 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Atal Innovation Mission (AIM)

Latest News Recently, the Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) under NITI Aayog, in collaboration with La Fondation Dassault Systèmes, launched the India–France ATL Bridge to strengthen innovation-led cooperation between India and France. The initiative seeks to promote collaboration between students, innovators, startups, and educational institutions of both countries. About Atal

21 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Venus Flytrap

Latest News Recently, scientists uncovered the physical mechanism responsible for the rapid snapping action of the Venus Flytrap, explaining how the plant closes its trap within a fraction of a second to capture prey. About Venus Flytrap The Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) is a small perennial carnivorous plant belonging to the sundew family (Droseraceae). It is one of the world'

21 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Drop Shipping

Latest News Recently, drop shipping gained attention as one of the major business models contributing to the success of Amazon, the world's largest e-commerce retailer. The model has become increasingly popular among online entrepreneurs because of its low investment requirements and inventory-free operations. About Drop Shipping Drop Shipping is a retail fulfillment business mode

21 Jul,2026 GS-3 Investment Models

Nine Years of Transforming India’s Indirect Tax System

Latest News The Goods and Services Tax (GST) has completed nine years since its implementation on 1 July 2017, marking a significant milestone in India's indirect tax reforms. The introduction of the Next-Generation GST (GST 2.0) Reforms has further simplified the tax structure, reduced tax rates, eased compliance requirements, and strengthened GST's role in promoting economic growt

21 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF)

Latest News A new study published in Science has produced the first global map of the Earth's vast underground network of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), highlighting their crucial role in soil health, carbon storage, and ecosystem sustainability. About Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are soil-borne microorganisms belonging to the phylum G

20 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Greater Hog Badger (Arctonyx collaris)

Latest News Kaziranga National Park and Tiger Reserve has released the first scientific assessment report on the Greater Hog Badger, providing valuable insights into the ecology, distribution, and conservation status of this elusive mammal. About Greater Hog Badger The Greater Hog Badger (Arctonyx collaris) is a nocturnal, ground-dwelling, burrowing omnivorous mammal belonging to the

20 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Arbitrage Funds

Latest News Arbitrage funds are attracting investor attention as they capitalize on pricing differences in futures contracts and cash markets, offering relatively low-risk returns during periods of market volatility. About Arbitrage Funds Arbitrage Funds are equity-oriented hybrid mutual funds that generate returns by exploiting temporary price differences (arbitrage opportuniti

20 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Mukundra Hills Tiger Reserve (MHTR)

Latest News The Mukundra Hills Tiger Reserve (MHTR) administration in Kota, Rajasthan, recently launched the poster and trailer of the documentary "Enchanting Mukundra" to promote wildlife conservation, ecotourism, and awareness about the reserve's rich biodiversity. About Mukundra Hills Tiger Reserve Mukundra Hills Tiger Reserve (MHTR), formerly known as the Darra

20 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) in India

India is increasingly integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) with its Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) to strengthen governance, improve public service delivery, enhance Jan Vishwas (trust-based governance), and build greater state capacity for inclusive and sustainable development. Introduction India has developed one of the world's largest Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) e

20 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC)

Latest Context The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) (Amendment), 2026 has introduced the Creditor-Initiated Insolvency Resolution Process (CIIRP) as a new insolvency mechanism aimed at enabling faster corporate restructuring, reducing value destruction, and improving the efficiency of insolvency resolution. However, the amendment has also generated debate regarding its constitutional va

20 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Unified National Energy Policy Framework (UNEPF)

Latest Context The Indian National Science Academy (INSA), through its Centre for Science, Technology, Innovation and Policy (CSTIP), released a Policy Brief (May 2026) recommending a Unified National Energy Policy Framework (UNEPF). The proposed framework seeks to integrate India's fragmented energy policies and accelerate the country's transition towards Energy Self-Reliance by 20

20 Jul,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO)

Why is it in the News? The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) collaboration recently published its first scientific results, including highly precise measurements of how neutrinos produced by nuclear reactors change their flavour (oscillate) while travelling. About JUNO The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large underground neutrino research fa

18 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Udanti–Sitanadi Tiger Reserve

Latest News A four-year-old tigress that recently entered Chhattisgarh’s Udanti–Sitanadi Tiger Reserve (USTR) and remained there throughout the summer has renewed hopes for the revival of the reserve’s tiger population. About Udanti–Sitanadi Tiger Reserve Udanti–Sitanadi Tiger Reserve (USTR) is located in the state of Chhattisgarh and was created by comb

18 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Naval Anti-Ship Missile–Medium Range (NASM–MR)

Latest News India recently achieved a major milestone in defence technology by successfully conducting the maiden flight test of the Naval Anti-Ship Missile–Medium Range (NASM–MR). During the same series of trials, India also successfully tested its multi-layered Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) System, demonstrating significant progress in strengthening the country's mar

18 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Government Securities (G-Secs).

Latest News The Government of India has introduced major reforms to increase Foreign Portfolio Investor (FPI) participation in Government Securities (G-Secs). These reforms aim to deepen India's bond market, attract stable long-term foreign capital, diversify the investor base, and strengthen India's position as an important destination for global investments. Objective of the Re

18 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

ANCHOR

Latest News The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras has unveiled ANCHOR, the world’s most detailed 3D atlas of the human brainstem, marking a significant breakthrough in neuroscience, brain mapping, and medical research. About ANCHOR ANCHOR stands for Atlas of Neurochemical Characterization of the Human Brainstem with 3D Reconstruction. It is the world’s most compr

17 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Tapanuli Orangutan

Latest News A recent cyclone in Sumatra, Indonesia, reportedly killed around 58 Tapanuli orangutans, accounting for nearly 7% of the global population of this Critically Endangered species. The incident has raised serious concerns about the survival of one of the world's rarest great apes. About Tapanuli Orangutan The Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) is the rarest sp

17 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

AN-32 Aircraft

Latest News An Indian Air Force (IAF) AN-32 transport aircraft recently crashed and caught fire at the Air Force Station in Jorhat, Assam, resulting in the death of five personnel. The incident has once again highlighted the critical role of the AN-32 fleet in India's military logistics and the need for fleet modernization. About AN-32 Aircraft The AN-32 (Antonov AN-32) is a

17 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Species

17 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Paraquat

Why in News? Telangana has recently banned Paraquat, one of the world's most widely used and highly toxic herbicides (weedicides), becoming only the third State in India to prohibit its use. About Paraquat Paraquat, also known as Paraquat Dichloride, is a highly toxic synthetic (human-made) non-selective herbicide used worldwide to control weeds and grasses. It was originally

16 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Global Peace Index (GPI) 2026

Latest News According to the Global Peace Index (GPI) 2026, India has been ranked 127th among 163 independent countries and territories. What is the Global Peace Index (GPI)? The Global Peace Index (GPI) is the world's leading annual report that measures the level of peacefulness of countries across the globe. It is published by the Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP)

16 Jul,2026 GS-3 Internal Security

Critical Minerals and India’s EV Transition

Why in News? India sold over 2 million Electric Vehicles (EVs) in 2024, registering a 27% year-on-year growth, driven by initiatives such as FAME-I, FAME-II, PM E-DRIVE, and the Automotive PLI Scheme. With the target of achieving 30% EV penetration by 2030, India's battery market is expected to reach ₹25.05 trillion (US$300 billion). However, this transition depends heavily on cri

16 Jul,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Implementation of India's Four Labour Codes (2026)

Why in News? The Government of India notified the Rules for all four Labour Codes in May 2026, completing the legislative framework nearly six years after the Codes were enacted between 2019 and 2020. While the government views this as a major labour reform, trade unions and labour experts argue that the Rules leave several important issues unresolved, particularly regarding job security, w

15 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Marine Fisheries in India: Sustainability Debate

Why in News? The Government of India, citing data from the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), stated that 91.1% of the 135 assessed marine fish stocks were sustainable in 2022. However, this claim has been questioned by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and marine experts, who argue that Indian marine fisheries have plateaued due to overfishing, ecological degrad

15 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Aircraft

15 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Intelligence Bureau (IB)

Latest News The Union Government has appointed Mahesh Dixit, a 1993-batch Indian Police Service (IPS) officer of the Andhra Pradesh cadre, as the new Director of the Intelligence Bureau (IB) for a two-year tenure. He succeeds Tapan Kumar Deka, who served as the Director of the Intelligence Bureau for four years. About the Intelligence Bureau (IB) The Intelligence Bureau (IB) is

14 Jul,2026 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Index of Services Production (ISP)

Latest News The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) is set to launch the Index of Services Production (ISP) in July 2026. It will serve as India's first monthly high-frequency indicator to measure the performance of the services sector, functioning as the counterpart to the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) for the industrial sector. What is the Index of Se

14 Jul,2026 GS-3 Economic Index

Water Security in India

Context Indian cities are increasingly experiencing severe water stress, making water security one of the most critical development challenges of the 21st century. Rapid urbanisation, climate change, groundwater depletion, and inefficient water management have intensified the pressure on India's limited freshwater resources. Strengthening sustainable, integrated, and climate-resilie

14 Jul,2026 GS-3 Disaster Management

Dark Patterns

Why in News? A recent report has estimated that Indian consumers lose nearly ₹25,000–₹28,000 crore annually due to dark patterns employed by online marketplaces. These deceptive digital design practices manipulate consumers into making purchases or decisions that they would not have otherwise made, raising serious concerns regarding consumer protection, digital ethics, and fair tr

14 Jul,2026 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Food and Agricultural Sovereignty

The Orientation Law on Agricultural Sovereignty and Generational Renewal (2024) enacted by France has renewed global attention on the need to link food sovereignty with generational renewal in agriculture. The law recognizes that ensuring long-term food security requires not only protecting agricultural production but also attracting young people into farming. What is Food and Agricultural

13 Jul,2026 GS-3 Food Processing & Related Industries in India

Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2026

The Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2026, introduced in the Lok Sabha on 25 March 2026, proposes significant changes to India's framework governing foreign contributions received by Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), charitable trusts, educational institutions, religious organisations, and other non-profit entities. The Government has stated that the amendments are

13 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Gharials

Why in News? Recently, 31 gharial hatchlings were released into the Gandak River in the Bagaha region of Bihar as part of ongoing conservation efforts to strengthen the population of this critically endangered freshwater crocodilian and restore the river's ecological balance. About Gharials The Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) is a freshwater crocodilian native to the river sys

13 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Eechathalakenda incognita

Why in News? Recently, a team of scientists discovered a new freshwater fish species named Eechathalakenda incognita from the Western Ghats of Kerala. About Eechathalakenda incognita Eechathalakenda incognita is a newly identified species of freshwater fish belonging to the Torinae subfamily of the Cyprinidae family, which includes carps and minnows. The species was dis

13 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Diseases

13 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Wangchhu Hydroelectric Project

The Wangchhu Hydroelectric Project was recently in the news after Hindustan Construction Company (HCC) secured a ₹127 crore contract from Wangchhu Hydroelectric Power Limited (WHPL) for the execution of construction works related to the project. About the Wangchhu Hydroelectric Project The Wangchhu Hydroelectric Project is a 570 MW run-of-river hydropower project being developed

11 Jul,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Kirthai-II Hydroelectric Project

The Government of India has revived the long-delayed Kirthai Stage-II Hydroelectric Project on the Chenab River in the Kishtwar district of Jammu & Kashmir, nearly one year after placing the Indus Water Treaty (IWT) in abeyance. About Kirthai-II Hydroelectric Project The Kirthai-II Hydroelectric Project is a 930 MW run-of-the-river hydropower project planned on the Chenab Rive

10 Jul,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Autoimmune Blistering Diseases (AIBDs)

A joint study conducted by Punjabi University, Patiala, and the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, has developed Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based diagnostic methods to improve the early detection and diagnosis of Autoimmune Blistering Diseases (AIBDs). About Autoimmune Blistering Diseases (AIBDs) Autoimmune Blistering Diseases (AIBDs),

10 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Pyroprocessing

Pyroprocessing is gaining increasing global attention because of its wide-ranging applications in the cement industry, metallurgy, and nuclear power sector. About Pyroprocessing Pyroprocessing is a high-temperature industrial process in which a solid material undergoes physical or chemical transformation through the application of heat. The term is derived from the Greek

10 Jul,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Species

10 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Integrated National Energy Framework (INEF)

The Indian National Science Academy (INSA) has highlighted the need for a Unified National Energy Framework, known as the Integrated National Energy Framework (INEF), to bring together India's fragmented energy policies under a single strategic vision. The framework seeks to align energy security, economic development, environmental sustainability, and social equity, while supporting the n

10 Jul,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Towards Technological Autonomy

Growing cyberattacks, increasing geopolitical tensions, and India's dependence on foreign digital infrastructure have intensified the debate on Digital Sovereignty. Recent incidents, including the 2026 hacking of Indian CCTV networks through Chinese EseeCloud software and the 2025 disruption of Nayara Energy's cloud services due to international sanctions, have highlighted the strategi

09 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Free Trade Agreements

The India–Oman Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) came into force on 1 June 2026, becoming the latest addition to India's expanding network of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs). India now has 15 FTAs covering 27 countries, while nine additional agreements involving 42 countries are under negotiation. Once these negotiations are concluded, nearly 75% of India's exports cou

09 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

National AI Strategy

Growing discussions on India's Artificial Intelligence (AI) strategy, along with the implementation of the IndiaAI Mission and the push for sovereign AI capabilities, have renewed focus on treating AI as a Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) similar to Aadhaar, UPI, and affordable internet. Policymakers are increasingly advocating free or affordable AI tokens and indigenous AI infrastructu

09 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Digital India BHASHINI Division (DIBD)

Recently, the Digital India BHASHINI Division (DIBD) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Centre for Digital Public Infrastructure & Artificial Intelligence (DPI-AI), Kathmandu University, Nepal. The partnership aims to strengthen collaboration in multilingual Artificial Intelligence (AI), Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI), and language technology, while promoting cross-bo

09 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

E85 Fuel

Recently, the Union Minister for Petroleum and Natural Gas launched E85 fuel at an IndianOil retail outlet in New Delhi, marking another significant milestone in India's efforts to promote cleaner transportation, ethanol blending, and reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels. About E85 Fuel E85 Fuel is a high-ethanol blended automotive fuel consisting of approximately 80–85%

08 Jul,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Jai Prakash Narayan Bird Sanctuary (Surha Tal)

The Jai Prakash Narayan Bird Sanctuary, popularly known as Surha Tal, has recently been designated as India’s 100th Ramsar Site. This recognition highlights the ecological significance of the wetland and India’s commitment to the conservation and wise use of wetlands. About Jai Prakash Narayan Bird Sanctuary The Jai Prakash Narayan Bird Sanctuary is located in Uttar Pradesh a

08 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Species

08 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Climate Change

Climate change is increasingly emerging as a major cost-of-living challenge in India. Rather than being a distant environmental issue linked only to achieving Net Zero by 2070, it is now directly affecting household budgets through food inflation, rising electricity bills, water scarcity, and higher healthcare expenses. These impacts are disproportionately burdening the poor and vulnerable sec

07 Jul,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Mekedatu Dam Project

The Tamil Nadu Assembly has unanimously adopted a resolution opposing Karnataka's Mekedatu Dam Project across the Cauvery River, arguing that the project could affect downstream water availability. Karnataka, however, has expressed its willingness to hold discussions and maintains that the project will not reduce Tamil Nadu's allocated share of Cauvery waters. About the Mekedatu Dam

07 Jul,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

India's North-Eastern Region (Ashtalakshmi)

The North-Eastern Region (NER) has witnessed a remarkable transformation between 2014 and 2026, driven by major investments in infrastructure, connectivity, clean energy, socio-economic development, and regional integration. Supported by sustained government initiatives, the region—collectively known as Ashtalakshmi—has emerged as a vital pillar of India's Act East Policy and t

06 Jul,2026 GS-3 Internal Security

Critical Mineral Push in Northeast India

The Ministry of Mines has recently described several northeastern states—such as Manipur as a "quiet mineral frontier" and Arunachal Pradesh as a "resource-rich frontier"—indicating a major shift in India's approach towards the region. The Northeast is now increasingly being viewed not only as a strategic security buffer but also as a critical resource base

06 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

India's Start-up Ecosystem

Recently, Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) became the first Indian company to cross USD 10 billion in annual profits, while Amul became India's first Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) company to achieve a turnover of ₹1 trillion. These milestones highlight the growing strength of Indian enterprises but also underscore the need for India to create globally dominant, innovation-driven com

06 Jul,2026 GS-3 Investment Models

New Hoverfly Species

Researchers from the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) have recently discovered two new species of hoverflies, namely Eristalinus sapphirinus and Eristalinus brunettii, from the Gangetic Plains of West Bengal. The discovery enriches India's insect biodiversity and highlights the ecological importance of hoverflies as pollinators and nutrient recyclers. About Eristalinus sapphirinus and E

06 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

RudraM-II Missile

Recently, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), in collaboration with the Indian Air Force (IAF), successfully conducted the flight-tests of the RudraM-II missile. The successful trials validated the missile's performance, accuracy, and advanced guidance capabilities, marking another significant milestone in India's pursuit of self-reliance in defence technology. Abo

06 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Missile

06 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Mission for Cotton Productivity

The Union Cabinet has approved the Mission for Cotton Productivity with an outlay of ₹5,659 crore for 2026–31. The mission aims to increase cotton lint productivity from 441 kg/hectare (TE 2025–26) to 755 kg/hectare by 2031. While the target is ambitious, experts question whether it can be achieved amid declining productivity, technological stagnation, weak innovation incentiv

04 Jul,2026 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

Species

04 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Kirana Stores

Kirana stores are small, family-owned neighbourhood retail outlets that form the backbone of India's retail ecosystem. India has more than 12 million retail stores, most of which belong to the unorganised sector. Key Characteristics: Kirana stores enjoy advantages such as close proximity to consumers, personalised customer relationships, informal credit facilities through the kha

03 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Kadamparai Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant

The Kadamparai Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant (PSHPP) is a 400 MW hydroelectric project situated in the Kadamparai River basin in Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, near Valparai in the Anamalai Hills of the Western Ghats. Commissioned in 1987, it was the first pumped storage power station in Tamil Nadu and continues to be the state's only facility equipped with reversible two-way turbines

03 Jul,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Mesalina bishnoi

Mesalina bishnoi is a newly discovered species of lizard found near Gajner in Bikaner district, Rajasthan. The species inhabits an arid landscape characterized by hard, rocky soil and sparse desert vegetation. It represents the first confirmed record of the genus Mesalina in India. The genus comprises small, fast-moving, diurnal lizards that are adapted to arid and semi-arid environments. A

03 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Mule Account

03 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Banni Grassland

NTPC's proposed solar power project in the Banni Grassland of Gujarat has raised concerns over its potential impact on one of Asia's largest and most fragile natural grassland ecosystems. About Banni Grassland The Banni Grassland is situated along the northern border of Kachchh district in Gujarat, adjoining the Great Rann of Kutch. It is one of the largest tropical grassland eco

02 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

BSF

02 Jul,2026 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Species

02 Jul,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Rethinking India’s Economic Strategy

India’s economic reforms of 1991 marked a historic transition from a state-led, protectionist economy to a liberalised and market-oriented system. Policies promoting trade openness, foreign investment, deregulation, and integration with global markets became the foundation of India's growth strategy. These reforms produced significant achievements. India's GDP expanded nearly

01 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Logistics Port Performance Index (LPPI)

The Union Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW) recently launched the Logistics Port Performance Index (LPPI) for FY 2024–25 along with four major digital initiatives aimed at improving efficiency, transparency, and competitiveness in India's maritime sector. About the Logistics Port Performance Index (LPPI) The Logistics Port Performance Index (LPPI) has been devel

01 Jul,2026 GS-3 Economic Index

INS Kolkata

Recently, INS Kolkata successfully responded to a suspected piracy threat involving the merchant vessel MV Mashallah 1 in the Western Indian Ocean, preventing a possible hijacking attempt amid growing maritime security concerns in the region. About INS Kolkata INS Kolkata is the lead ship of the Kolkata-class (Project 15A) guided missile destroyers of the Indian Navy. The Project 15A des

01 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

RBI

01 Jul,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Metal

01 Jul,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Ecosystem-Based Adaptation

India's 11,000-km coastline is increasingly vulnerable to sea-level rise, storm surges, cyclones, coastal erosion, and saline intrusion caused by climate change. These interconnected threats affect the lives and livelihoods of nearly 250 million people living in coastal areas. Strengthening coastal resilience has therefore become a major policy priority for sustainable development and clim

30 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Vaccinium piliferum

Researchers have recently rediscovered Vaccinium piliferum in the remote forests of Vijoynagar in Changlang district, Arunachal Pradesh, nearly 188 years after its first recorded observation. About Vaccinium piliferum Vaccinium piliferum is a rare and endangered wild relative of blueberry species. It belongs to the Ericaceae (heath) family, which also includes blueberries, cranberries, a

30 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Energy Storage Systems (ESS)

The growing mismatch between the generation and consumption of electricity has made Energy Storage Systems (ESS) indispensable for ensuring grid stability, reliability, and efficient utilization of renewable energy. As India rapidly expands its renewable energy capacity to achieve its climate commitments and strengthen energy security, the challenge of managing intermittent sources of power su

29 Jun,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Climate Finance

India's commitment to addressing climate change represents one of the most significant development and investment challenges of the twenty-first century. The country has undertaken ambitious climate commitments through its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement and has pledged to achieve net-zero emissions by 2070. However, realizing these goals requires enorm

29 Jun,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary

Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Terai belt of the Upper Gangetic Plains in Bahraich district of Uttar Pradesh, near the Indo-Nepal border. In 1987, it was brought under Project Tiger and, along with Dudhwa National Park and Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary, forms the Dudhwa Tiger Reserve. The sanctuary provides an important ecological corridor connecting the tiger habitats of Dud

29 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Babesia

Two lion cubs in the Gir National Park region of Gujarat recently died due to a suspected Babesia infection, bringing attention to this tick-borne parasitic disease that affects both animals and humans. About Babesia Babesia is a genus of microscopic protozoan parasites that infect the red blood cells (RBCs) of animals and humans. The infection caused by these parasites is known as babes

29 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

India’s Economic Momentum Investment Climate

Recent policy debates have questioned whether changes in India’s Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) framework, declining net Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and the depreciation of the Indian rupee indicate a weakening of economic momentum and investor confidence. While these concerns deserve attention, India continues to remain one of the world's fastest-growing major economies and

27 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Planning

Oreshnik Missile

Recently, the President of Ukraine stated that Russia used the hypersonic Oreshnik ballistic missile during a large-scale drone and missile attack on Kyiv, bringing renewed global attention to Russia’s advanced strategic missile capabilities. About the Oreshnik Missile The Oreshnik is a Russian-made intermediate-range hypersonic ballistic missile (IRBM) designed to deliver both con

27 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Pyrite

27 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Lake

27 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

After Maoism, The Next Battle is for Adivasi Trust

The declaration of India as Maoist-free on March 31, 2026, marks a significant milestone in the country's internal security journey. The government's vision of integrating every resident of Bastar into the mainstream by 2031 reflects a transition from a purely security-oriented strategy to one centred on development, welfare, and social inclusion. However, sustainable peace cannot be a

27 Jun,2026 GS-3 Role of External State & Non-State Actors in Creating Challenges to Internal Security

Species

27 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Nereid and the Kuiper Belt

Recent observations made by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) suggest that Nereid, one of Neptune’s moons, may not have originated in the Kuiper Belt as previously believed. Scientists have found that Nereid possesses abundant crystalline water ice and a unique spectral composition that differs significantly from known Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs), indicating that it may have formed wi

26 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Stroke

The World Health Assembly (WHA) has recently adopted its first-ever resolution on stroke, urging member countries to recognize stroke as a major public health priority and strengthen measures related to prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and long-term care. What is a Stroke? A stroke is a medical emergency that occurs when the blood supply to the brain is interrupted, either because

26 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Agni-1 Missile

Recently, India successfully tested the Agni-1 missile from the Integrated Test Range (ITR), Balasore, Odisha, reaffirming the operational readiness of its strategic missile forces. About Agni-1 Missile The Agni-1 is a single-stage, solid-fuel, nuclear-capable ballistic missile developed indigenously by India. It forms an important component of India's credible minimum deterrence and

25 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Myopia

Recently, myopia has emerged as a major global public health concern. It is estimated that nearly half of the world’s population may become myopic by 2050, highlighting the growing burden of vision-related disorders worldwide. About Myopia Myopia, commonly known as nearsightedness, is a vision disorder in which nearby objects appear clear, while distant objects look blurred. It is

25 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Labour Codes in India

The implementation framework for India’s labour reforms has been completed with the notification of rules under the four Labour Codes. While the government views these reforms as a major step toward simplifying labour regulations and improving the ease of doing business, trade unions and labour experts have expressed concerns regarding several provisions and the absence of adequate safeg

25 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Species

25 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

The Battle Against AI Misinformation

India’s vision of Viksit Bharat 2047 places significant emphasis on achieving rapid economic growth, technological advancement, and global leadership in Artificial Intelligence (AI). AI has emerged as one of the most transformative technologies of the modern era, with the potential to revolutionise industries, governance, education, healthcare, and communication. However, alongside these

25 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Saraswati Wildlife Sanctuary

Recently, Haryana’s first Constellation Garden was developed inside the Saraswati Wildlife Sanctuary in the Seonsar forest area of Pehowa, highlighting the ecological and cultural importance of this protected region. About Saraswati Wildlife Sanctuary Saraswati Wildlife Sanctuary, also known as the Seonsar Forest, is located in the districts of Kaithal and Kurukshetra in Haryana. T

24 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Tariffs to Carbon

The introduction of the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) marks a significant transformation in the nature of global trade. Proposed in 2021 and set for implementation from 2026, CBAM represents a shift from a trade system primarily governed by tariffs to one increasingly influenced by carbon efficiency and environmental sustainability. While the mechanism seeks

24 Jun,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Energy

24 Jun,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) Amendment, 2026

The proposed Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) Amendment, 2026 seeks to introduce a new mechanism known as the Creditor-Initiated Insolvency Resolution Process (CIIRP). The objective of this reform is to ensure faster resolution of stressed assets, preserve the value of viable businesses, and reduce delays that have emerged under the existing insolvency framework. However, the proposal has gene

23 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Suryastra Rocket System: India’s Indigenous Multi-Calibre Rocket Launcher

23 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Kumbhalgarh Fort

The Kumbhalgarh Fort Wall in Rajasthan, popularly known as the “Great Wall of India,” has recently been recognized as the second-longest surviving wall in the world by a UNESCO survey. This recognition has once again highlighted the historical and architectural significance of the fort. About Kumbhalgarh Fort Kumbhalgarh Fort is located in the Rajsamand district of Rajasthan

22 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Blue Straggler Stars (BSS)

Blue Straggler Stars (BSS) are unusual stars that appear hotter, brighter, and more massive than other stars of the same age in a star cluster. Recently, researchers made the world's first confirmed discovery of a Blue Straggler Star hosting a brown dwarf companion in an extremely compact binary system, providing new insights into the formation and evolution of these mysterious stars. W

22 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

RAINMUMBAI Weather Derivative: NCDEX Rainfall Contract and UPSC Relevance

The National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange (NCDEX) has recently launched RAINMUMBAI, India's first SEBI-approved exchange-traded weather derivatives contract. The initiative marks a significant step in developing innovative financial instruments that help businesses and investors manage risks arising from uncertain weather conditions and monsoon variability. What is RAINMUMBAI?

22 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Ammonium Sulphate: Properties, Applications and UPSC Science Facts

22 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Memory Chip Shortage

The global semiconductor industry is currently witnessing a major shift as leading manufacturers increasingly focus on producing Artificial Intelligence (AI)-oriented chips. This transition has significantly increased the demand for advanced memory technologies, particularly High Bandwidth Memory (HBM), which is essential for AI servers, data centres, and high-performance computing systems.

22 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Zwan-Wolf Effect

The Zwan-Wolf Effect is a space physics phenomenon in which charged particles are compressed and redistributed along magnetic field structures known as flux tubes. It was first identified in 1976 and, until recently, had only been observed in the magnetospheres of planets. A major scientific breakthrough occurred when NASA's MAVEN spacecraft detected this effect within the atmosphere of Ma

21 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Species

21 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

LAKE

21 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

India’s Solar Energy Transition

India has successfully achieved its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) target of sourcing 50% of its installed electricity capacity from non-fossil fuel sources well before the 2030 deadline. This achievement reflects the country's rapid progress in renewable energy deployment. However, recent developments such as the curtailment of 2.3 TWh of solar power and the existence of 44 GW o

20 Jun,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Model Collapse

Recently, researchers demonstrated that adding even a single piece of external data or prior knowledge during training can effectively prevent model collapse in artificial intelligence systems. What is Model Collapse? Model collapse refers to a phenomenon in which an Artificial Intelligence (AI) model is repeatedly trained on data generated by previous AI models rather than on original

19 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Species

19 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

India's Balance of Payments (BoP) Challenge

Three months into the ongoing West Asia conflict, India has largely managed to avoid severe energy shortages despite a rise in global crude oil prices. However, policymakers are increasingly concerned not about energy availability, but about the growing pressure on India's Balance of Payments (BoP) and the consequent depreciation of the Indian Rupee. Unlike previous external sector cris

18 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Captagon

Why in News? Recently, the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), under Operation RAGEPILL, uncovered an international drug trafficking network involved in the illegal trade of Captagon, a highly addictive synthetic stimulant. The operation highlighted the growing global concern regarding the production, trafficking, and abuse of this drug, particularly in regions affected by conflict and instabil

18 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Mega Science Vision-2035 (MSV) Report on Climate Research

Recently, the Mega Science Vision-2035 (MSV) Report on Climate Research raised serious concerns about India's declining capability to develop indigenous scientific instruments for climate observation and weather forecasting. The report warned that excessive dependence on imported equipment, inadequate calibration practices, and structural weaknesses in climate research infrastructure are a

18 Jun,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Western Hoolock Gibbon

Why in News? Recently, a significant conservation milestone was achieved in Assam when a male Western Hoolock Gibbon successfully crossed a canopy bridge installed over a railway line passing through the Hollongapar Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary. About the Western Hoolock Gibbon The Western Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock hoolock) is the only ape species naturally found in India and is regarded as th

18 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Species

18 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Species

18 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW)

Recently, while delivering the R.N. Kao Memorial Lecture-2026 organized by the Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), the Union Home Minister emphasized the need for uniform global laws and coordinated mechanisms to combat drug trafficking, facilitate the extradition of drug kingpins, and enhance international intelligence sharing. The remarks highlighted the growing importance of intelligence

17 Jun,2026 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Chaprala Wildlife Sanctuary

Recently, officials from Telangana's Irrigation Department stated that the proposed Pranahita-Chevella Barrage on the Pranahita River will be designed in such a manner that it does not lead to the submergence of the Chaprala Wildlife Sanctuary, a biologically rich protected area located near the project site. About Chaprala Wildlife Sanctuary The Chaprala Wildlife Sanctuary is situat

17 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Species

17 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Disease

17 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Withholding Tax

Recently, reports suggested that the Government of India and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) are considering a reduction in the withholding tax rate on government bonds to encourage greater participation by foreign investors in India's debt market. The proposed measure is aimed at increasing foreign capital inflows, deepening the domestic bond market, and reducing the government's borr

16 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Annual Report 2025–26

Recently, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released its Annual Report for 2025–26, presenting a comprehensive assessment of the Indian economy and the financial system. The report noted that despite persistent global uncertainties arising from the West Asia conflict, elevated energy prices, inflationary pressures, and disruptions in international supply chains, the Indian economy is expec

16 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Project Garud

Recently, Hyderabad-based space startup Dhruva Space secured ₹105 crore under the Research, Development and Innovation Fund (RDIF) to support Project Garud. The initiative marks a significant step towards enhancing India's private-sector satellite manufacturing capabilities and strengthening the country's position in the rapidly expanding global space economy. About Project Garud

15 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Replacement of Old Trucks & Buses in Delhi-NCR

Recently, the Union Cabinet approved a ₹9,585-crore Scheme for Support to the National Capital Region Planning Board (NCRPB) for Replacement of Old Trucks and Buses in Delhi-NCR. The two-year initiative aims to reduce air pollution in the Delhi–National Capital Region (NCR) by replacing older, highly polluting commercial vehicles with cleaner Bharat Stage-VI (BS-VI) compliant vehicles

15 Jun,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

National Technology Day (NTD)

Recently, the Prime Minister of India greeted the nation on the occasion of National Technology Day, recognising the remarkable contributions of scientists, engineers, researchers, and innovators in advancing India's technological capabilities. About National Technology Day (NTD) National Technology Day (NTD) is celebrated in India every year on 11 May. The day commemorates the succe

14 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Diseases

14 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Tholpetty Wildlife Sanctuary

Recently, a wild gaur that had strayed into densely populated areas of Kannur district, Kerala, was successfully captured by a team of Forest Department experts. The animal was later released into the forest region of the Tholpetty Wildlife Sanctuary, ensuring both public safety and the conservation of the species. About Tholpetty Wildlife Sanctuary The Tholpetty Wildlife Sanctuary is si

13 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)

The National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) was launched by the Government of India in 2014–15 under the framework of the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). The mission was conceived as a strategic intervention to address the growing challenges posed by climate variability and climate change to the agricultural sector. Its primary objective is to make Indian agri

13 Jun,2026 GS-3 E-Technology in the Aid of Farmers, Technology Missions

ICGS Achal

Recently, the Indian Coast Guard (ICG) commissioned ICGS Achal at Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL), Goa. About ICGS Achal The Indian Coast Guard Ship (ICGS) Achal is a new-generation Adamya-class Fast Patrol Vessel (FPV) designed to undertake a variety of maritime security and law-enforcement missions. The vessel derives its name from the Sanskrit word "Achal," meaning "firm"

12 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Labeo kaage

Scientists from the PAGR Centre of the ICAR–National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBFGR), Kochi, have recently discovered a new species of freshwater fish, named Labeo kaage, from the Shivanasamudra stretch of the Cauvery River basin in Mandya district, Karnataka. The discovery adds to the growing list of fish species identified from the ecologically rich river systems of the W

12 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Diseases

12 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Species

12 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Tactical Advanced Range Augmentation (TARA) Weapon

Recently, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), in collaboration with the Indian Air Force (IAF), successfully carried out the maiden flight trial of the Tactical Advanced Range Augmentation (TARA) weapon off the coast of Odisha. What is the Tactical Advanced Range Augmentation (TARA) Weapon? The Tactical Advanced Range Augmentation (TARA) weapon is India's first

11 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Dhow

Recently, an Indian sailor was killed and several others were injured after a wooden dhow caught fire near the Strait of Hormuz, one of the world's most strategically important maritime chokepoints. About Dhow A dhow is a traditional wooden sailing vessel used mainly in the Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, and along the coasts of East Africa and the Middle East. For centuries, these vesse

11 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Tiger reserve

10 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Species

10 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Geocell

The CSIR–Central Road Research Institute (CSIR-CRRI) and BPCL have been recognized by the India Book of Records and the Asia Book of Records for creating the first road section constructed using technical textile geocells manufactured from end-of-life plastic waste. This achievement highlights the growing use of sustainable construction technologies and demonstrates how waste plastic can

09 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Gut Microbiome

Recent scientific research has emphasized that the human gut microbiome is shaped by a variety of host-related and environmental factors. Scientists have found that the composition of the gut microbiome significantly influences human health and plays an important role in the development, prevention, and progression of several diseases. What is the Gut Microbiome? The gut microbiome, als

09 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Wildlife sanctuary

09 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Yildirimhan Missile (Turkey)

Turkey has unveiled a prototype of the Yildirimhan Missile, an Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), as part of its efforts to achieve greater defence self-reliance and establish itself as a major defence power in the Middle East and among its NATO allies. About Yildirimhan Missile The Yildirimhan Missile is an Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) being developed by Turkey. It

09 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA)

Recently, the Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change launched the website and logo for the 1st International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) Summit 2026, which will be hosted by India in New Delhi. What is the International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA)? The International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) is an inter-governmental international organization launched by India in April 2023 during t

08 Jun,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

METHANE

08 Jun,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

TIGER RESERVE

07 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Sohagi Barwa Wildlife Sanctuary

Recently, a leopard was found dead in Sohagi Barwa Wildlife Sanctuary, prompting forest officials to conduct a post-mortem examination to determine the exact cause of death. The incident has once again drawn attention to this important protected area of the Terai region in northern India. Location and Geographical Importance Sohagi Barwa Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the Maharajganj

06 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Sohagi Barwa Wildlife Sanctuary

06 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Project Deepak

Recently, Project Deepak of the Border Roads Organisation (BRO) celebrated its 66th Raising Day at Shimla. The occasion highlighted the project's long-standing contribution to infrastructure development in strategically important and geographically challenging regions of the Himalayas. About Project Deepak Project Deepak is one of the oldest and most prestigious projects of the Borde

06 Jun,2026 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

INS Sindhukesari

Recently, INS Sindhukesari, a Kilo-class diesel-electric submarine of the Indian Navy, arrived at Colombo, Sri Lanka, for an Operational Turnaround (OTR). Such visits enhance operational readiness, logistics support, and maritime cooperation between friendly navies in the Indian Ocean Region. About INS Sindhukesari INS Sindhukesari is a 3,000-tonne conventional diesel-electric submarine

06 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

VITAMIN

06 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Species

06 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Electronic Gold Receipts (EGRs)

Recently, the National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) launched Electronic Gold Receipts (EGRs) as a new trading segment, providing investors with a transparent and regulated platform for trading gold in electronic form. What are Electronic Gold Receipts (EGRs)? Electronic Gold Receipts (EGRs) are dematerialised securities that represent ownership of physical gold. They allow investors to

05 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

TIGER RESERVE

05 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Notice to Airmen (NOTAM)

Recently, India issued a Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) declaring a large area of the Bay of Bengal as a danger zone in connection with a long-range missile test. What is a NOTAM? A Notice to Airmen (NOTAM), now officially referred to as a Notice to Air Mission, is an aviation notice containing information about the establishment, condition, or change in any aeronautical facility, service, pr

05 Jun,2026 GS-3 Internal Security

Dimethyl Ether (DME)

Recently, Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC), in collaboration with CSIR–National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), announced the launch of an industrial pilot project in Pune for the production of Dimethyl Ether (DME). The project is expected to promote indigenous development of clean alternative fuels and contribute to India's energy transition efforts. What is Dimethyl Ether

04 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Mission Drishti

Recently, Bengaluru-based space start-up GalaxEye successfully launched its Mission Drishti satellite aboard the Falcon 9 launch vehicle from California, USA. The mission marks a major milestone for India's private space sector and demonstrates the growing capabilities of indigenous space technology startups. About Mission Drishti Mission Drishti is a pioneering Earth Observation (EO

04 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

HANTAVIRUS

04 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

NATIONAL PARK

04 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Allele

A recent study conducted in South Africa has found that certain protective HLA-B alleles, which previously helped individuals survive HIV/AIDS and reduced the transmission of the virus before the widespread availability of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), are no longer undergoing the same degree of natural selection. The study suggests that the extensive use of ART has significantly slowed this g

03 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)

Recently, individuals living with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) and their families have appealed to the Prime Minister of India for urgent intervention to ensure nationwide access to Risdiplam, a key drug used in the management of the disease. They have sought its inclusion and wider availability under the National Policy for Rare Diseases (NPRD) to make treatment more affordable and accessibl

03 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

NATIONAL PARK

03 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

DAMPE Satellite

China’s space telescope DAMPE (Dark Matter Particle Explorer), also known as “Wukong”, has recently made significant observations related to the acceleration and energy behaviour of cosmic rays. The satellite has detected that the intensity of high-energy cosmic radiation decreases sharply beyond a specific energy threshold, offering new insights into the behaviour of cosmic-

02 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Hepatitis

According to the WHO Global Hepatitis Report 2026, India continues to remain among the countries with the highest burden of hepatitis-related deaths, highlighting a persistent public health challenge. The report underlines that despite progress in vaccination and treatment, viral hepatitis remains a major global health threat, especially in low and middle-income countries. What is Hepatitis

02 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Girnar Wildlife Sanctuary

The Girnar Wildlife Sanctuary in Gujarat has recently been in the news after a committee of monks demanded the scrapping of its Eco-Sensitive Zone (ESZ) status, arguing that it restricts religious activities. The sanctuary is ecologically significant as it is home to Asiatic lions and forms an important extension of the Gir forest ecosystem. About Girnar Wildlife Sanctuary The Girnar Wil

02 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Fiber Optic Drones

The use of fiber optic drones has recently gained attention after reports that Hezbollah has deployed them in operations against Israel, highlighting a new shift in modern electronic and unmanned warfare. These systems represent an advanced category of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) designed to overcome limitations of conventional drone communication. What are Fiber Optic Drones? Fiber

02 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

LEPROSY

02 Jun,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

INS Mahendragiri

INS Mahendragiri was recently delivered to the Indian Navy at Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDSL), Mumbai, marking an important step in strengthening India’s indigenous naval capabilities. The induction of this warship reflects the country’s focus on enhancing its modern maritime defence fleet under domestic shipbuilding programmes. About INS Mahendragiri INS Mahendragir

01 Jun,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Whitley Awards 2026

Indian conservationists Barkha Subba and Parveen Shaikh have recently been awarded the prestigious Whitley Awards, recognising their outstanding work in conserving the Himalayan salamander and the endangered Indian skimmer. The award highlights impactful grassroots conservation efforts from the Global South. About Whitley Awards The Whitley Awards, often called the “Green Oscars&rd

01 Jun,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Apis mellifera (Western Honey Bee)

Recently, scientists at the CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM), Pulwama, successfully demonstrated that Apis mellifera can survive sub-zero temperatures. About Apis mellifera Apis mellifera, commonly known as the Western Honey Bee or European Honey Bee, is the most widely distributed and commercially important species of honey bee in the world. It is regarded as the

26 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary

The Gauhati High Court recently directed the Assam Government to respond to a petition alleging that the Forest Department had issued an e-tender for the felling of trees within the Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary without obtaining the mandatory forest clearance from the Central Government. About Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary The Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary is located on the eastern fringe of Gu

25 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Fructose

A recent scientific study has identified fructose as an important biological factor contributing to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and several chronic diseases. About Fructose Fructose is a type of simple sugar (monosaccharide) belonging to the carbohydrate group. It is one of the three most common naturally occurring monosaccharides, the other two being glucose and galactose. Its chem

25 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Astra Mk2 Missile

Recently, India announced its plan to integrate the advanced Astra Mk2 missile with the Mirage 2000 fighter aircraft of the Indian Air Force. The missile is capable of intercepting enemy aircraft at a distance of up to 240 kilometres, allowing Indian fighter jets to engage hostile targets far beyond visual range. About Astra Mk2 Missile The Astra Mk2 is an advanced Beyond Visual Range (B

22 May,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

River Basin Management Scheme

The River Basin Management (RBM) Scheme has recently contributed to noticeable improvements in water resource planning, infrastructure development, and the sustainable management of major river basins in India. About the River Basin Management Scheme The River Basin Management Scheme is a Central Sector Scheme implemented by the Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga

21 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Vaccine

Recently, India announced the supply of 13 tonnes of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines to Afghanistan. The move reflects India’s continued support in strengthening public health systems and combating infectious diseases such as tuberculosis in neighboring countries. About Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Vaccine The Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is a

20 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

CAR-T Cell Therapy

Recently, scientists successfully used CAR-T Cell Therapy for the first time to treat a patient suffering from three different life-threatening autoimmune diseases that had remained resistant to treatment for several years. About CAR-T Cell Therapy CAR-T Cell Therapy, or Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy, is an advanced form of immunotherapy used mainly for treating certain types

20 May,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Water Hyacinth

Recently, the rapid reappearance of water hyacinth in the Mula-Mutha River, only weeks after large-scale clean-up operations, has renewed concerns regarding the absence of a long-term and sustainable solution to control the invasive aquatic weed. About Water Hyacinth Water hyacinth is a free-floating aquatic plant belonging to the pickerelweed family. Its scientific name is Eichhornia crass

20 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

ANTELOPE

20 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Chagas Disease

World Chagas Disease Day is observed every year on 14 April to create awareness about Chagas disease, its serious impact on human health, and the importance of prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment. The day also highlights the challenges faced by millions of people affected by this neglected tropical disease, especially in economically weaker regions. About Chagas Disease Chagas dis

19 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

e-SafeHER Initiative

Recently, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Hyderabad, a scientific society functioning under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), along with Reliance Foundation, launched the e-SafeHER Initiative. The initiative has been introduced to strengthen cybersecurity awareness among women in rural India, especially at a time when digital platforms are

18 May,2026 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Keytruda

Recent investigations have revealed a worrying rise in the counterfeit market for Keytruda, a widely used cancer immunotherapy drug. The spread of fake versions of the medicine has been linked to the high cost of treatment, limited patient access, and the use of standardized high-dose regimens that significantly increase expenses for patients. About Keytruda Keytruda is the brand name of

18 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Wildlife sanctuary

18 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

INS Dhruv

18 May,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Vitamin D

A recent study has revealed that the level of Vitamin D during a person’s 30s and 40s may play an important role in determining brain health and brain ageing in later life. According to the study, individuals with adequate vitamin D levels in middle age are more likely to maintain better cognitive function during their 60s and 70s. The findings highlight the growing importance of vitamin

17 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Export Inspection Council

Recently, India clarified that the requirement of obtaining a certificate of inspection from the Export Inspection Council (EIC) for rice exports is applicable only for exports to the European Union (EU), United Kingdom, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland. About Export Inspection Council (EIC) The Export Inspection Council (EIC) was established by the Government of India un

16 May,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Methanol

Recently, the Deendayal Port Authority (Kandla Port) enhanced its methanol bunkering capabilities, marking an important step in India’s transition towards cleaner energy and the development of global green shipping corridors. About Methanol Methanol, also known as wood alcohol, is the simplest form of alcohol with the chemical formula CH₃OH. It is a light, colorless liquid widel

16 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Hwasong-11Ga

Recently, North Korea conducted a series of weapons tests, including the launch of the Hwasong-11Ga missile fitted with a cluster munition warhead. The test has drawn international attention because of the missile’s advanced strike capability and the controversial nature of cluster munitions. About Hwasong-11Ga The Hwasong-11Ga, also known in Western countries as the KN-23, is a sh

16 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

WINDFALL TAX

16 May,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Species

16 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Agricultural Engineering

India is an agrarian country where agriculture remains the backbone of the economy and a major source of livelihood for millions of people. However, Indian agriculture is increasingly facing serious challenges such as climate variability, declining natural resources, fragmented landholdings, labour shortages, and rising cultivation costs. In such a situation, agricultural engineering has emerged a

16 May,2026 GS-3 E-Technology in the Aid of Farmers, Technology Missions

ALH Mk-III Helicopter

Recently, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) handed over four Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH) Mk-III Maritime Role (MR) helicopters to the Indian Coast Guard. The induction of these helicopters is expected to significantly strengthen India’s maritime surveillance, coastal security, and search-and-rescue capabilities. About ALH Mk-III Helicopter The ALH Mk-III Helicopter is the ma

15 May,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

MAKHANA

15 May,2026 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

LEAD

15 May,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

TIGER RESERVE

15 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

SPECIES

15 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

WILDLIFE

14 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

OAK TREE

14 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

INS Sunayna

Recently, the INS Sunayna reached Malé as part of its deployment under the Indian Ocean Ship (IOS) SAGAR initiative. This deployment highlights India’s growing maritime engagement and its commitment to strengthening regional security and cooperation in the Indian Ocean Region. The SAGAR initiative, which stands for Security and Growth for All in the Region, reflects India’s v

14 May,2026 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

Tar Balls

Recently, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change released draft rules for the management of tar balls in order to protect India’s coastline and marine ecosystems from the harmful effects of oil pollution. The increasing occurrence of tar balls along coastal regions has emerged as a serious environmental concern because they negatively affect marine biodiversity, coastal habit

13 May,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Marine Nematode Species

Recently, researchers from the Zoological Survey of India discovered two new species of free-living marine nematodes off the coast of Tamil Nadu. The newly identified species have been named Corononema dhriti and Epacanthion indica. About Corononema dhriti Discovery and Naming Corononema dhriti is a species of free-living marine nematode discovered in the coastal waters of Tamil Nadu.

13 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

GeM

13 May,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Species

13 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

ASISSE

13 May,2026 GS-3 Economic Index

Shellear Fish

Recently, scientists discovered that the Shellear fish can climb a vertical waterfall nearly 15 metres (50 feet) high in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. About Shellear Fish The Shellear fish is scientifically known as Parakneria thysi. It is a rare freshwater fish species found in the upper Congo Basin, especially around the Luvilombo Falls on the Luvilombo River. The fish belo

13 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Industrial Relations Crisis in India

India aims to become a global manufacturing hub and achieve the status of a $4 trillion economy. However, recent violent worker protests in places such as Noida, Manesar, and Bhiwadi have exposed serious problems in the country’s industrial relations system. Causes of Workers’ Revolt Breakdown of Trust Between Workers and Employers When workers abandon peaceful negotiation

13 May,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

India’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0)

The Union Cabinet recently approved India’s updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0) for the period 2031–2035. The updated climate action plan will be officially submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change under the Paris Agreement. India’s updated NDC reflects the country’s commitment to balancing economic development, energy sec

13 May,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Food Price Index

Recently, the FAO Food Price Index witnessed a rise in March 2026. The increase was mainly attributed to rising energy costs caused by the escalating conflict in the Middle East. Higher energy prices generally increase transportation, production, and supply chain costs, which ultimately affect global food prices. The Food Price Index is an important global indicator used to track changes in

12 May,2026 GS-3 Economic Index

Bengal Florican

The Bengal Florican is one of the rarest and most threatened grassland birds in the world. Recently, concerns have grown significantly because fewer than 1,000 Bengal Floricans are believed to survive globally. The remaining population is now restricted to small and fragmented patches of natural grasslands, making the species highly vulnerable to extinction. The bird is considered an import

12 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Mango

12 May,2026 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

Turtle

12 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

National park

12 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Project Chetak

Project Chetak Recently, the 47th Raising Day of Project Chetak was celebrated in Bikaner by the Border Roads Organisation. The occasion highlighted the project’s significant contribution toward strengthening border infrastructure, improving connectivity, and enhancing national security in India’s western border regions. About Project Chetak Project Chetak was established in 1

11 May,2026 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Kar Saathi

Recently, the Income Tax Department launched Kar Saathi, an AI-powered chatbot designed to function as a virtual tax assistant on the official income tax website. The initiative aims to simplify tax compliance and provide easier access to tax-related services for citizens. About Kar Saathi Kar Saathi is an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based digital assistant integrated into the new incom

10 May,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM)

Recently, the 128th meeting of the Enforcement Task Force (ETF) of the Commission for Air Quality Management was held to review measures related to air pollution control in the National Capital Region (NCR) and adjoining areas. The Commission plays an important role in addressing the growing problem of air pollution in and around Delhi-NCR. About the Commission for Air Quality Management

10 May,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Non-Deliverable Derivative (NDD)

A Non-Deliverable Derivative (NDD) is a type of financial derivative contract in which two parties agree on a future exchange rate of the Indian rupee, but instead of exchanging the actual currency at maturity, the contract is settled in cash (usually in US dollars) based on the difference between the agreed rate and the prevailing market rate. In simple terms, NDDs allow investors to specu

09 May,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

General Anti-Avoidance Rules (GAAR)

The General Anti-Avoidance Rules (GAAR) is a key anti-tax avoidance framework under the Income Tax Act, 1961, introduced to curb aggressive tax planning and prevent loss of revenue to the government. It became operational from 1st April 2017 based on the recommendations of the Parthasarathi Shome Committee. GAAR is designed to target arrangements that are legally valid in form but abusive i

09 May,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Trade Enablement and Marketing Initiative

Recently, the Minister of State for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) informed the Lok Sabha about the Trade Enablement and Marketing (TEAM) Initiative, a Central Sector Scheme designed to strengthen the digital and market access ecosystem for MSMEs in India. The initiative is implemented under the broader Raising and Accelerating MSME Performance (RAMP) Programme, which aims to im

09 May,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Orange Economy

The Ministry of Information & Broadcasting has recently launched three major transformative initiatives — the National AI Skilling Initiative, MyWAVES, and the Advanced Electronic Program Guide (EPG) with in-built satellite tuners. These initiatives are aimed at strengthening India’s rapidly growing Orange Economy and expanding access to digital technologies across the country.

08 May,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Multi-Hazard Early Warning Decision Support System

The Multi-Hazard Early Warning Decision Support System (MH-EWDSS) marks a significant advancement in India’s weather forecasting and disaster management framework. It reflects the country’s shift toward a more technology-driven and proactive approach for dealing with natural disasters and extreme weather events. The system strengthens India’s capability to provide faster, mor

08 May,2026 GS-3 Disaster Management

Ammonium Nitrate

Recently, a leasing agreement was signed between Bharat Coal Gasification and Chemicals Limited (BCGCL) and Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL) for the upcoming Coal to Ammonium Nitrate Project at Lakhanpur in Odisha. The project highlights the growing industrial importance of ammonium nitrate in sectors such as mining, fertilizers, and explosives. About Ammonium Nitrate Ammonium nitrate i

08 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

E20 Fuel

The Central Government has implemented a new fuel mandate requiring petrol pumps to supply E20 fuel with a minimum octane rating of 95 RON (Research Octane Number). This step is part of India’s broader strategy to promote cleaner fuels, reduce dependence on crude oil imports, and encourage the use of biofuels. About E20 Fuel E20 fuel is a blend consisting of 20% ethanol and 80% pet

08 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Extreme Heat in India

The phenomenon of extreme heat in India has transformed from a seasonal inconvenience into a widespread national crisis. Heatwaves, once limited to arid northwestern and central regions, now affect over 57% of districts, including coastal and temperate areas. Changing Geography of Heatwaves India’s heatwave patterns have expanded significantly beyond their traditional zones. Region

07 May,2026 GS-3 Disaster Management

Sloth Bear

Recently, officials of the Karnataka Forest Department captured a sloth bear that had been roaming in villages around Shivamogga Airport. About Sloth Bear The Sloth Bear is one of the eight species of bears found in the world. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and is mainly found in forested regions of South Asia. The species is scientifically adapted for feeding on insects and

07 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Antariksh Venture Capital Fund

Recently, the Union Minister announced that India’s dedicated Antariksh Venture Capital Fund for the space sector has been progressing steadily. Investments in selected space startups are expected to begin from the first quarter of FY2027. About Antariksh Venture Capital Fund The Antariksh Venture Capital Fund is a dedicated financial initiative created to strengthen India’s

07 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

RoSCTL Scheme

Recently, the Ministry of Textiles extended the Rebate of State and Central Taxes and Levies (RoSCTL) Scheme for exports of apparel, garments, and made-ups up to 30th September 2026. The extension has been announced to continue supporting India’s textile export sector and improve the global competitiveness of Indian products. About the RoSCTL Scheme The Rebate of State and Central

07 May,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL)

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL), also known as Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia, is a type of blood cancer that affects the white blood cells and the bone marrow. Bone marrow is the soft tissue inside bones where blood cells are produced. It is a rapidly progressing cancer, meaning the abnormal cells multiply very quickly and interfere with the normal production of healthy blood cells. ALL i

07 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Humpback Whale

A recent incident in the Baltic Sea saw a stranded humpback whale successfully return to open waters, highlighting both the resilience of marine species and the challenges posed by changing ocean conditions. About the Humpback Whale The Humpback Whale is a species of baleen whale belonging to the rorqual family Balaenopteridae. It is one of the most well-known large whales due to its distinc

06 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Bio-Bitumen

Recently, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) organised a technology transfer event in New Delhi to promote the large-scale adoption of Bio-Bitumen made from lignocellulosic biomass. This initiative aims to convert farm residue into a valuable resource for infrastructure development. What is Bio-Bitumen? Bio-bitumen is an eco-friendly alternative to conventional petr

06 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Agri-Photovoltaics (AgriPV)

The Union Budget 2026–27 has nearly doubled the allocation for the PM-KUSUM Scheme to ₹5,000 crore, signalling a strong push toward farmer-centric solarisation. In this context, Agri-Photovoltaics (AgriPV) is emerging as a crucial solution to balance energy expansion with food security. AgriPV resolves the “food vs fuel” conflict by enabling simultaneous farming and sola

06 May,2026 GS-3 E-Technology in the Aid of Farmers, Technology Missions

Earth Hour

Recently, World Wildlife Fund (WWF) India, in collaboration with the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, organised awareness and outreach activities in Gwalior to mark 20 years of Earth Hour. This milestone highlights the campaign’s evolution into a global environmental movement promoting sustainability and climate action. About Earth Hour Earth Hour is a global grassro

05 May,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Satpura Tiger Reserve

Recently, a tiger in Satpura Tiger Reserve was allegedly poisoned to death, leading to the arrest of five individuals. This incident highlights the serious threats to wildlife conservation, including poaching and human-wildlife conflict. Location and Composition Satpura Tiger Reserve is located in the state of Madhya Pradesh, within the Satpura mountain ranges of central India. It lies s

05 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Natural Deterrents by BSF

The Border Security Force (BSF) is reportedly exploring the use of natural deterrents such as snakes and crocodiles to enhance security in riverine and ecologically sensitive stretches of the India–Bangladesh border. India–Bangladesh Border The India–Bangladesh border is India’s longest international land boundary, extending approximately 4,096.7 km. It passes th

05 May,2026 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Coffee in India

India’s coffee exports to West Asian markets are currently facing logistical delays, with shipments either stranded at ports or moving slowly through the Strait of Hormuz. This disruption is affecting export timelines and trade efficiency, particularly for West Asian buyers. About Coffee Coffee is a tropical plantation crop that typically grows under shaded conditions provided by t

04 May,2026 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

Red-crowned Roofed Turtle

Recently, the Red-crowned Roofed Turtle, once considered a “jewel of the Ganga River,” is now confined to a rapidly shrinking habitat, raising serious concerns about its survival and the health of river ecosystems. About the Species The Red-crowned Roofed Turtle is a freshwater turtle species endemic to South Asia. It belongs to the genus Batagur and is one of the three large

04 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

P-8I Poseidon

Recently, the Ministry of Defence has signed contracts for the procurement of the Tunguska Air Defence Missile System as well as for the inspection (depot-level maintenance) of the P-8I aircraft. This development reflects India’s growing focus on strengthening both air defence systems and maritime surveillance capabilities. About the P-8I Poseidon The P-8I Poseidon is a long-range,

04 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Anti-Dumping

The Directorate General of Trade Remedies (DGTR), under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, has initiated anti-dumping investigations into imports of key chemicals. These include ethyl chloroformate from China and hexamine from China, Russia, and the UAE, with the objective of protecting the domestic chemical industry from unfair trade practices. What is Ethyl Chloroformate? Ethyl chl

04 May,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Steppe Eagle

The Steppe Eagle is a large migratory bird of prey belonging to the subfamily Aquilinae, commonly referred to as the “booted eagles.” Recently, the western part of Rajasthan has been identified as an important wintering stronghold for this species, highlighting India’s role in its survival. Appearance The Steppe Eagle is a large, bulky, and powerful-looking raptor. It i

04 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Shaurya Squadrons

The Indian Army has recently begun fielding Shaurya Squadrons, which are specialised drone units integrated into armoured regiments to enhance battlefield capabilities. About Shaurya Squadrons Shaurya Squadrons are dedicated drone sub-units embedded within armoured regiments. Their primary role is to provide real-time surveillance and precision-strike capability directly to tank commande

03 May,2026 GS-3 Internal Security

Reserve Bank of India

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) recently infused over ₹25,000 crore into the banking system through a 3-day Variable Rate Repo (VRR) auction. Prior to this, it had already injected around ₹3.5 lakh crore through Open Market Operations (OMO) since January 2026, indicating active liquidity management. What is Variable Rate Repo (VRR)? About The Variable Rate Repo (VRR) is a short-term l

03 May,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

SWOT Satellite

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration has recently created a high-resolution map of the ocean floor using data from the SWOT satellite. This breakthrough improves understanding of ocean topography, currents, and underwater features. About SWOT Satellite The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite is a joint mission between NASA and the French space agency CNES. It

03 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Qader Cruise Missile

Recently, Iran fired Qader cruise missiles targeting the USS Abraham Lincoln, highlighting its naval strike capabilities. About Qader Cruise Missile The Qader cruise missile is a medium-range, shore-based anti-ship cruise missile developed by Iran and deployed by its naval forces. It is primarily designed to target enemy ships and naval assets. Features of Qader Missile It is

02 May,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Sperm Whale

Researchers from the University of St Andrews have, for the first time, recorded sperm whales headbutting each other on camera. This rare observation provides new insights into their social and possibly competitive behaviour. About Sperm Whale The Sperm Whale is the largest of all toothed whales and is easily recognized by its massive square-shaped head and narrow lower jaw. It possesses th

01 May,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

India’s Smartphone

India’s emergence as a global manufacturing hub, particularly in electronics, reflects a strategic shift from IT services to manufacturing. The Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme for smartphones (2020) has played a pivotal role by boosting production, exports, and employment, while enabling integration into global value chains (GVCs). Performance Outcomes of the Smartphone PLI Th

01 May,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Titanium

A recent study conducted by researchers from the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur and the Physical Research Laboratory has decoded the composition of titanium-rich rocks on the Moon. This finding is significant because it enhances our understanding of the Moon’s geological history and mineral composition. About Titanium Titanium is an important metallic element that is wid

30 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

National Biodiversity Authority

The National Biodiversity Authority has recently launched a short-term internship programme for students pursuing graduation and post-graduation. This programme will be offered for a duration of up to three months and aims to provide students with practical exposure to biodiversity conservation and policy frameworks.this initiative promotes awareness and capacity building among young scholars

30 Apr,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Disaster Risk and Funding in India

India is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world, with varying levels of vulnerability across different States. Odisha stands out due to its long coastline and frequent exposure to severe cyclones. Over the past two decades, Odisha has significantly improved its disaster preparedness by investing in early warning systems, evacuation mechanisms, and resilient infrastructure, reduc

30 Apr,2026 GS-3 Disaster Management

Kolleru Lake

Recent observations by environmental activists indicate that the Kolleru Lake has experienced a significant decline in ecological health over the past 50 years. This raises serious concerns, as the lake is one of India’s most important freshwater ecosystems and supports both biodiversity and local livelihoods. The decline of Kolleru Lake reflects a broader challenge of wetland degradatio

29 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Regional Rural Banks (RRBs)

A Parliamentary panel has recommended launching Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) for financially strong Regional Rural Banks (RRBs). The objective is to unlock their value, attract private investment, and improve corporate governance standards. An IPO refers to the process through which a company offers its shares to the public for the first time and becomes listed on a stock exchange.The proposal

29 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

National AI Skilling Initiative

Recently, the Government of India launched the National AI Skilling Initiative to enhance artificial intelligence capabilities in the creative and media sectors. The initiative has been introduced by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting in collaboration with Google and YouTube. Objective of the Initiative The National AI Skilling Initiative is designed to strengthen expertise in

29 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Akasha300 3D Printer

A Kerala-based start-up has delivered the Akasha300 3D Printer to the Indian Space Research Organisation, marking a significant step toward India’s self-reliance in advanced manufacturing technologies. About Akasha300 3D Printer The Akasha300 is a high-temperature, multi-material extrusion 3D printer designed for industrial and research applications. It has been developed with support

29 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Minimum Wages

Public employment programmes play a crucial role in rural welfare in India, especially the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA). A new framework, the proposed Viksit Bharat Guarantee for Rozgar and Ajeevika Mission (Gramin) Act, has emerged to strengthen rural employment. However, the success of both initiatives depends largely on one key factor—wage determina

29 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Bill, 2025

The Lok Sabha has passed the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Bill, 2025, introducing 12 key amendments to the IBC, 2016. The amendments aim to maximize stakeholder value, enforce strict resolution timelines, and align Indian insolvency law with global best practices, including cross-border insolvency frameworks. Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016 The IBC

29 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Smog-Eating Photocatalytic Coating

Recently, the Delhi government in collaboration with the Indian Institute of Technology Madras has initiated studies on “smog-eating” photocatalytic coatings for roads. The aim is to explore innovative solutions to tackle worsening air pollution, particularly in urban environments like Delhi. About Smog-Eating Photocatalytic Coating Smog-eating photocatalytic coating is a spe

28 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Sahiwal Cattle

Recently, the Indian Council of Agricultural Research–Indian Veterinary Research Institute successfully produced indigenous Sahiwal cattle calves using advanced reproductive technologies such as ultrasound-guided ovum pick-up, in vitro fertilization, and embryo transfer (OPU–IVF–ET). This marks a significant step in scientific breeding and conservation of indigenous cattle br

28 Apr,2026 GS-3 Economics of Animal-Rearing

Customs Duty Exemption on Petrochemicals

The Government of India has announced a full customs duty exemption on 40 critical petrochemical products until 30th June 2026. This decision has been taken to address cost pressures and supply chain disruptions caused by ongoing geopolitical tensions in West Asia. What are Petrochemical Products? Petrochemical products are fundamental chemical building blocks derived from petroleum or

28 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

FCRA Amendment Bill, 2026

The Union Government recently deferred discussion on the FCRA Amendment Bill, 2026, sparking political controversy, particularly in the context of the upcoming Kerala Assembly elections. About the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act (FCRA) The FCRA is a key legislation that regulates the acceptance and utilisation of foreign funds by individuals, NGOs, and associations operating in In

28 Apr,2026 GS-3 Money-Laundering & its Prevention

Global Terrorism Index 2026

The Global Terrorism Index 2026 has been recently published by the Institute for Economics and Peace. The report assesses the global impact of terrorism and provides rankings for countries based on terrorism-related indicators. About Global Terrorism Index (GTI) The Global Terrorism Index is a comprehensive annual study that: Covers 163 countries, representing 99.7% of the world&rsq

27 Apr,2026 GS-3 Linkages of Organized Crime with Terrorism

Mutual Credit Guarantee Scheme (MCGS)

The Government of India has recently modified the Mutual Credit Guarantee Scheme (MCGS) in line with Budget 2025–26. The revised scheme aims to strengthen financial support for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), especially manufacturers and exporters, by improving access to credit for investment in machinery and equipment. About Mutual Credit Guarantee Scheme The Mutual Credi

27 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Credit Guarantee Scheme for Microfinance Institutions–2.0

The Government of India has recently introduced the Credit Guarantee Scheme for Microfinance Institutions–2.0 (CGSMFI-2.0) to strengthen credit flow to the microfinance sector and improve financial inclusion for small borrowers. About the Scheme The Credit Guarantee Scheme for Microfinance Institutions–2.0 aims to provide a credit guarantee cover to Banks and Financial Instit

27 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

INS Taragiri

The Indian Navy is preparing to commission its latest stealth frigate, INS Taragiri (F41), on 03 April 2026. This marks a significant addition to India’s indigenous naval capability under the Project 17A programme. About INS Taragiri INS Taragiri (F41) is the fourth ship of the Nilgiri-class (Project 17A) stealth frigates, constructed by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilding Limited (MDL).

27 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Shaheen Falcon

Recently, a pair of Shaheen Falcon was found nesting in a multi-storey residential complex under construction in Kochi. This highlights the bird’s adaptability to urban environments and raises awareness about its conservation. About Shaheen Falcon The Shaheen Falcon is a non-migratory subspecies of the Peregrine falcon, scientifically known as Falco peregrinus peregrinator. It is a

27 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

India’s Growth Claims

India has consistently been portrayed as one of the fastest-growing major economies in the world, with strong GDP figures reinforcing a narrative of sustained economic progress. However, for ordinary citizens, everyday realities—such as employment opportunities, wage growth, inflation, and business stability—often tell a different story. This contrast raises a critical question: do

27 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary

Recently, the National Board for Wildlife approved a proposal of the Assam Government to rationalise the boundary of the Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary. This decision aims to improve habitat management and strengthen conservation measures in the sanctuary. Location and Establishment The Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the state of Assam. It was established in 1998 to protect the r

26 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Prosopis juliflora

Recently, the Madras High Court issued 34 directions for the eradication of the invasive species Prosopis juliflora from Tamil Nadu. The court’s intervention highlights growing concerns over ecological degradation caused by invasive species. About Prosopis juliflora Prosopis juliflora is a thorny shrub or small tree belonging to the Fabaceae (legume) family, commonly known as a type of

26 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Neodymium-Iron-Boron (NdFeB) Magnets

A pilot plant for manufacturing Nd-Fe-B rare earth permanent magnets was recently inaugurated at the International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI) in Hyderabad. This initiative strengthens India’s capabilities in advanced materials and strategic technologies. About Neodymium-Iron-Boron Magnets NdFeB magnets are the strongest permanent m

25 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve

Recently, the government of Tamil Nadu informed the Madras High Court that illegal resorts operating within the eco-sensitive zone of the Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve have been locked and sealed. This step aims to curb environmental violations and protect fragile wildlife habitats. About Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve Location and Landscape The Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve is located in

25 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Methane

Recent satellite data analysed by Carbon Mapper revealed that 15 of the world’s top 25 methane emission sites in 2025 from the oil and gas sector are located in Turkmenistan. This highlights the global significance of methane emissions and the urgent need to address them in climate action strategies. About Methane Methane (CH₄) is a potent greenhouse gas responsible for rou

25 Apr,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Environmental CSR

India has established a strong corporate governance framework through the Companies Act, 2013, which made Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) mandatory for eligible companies. This was intended to channel corporate profits into social development and national priorities. However, despite its progressive intent, environmental sustainability has remained a relatively underfunded area within

24 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

World Happiness Report

The UN-backed World Happiness Report 2026 has highlighted a growing concern that heavy social media usage is negatively affecting the well-being of young people across many countries. The report suggests that increased digital engagement, particularly among youth, is linked to reduced mental well-being, raising concerns about the broader social and psychological impacts of technology-driven li

24 Apr,2026 GS-3 Economic Index

Adipose Tissue

Recent scientific studies have highlighted that adipose tissue (body fat) is not merely a passive storage site for excess calories. Instead, it functions as a dynamic metabolic and endocrine organ that plays a crucial role in regulating energy balance, hormones, and overall metabolism in the human body. About Adipose Tissue Adipose tissue, commonly known as body fat, is a type of connect

24 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Cotton Corporation of India (CCI)

The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) has approved Minimum Support Price (MSP) funding to the Cotton Corporation of India (CCI) for the cotton season 2023–24. This decision is aimed at ensuring that cotton farmers receive remunerative prices when market prices fall below the government-declared MSP, thereby protecting their income and stabilizing the cotton market. About Co

23 Apr,2026 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

MXene-Based

Researchers at IIT Guwahati have developed a MXene-based catalyst capable of performing two critical functions: Efficient hydrogen production from water Acting as a photocatalyst for desalination This dual functionality makes it a promising material for sustainable energy generation and clean water technologies. About MXenes MXenes are a family of two-dimension

22 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Melanoma

A recent study conducted by the National Institutes of Health has found that cholesterol present in the membrane surrounding the cell nucleus may help melanoma spread. A key point is that this discovery provides new insight into how cancer cells grow and spread, which may help in developing targeted treatments in the future. What is Melanoma? Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that begins

21 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Floating LiDAR Buoy System

The National Institute of Ocean Technology has successfully tested an indigenously developed Floating LiDAR Buoy System off the coast of Muttom. What is a Floating LiDAR Buoy System? The Floating LiDAR Buoy System is a high-tech ocean-based instrument used to measure wind and atmospheric conditions over the sea. It combines: A floating buoy platform LiDAR technology (Li

21 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Exercise Sea Dragon 2026

The Indian Navy is participating in Exercise Sea Dragon 2026, a multinational anti-submarine warfare (ASW) exercise led by the United States Navy. The exercise involves several partner nations and focuses on enhancing maritime security cooperation and operational coordination in the Indo-Pacific region. About Exercise Sea Dragon Exercise Sea Dragon is an annual multinational anti-submari

21 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Nagoya Protocol

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has recently submitted India’s First National Report on the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) to the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). This report highlights India’s progress in implementing international rules related to the use of genetic resources

20 Apr,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

V.O. Chidambaranar Port

The V.O. Chidambaranar Port (Tamil Nadu) has become the first port in India to launch a Digital Twin-based port management system. This initiative aligns with the government’s broader maritime modernization goals under Maritime India Vision 2030 and Amrit Kaal Vision 2047. The objective is to make port operations more efficient, predictive, and technology-driven. What is the Digital T

20 Apr,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Kisan Credit Card (KCC) Scheme

The Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme, supported by the Modified Interest Subvention Scheme (MISS), is designed to provide timely, affordable, and collateral-free institutional credit to farmers and allied sectors. The main aim is to improve agricultural productivity and ensure financial security for farmers by reducing dependence on informal and high-interest sources of credit. Evolution of t

20 Apr,2026 GS-3 Issues Related to Direct & Indirect Farm Subsidies & Minimum Support Prices

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)

The Government of Gujarat has launched an intensive statewide vaccination campaign to control the spread of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD). The main objective of this campaign is to prevent outbreaks in livestock, protect animal health, and reduce economic losses for farmers and the dairy industry. Since FMD spreads very rapidly, large-scale vaccination is considered essential for effective cont

20 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Kanha Tiger Reserve

The Kaziranga National Park and Tiger Reserve has recently completed all necessary formalities to translocate around 50 wild Asiatic water buffaloes to Kanha Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh. This translocation will be done in a phase-wise manner to ensure safety and proper adaptation of the animals in the new habitat. In the first phase, a small number of buffaloes (around 5–15 indivi

20 Apr,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

China’s Xiaokang Villages

India’s military leadership has raised concerns over China’s large-scale construction of around 628 “Xiaokang” villages along the Line of Actual Control (LAC). Reports suggest that nearly 90% of these villages facing Arunachal Pradesh are part of a broader strategy to strengthen China’s territorial claims. What are Xiaokang Border Defence Villages? The term

20 Apr,2026 GS-3 Internal Security

Defence Forces Vision 2047

The Defence Minister of India has unveiled the “Defence Forces Vision 2047: A Roadmap for a Future-Ready Indian Military.” This document has been prepared by the Headquarters Integrated Defence Staff (IDS). It provides a long-term plan to transform the Indian Armed Forces into an integrated, technologically advanced, and multi-domain force by 2047, coinciding with 100 years of Indi

20 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Petroglyphs

Researchers have recently discovered two ancient rock carvings, known as petroglyphs, on a flat rock inside a rock shelter located on a hill behind the Beerappa Temple in Manchirevula. This finding adds to the growing evidence of prehistoric human activity in the region. Such discoveries help in understanding early human culture and artistic expression in India. What are Petroglyphs? Pe

19 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS)

Recently, U.S.-based Sentynl Therapeutics, a part of Zydus Lifesciences, signed an agreement with South Korea’s PRG S&T to develop a drug called Progerinin. This medicine is being developed as an oral pill to treat Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome, a rare genetic condition that causes rapid aging in children. This development is significant because Progerinin represents a potent

19 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Sejjil Missile

The Sejjil missile is one of Iran’s most advanced medium-range ballistic missiles. It is a two-stage missile that uses solid fuel, and its development began in the early 1990s before its first successful test in 2008. It is considered a key component of Iran’s strategic missile program. Design and Range The missile is approximately 18 metres long, with a diameter of about 1.2

19 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Dimethyl Ether (DME)

Recently, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research – National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), in collaboration with an industry partner, announced that it is ready to scale up Dimethyl Ether (DME) technology to an industrial-scale demonstration. This development is significant as it promotes clean fuel alternatives and supports India’s transition towards sustainable ene

18 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Great Indian Bustard (GIB)

Recently, the Government of India informed that Project Great Indian Bustard (GIB) has entered the fourth year of its captive breeding programme. This programme is a crucial conservation effort aimed at increasing the population of the species and preventing its extinction, as the bird is on the brink of disappearing from the wild. About the Great Indian Bustard The Great Indian Bustard

18 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

Recently, the United Nations Environment Programme released a report titled “Safe Disposal of Unused Medicines”, which highlights that the improper disposal of medicines poses serious risks to both environmental and public health. The report emphasizes that pharmaceutical waste can contaminate water and soil, harm ecosystems, and contribute to antimicrobial resistance, making it

18 Apr,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

AI-Powered Tax Governance in India

India continues to face a persistent fiscal challenge of a low tax-to-GDP ratio and widespread tax evasion. Between 2001 and 2022, the average tax-GDP ratio remained around 16.36%, which is relatively low compared to many emerging economies. In addition, it is estimated that nearly 4.3% of tax revenue is lost annually due to evasion. To address these challenges, India has increasingly adopted A

18 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

New GDP Series (Base Year 2022–23)

The Government of India has released a revised Gross Domestic Product (GDP) series with the base year shifted to 2022–23, marking a major reform in the country’s national accounting system. The revision was announced on 27 February 2026 by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. The main purpose of this revision is to replace the outdated 2011–12 base year

18 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Fiscal Health Index (FHI) 2026

Recently, the NITI Aayog released the second edition of the Fiscal Health Index (FHI) 2026 to evaluate the fiscal performance of Indian states. The report is particularly significant in the present context as global public debt has surged to nearly USD 102 trillion in 2024, placing increasing pressure on public finances worldwide. This makes fiscal discipline and sustainability at the state

18 Apr,2026 GS-3 Economic Index

Deepor Beel

Recent reports indicate that illegal earth cutting is continuing in a wetland area connected to Deepor Beel in the Satmile region of Guwahati. This is happening despite prohibitory orders by the district administration and restrictions imposed by the Gauhati High Court, raising serious concerns about wetland degradation and ecological damage. About Deepor Beel Deepor Beel is a permane

17 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Acrylonitrile

Recent computer simulations suggest that acrylonitrile, an organic compound present on Titan, may have the ability to self-assemble into cell-like membrane structures. This discovery is significant as it opens new possibilities in the study of extraterrestrial life and alternative biochemistry. About Acrylonitrile Acrylonitrile is an organic compound that is industrially produced thro

17 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Maharashtra Farm Loan Waiver 2026

The Government of Maharashtra has announced the Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Farmers Loan Waiver Scheme, involving an outlay of ₹35,000 crore. This marks the state’s third farm loan waiver in a decade, covering overdue crop loans up to ₹2 lakh (as of 30th September 2025), along with incentives of up to ₹50,000 for farmers who have regularly repaid their loans. While the scheme a

17 Apr,2026 GS-3 Issues Related to Direct & Indirect Farm Subsidies & Minimum Support Prices

Carbon Credit Programme

The announcement of a ₹20,000 crore allocation for a carbon credit programme in the Union Budget 2026 has created significant public debate and confusion. A major point of misunderstanding is whether this fund is intended for industrial carbon capture technologies or whether it is designed to generate a new income stream for farmers through carbon credits. Official Intent: Focus on Indus

17 Apr,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

True Innovation-Led Economy

India has demonstrated strong policy intent to become an innovation-driven economy through significant funding commitments, regulatory reforms, and institutional support. However, despite this momentum, the country continues to face structural challenges that limit its ability to convert scientific potential into global technological leadership. The core issue is not a lack of ambition, but a

16 Apr,2026 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

High-Energy Proton Accelerator System

Visakhapatnam has been selected as the site for a high-energy proton accelerator system that will support India’s long-term nuclear energy strategy, particularly its three-stage nuclear power programme and the utilisation of thorium resources through Accelerator-Driven Systems (ADS). The project is being developed by the Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology (RRCAT), Indore. The

16 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

LIGO-India Project

India’s ambitious LIGO-India project, proposed in Hingoli district of Maharashtra, is currently facing significant implementation delays. This has raised concerns about whether the project will meet its timeline, although the government has reiterated its commitment to complete it by 2030. The delay is important because the project is a key part of the global scientific effort to detect

16 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Peptide Therapeutics

Peptide therapeutics are gaining significant attention globally in both research and clinical practice. This is mainly due to their high specificity, better safety profile, and targeted action, which make them promising for treating diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders. About Peptides Peptides are short chains of amino acids that are naturally present in the human

16 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Spotted Hyena

A recent study has highlighted the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) as an unexpected “eco-warrior” in Ethiopia’s second-largest city, Mekelle. The research shows that hyenas play an important ecological and sanitary role in urban environments by scavenging waste and helping reduce the spread of disease by consuming organic refuse and carcasses. This unusual adaptation reflects

15 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

India’s Renewable Energy Transition

At the Bharat Climate Forum 2026, policymakers and system planners highlighted a major structural shift in India’s clean energy transition. India has already crossed 50% non-fossil fuel installed power capacity, marking a significant milestone. However, the main challenge is no longer insufficient generation capacity. Instead, transmission congestion and cautious grid operations have become

15 Apr,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and National Security

The rapid growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in areas such as defence, surveillance, and geopolitics has made it a key factor in national security. Countries like India are increasingly focusing on AI sovereignty to protect their strategic and technological independence in a competitive global environment. Role of AI in Promoting National Security Enhancing Military Capabilities A

14 Apr,2026 GS-3 Internal Security

Silent Valley National Park

A recent comprehensive bird survey in Silent Valley National Park has recorded 192 bird species, highlighting the rich avian biodiversity of this ecologically sensitive rainforest region. The findings reaffirm the park’s status as one of India’s most important biodiversity hotspots. Location and Geography Silent Valley National Park is located in the southwestern part of the

13 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Doomsday Fish

Recently, two giant oarfish—popularly known as “doomsday fish”—were spotted near the shore in Cabo San Lucas. This is considered an extremely rare event, as these creatures usually inhabit deep ocean waters and seldom come to the surface. About Doomsday Fish (Oarfish) The oarfish, scientifically known as Regalecus glesne, is a deep-sea fish often referred to as th

13 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

DART Mission

A recent study has shown that the DART Mission not only changed the motion of an asteroid within its own system but also slightly altered the orbit of the entire asteroid pair around the Sun. This is an important finding because it proves that planetary defense actions can have wider cosmic effects than previously understood. About DART Mission The DART (Double Asteroid Redirection Test)

12 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Sheshnaag-150

The Sheshnaag-150 is a cutting-edge long-range swarm attack drone being developed in India. It represents a major advancement in AI-driven autonomous warfare systems and highlights the growing role of private startups like NewSpace Research and Technologies in defense innovation. About Sheshnaag-150 Sheshnaag-150 is designed as a long-range collaborative swarm drone capable of carrying o

12 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

UN Report on Migratory Species

The interim update of the UN State of the World’s Migratory Species Report 2024 highlights a worrying global trend, stating that 49% of migratory species populations are declining under the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals. Key Findings of the Report Population Decline and Rising Extinction Risk The report shows that nearly half of all CMS-list

11 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Exercise LAMITIYE

An Indian Armed Forces contingent is participating in the 11th edition of Exercise LAMITIYE-2026 with the Seychelles Defence Forces in Seychelles. This reflects the continued strengthening of defence ties between the two nations. About Exercise LAMITIYE Exercise LAMITIYE is a joint military exercise conducted between India and Seychelles. The term “LAMITIYE” means “Frie

11 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Anavaran Portal

Recently, the Forest Survey of India discontinued its Anavaran Deforestation Alert System, which was designed to monitor forest cover loss across the country. About Anavaran Portal The Anavaran Portal is a digital monitoring system that has been operational since January 2024. It was developed to track deforestation and forest cover loss using advanced technologies. The system enabled

11 Apr,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

India has submitted its 7th National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity, providing a comprehensive assessment of progress toward 23 National Biodiversity Targets (NBTs) and 142 indicators aligned with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. The report highlights that only two out of the 23 targets are currently on track, while others lack quantitative evidence and

11 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)

Recently, Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) has been reported to be spreading rapidly across the West Coast of the United States, raising concerns among health authorities due to its highly contagious nature. About Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory virus that belongs to the Pneumoviridae family, which also includes Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). It

10 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

White Phosphorus

Recently, the Human Rights Watch accused Israel of unlawfully using white phosphorus over residential areas in southern Lebanon. About White Phosphorus White phosphorus (also known as yellow phosphorus) is a waxy solid substance that appears white to yellow and emits a garlic-like odour. Key Properties It ignites spontaneously in air at temperatures above 30°C. O

10 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

BharatNet Project

Recently, the Government of India announced that under the BharatNet Project, the country has expanded its optical fibre network, 5G services, and digital public infrastructure to over 2.15 lakh Gram Panchayats. About BharatNet Project The BharatNet Project is a flagship initiative of the Government of India aimed at providing broadband connectivity to all Gram Panchayats (GPs) in the co

10 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

India’s Income Mobility Trends (2014–2025)

India’s income mobility trends between 2014 and 2025 indicate a worrying reversal, where a larger proportion of households are moving downward rather than upward in the income ladder. This trend raises serious concerns about the nature of economic growth, as it suggests that growth is not adequately translating into broad-based prosperity. Income mobility is an important indicator of

09 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Stenothoe lowryi

For the first time in India, a rare marine amphipod species named Stenothoe lowryi has been discovered in Indian waters. The species was identified by researchers from Berhampur University during a marine survey at Aryjapalli Beach in Odisha’s Ganjam district. Previously, this species was known only from the coastal waters of Malaysia, making its discovery in India significant for mar

09 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Kheybar Shekan Missile

Recently, Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) claimed that it used the Kheybar Shekan Missile to target key locations in Israel, including the office of Benjamin Netanyahu and an air force command centre. This incident highlights the growing military tensions in the region. About Kheybar Shekan Missile The Kheybar Shekan missile is Iran’s latest long-range ballist

09 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Syphilis

The World Health Organization (WHO) has certified Denmark for achieving the elimination of mother-to-child transmission (EMTCT) of HIV and syphilis. This milestone reflects strong public health measures and effective disease control strategies. About Syphilis Syphilis is a preventable and curable bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI). It can cause serious health complications if

08 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Koala

A recent study has highlighted that a rapid rebound in koala populations in southeastern Australia is also improving their genetic diversity, offering hope in reversing the risk of extinction. About Koala The Koala is an iconic animal of Australia. Although often called a “koala bear,” it is actually a marsupial, meaning it carries and nurtures its young in a pouch. Its scient

08 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

THAAD Missile System

Recent reports suggest that Iran has destroyed a key Terminal High Altitude Area Defence (THAAD) radar system used by the United States in the Middle East to detect and intercept incoming ballistic missiles. This development highlights the strategic importance of missile defence systems in modern warfare. About THAAD Missile System The THAAD Missile System (Terminal High Altitude Area De

08 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Dark Oxygen

Recently, scientists exploring the deep seafloor of the Pacific Ocean have discovered a phenomenon called “dark oxygen”, where oxygen is produced in complete darkness, without sunlight. This finding challenges existing scientific understanding about how oxygen is generated on Earth. What is Dark Oxygen? Dark oxygen refers to oxygen produced deep below the ocean surface

07 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Blue Sparrow Missile

Israel reportedly used the Blue Sparrow missile in a high-profile strike targeting Ayatollah Ali Khamenei in Tehran. This development has brought global attention to the missile’s capabilities and its evolving role in modern warfare. About Blue Sparrow Missile The Blue Sparrow missile is part of a family of air-launched ballistic missiles, which also includes the Black Sparrow and

07 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

India’s Export Performance

India’s exports have shown strong post-pandemic growth, reflecting its emergence as a resilient economy. The Economic Survey 2025-26 described India’s growth as “the envy of the world”, citing the country’s strong banking system, ample foreign reserves, and stable current account. This momentum is supported by targeted import substitution and strategic measures that i

06 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Striped Hyena

Tajikistan and Uzbekistan have recently proposed the inclusion of the striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) in Appendix I and II of the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS). This proposal will be discussed at the upcoming CMS COP15 (Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals), aiming to strengthen global conservation efforts for this species. About Striped Hyena Taxonom

06 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

G-SPIDER Robot

Recently, the Thiruvananthapuram Municipal Corporation has deployed the AI-powered G-SPIDER robot under the Swachh Bharat Mission–Urban 2.0. This initiative aims to improve urban sanitation and canal cleaning by reducing human involvement in hazardous environments. About G-SPIDER Robot The G-SPIDER robot is an automated canal-cleaning robot developed by Genrobotic Innovations. It i

05 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Mumps

Health authorities in Maryland, United States, have recently issued an alert due to a rise in mumps cases. This increase highlights the importance of continuous disease surveillance and vaccination efforts to prevent outbreaks. About Mumps Mumps is a contagious viral disease caused by the mumps virus, which belongs to the paramyxovirus group. It primarily affects the salivary glands, esp

05 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Sambar Deer

The Wildlife Wing of the Himachal Pradesh Forest Department recently recorded the presence of sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) in high-altitude protected areas of Chamba district using camera traps. This is the first confirmed observation of the species in these regions, highlighting their adaptability to higher altitudes. About Sambar Deer The sambar deer is a large deer species native to th

05 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

GPS Spoofing

Recently, it has been observed that GPS spoofing is creating a digital fog of war for aircraft flying near the UAE and Iran. This raises serious concerns about navigation safety, airspace security, and military operations in conflict-prone regions. What is GPS Spoofing? GPS spoofing, also known as GPS simulation, is the practice of tricking a GPS receiver by broadcasting false satellite

04 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

GPS Spoofing

04 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

EASE 9.0 Reforms

The EASE 9.0 reforms, launched in February 2026 by the Department of Financial Services, aim to transform India’s Public Sector Banks (PSBs) into globally competitive, technology-driven, and resilient institutions. The initiative aligns with the national vision of Viksit Bharat @2047 and emphasizes technology-led modernization, operational excellence, and socio-economic impact. Founda

04 Apr,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Shahed Drones

The United States has expressed serious concerns over the capabilities of Iran’s Shahed attack drones, highlighting their growing use in modern conflicts and their potential to disrupt regional security. About Shahed Drones Shahed (meaning “witness” in Farsi) drones are low-cost, one-way attack unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) developed by Iran. They are often c

04 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

India’s First Semiconductor Facility

Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated India’s first semiconductor facility at Sanand in Gujarat. This development marks a significant step in India’s efforts to build a domestic semiconductor ecosystem and reduce dependence on imports. About the Semiconductor Facility The semiconductor plant has been set up by Micron Technology as an Assembly, Testing, Marking, and Packagi

03 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Sharavathi Pumped Storage Hydroelectric Project

The High Court of Karnataka recently ordered the issuance of notices to both the Central and State governments regarding a Public Interest Litigation (PIL). The PIL questions the legality of approvals given by the State Wildlife Board and the Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife for the Sharavathi Pumped Storage Hydroelectric Project (PSHP). About the Project The Sharava

03 Apr,2026 GS-3 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

Missile Defence System

A missile defence system is a military setup designed to detect, track, intercept, and destroy incoming missiles before they reach their intended targets. Its main purpose is to protect civilian populations, military installations, and critical infrastructure. These systems rely on a coordinated network of satellites, radars, command centres, and interceptor missiles, which work together in re

02 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Rice Fortification

Rice fortification is the deliberate addition of essential vitamins and minerals to rice after harvesting, aimed at improving its nutritional quality. This process addresses hidden hunger, which is caused by micronutrient deficiencies, without changing the rice’s taste, appearance, or cooking properties. Polished white rice, the most commonly consumed form in India, loses 75–90%

02 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Dusky Eagle Owl

Recently, a pair of rare Dusky Eagle Owls was sighted in the Phato tourism zone of the Terai West forest division, adjacent to the Corbett Tiger Reserve in Uttarakhand. This is significant because such sightings had not been reported in this area for 15 years, indicating the presence of a stable or recovering population in the region. About the Dusky Eagle Owl The Dusky Eagle Owl (Bubo c

02 Apr,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Allied Sectors in India

India’s agricultural growth is increasingly supported by the allied sectors such as livestock, dairy, poultry, and fisheries, which play a crucial role in income generation, employment, and food security. Growth of Allied Sectors The allied sectors have shown consistent and stable growth in recent years. Livestock and fisheries have recorded annual growth rates of around 5&nda

01 Apr,2026 GS-3 Food Processing & Related Industries in India

Gypsum

Recently, scientists have been studying gypsum deposits in the Salar de Pajonales. This site has gained importance because gypsum is found both on Earth and on Mars, helping scientists understand planetary processes and the role of water in shaping surfaces. About Gypsum Gypsum is a sedimentary mineral mainly composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO₄·2H₂O) along with anhydr

01 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Carbon-14

The discovery of carbon-14 in 1940 by Martin Kamen and Samuel Ruben marked a major breakthrough in science. It enabled the development of radiocarbon dating, which revolutionised the way scientists determine the age of ancient artefacts and fossils. About Carbon-14 Carbon exists in three main isotopes: carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14. Carbon-12 and carbon-13 are stable isoto

01 Apr,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Indian Coast Guard

The Indian Coast Guard recently celebrated its 50th Raising Day, and Narendra Modi extended greetings, recognizing its vital role in protecting India’s maritime interests. The Indian Coast Guard has emerged as an important pillar of national security and maritime governance. About Indian Coast Guard The Indian Coast Guard is a maritime armed force under the Ministry of Defence. It was

22 Mar,2026 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Indian Coast Guard

22 Mar,2026 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Pechora Missile System

A Bengaluru-based defence company, Alpha Design Technologies Ltd (ADTL), has successfully upgraded the Pechora missile system of the Indian Air Force. This development reflects India’s emphasis on modernising legacy defence systems through indigenous technology. About Pechora Missile System The Pechora missile system, officially known as the S-125 Neva/Pechora, is a Soviet-origin mediu

21 Mar,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD)

A recent death in Karnataka due to Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD), also known as monkey fever, has brought renewed attention to this tick-borne viral disease, which can turn fatal if not detected early. About Kyasanur Forest Disease Kyasanur Forest Disease is a tick-borne viral haemorrhagic disease that is mainly found in southern India. It was first reported in 1957 in the Kyasanur Forest of

21 Mar,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Molybdenum Disulfide

Scientists have recently developed an ultra-thin electronic system using Molybdenum Disulfide that is only a few atoms thick. An important feature of this system is that high-energy particles can pass through it without causing damage, which makes it highly suitable for use in radiation-resistant electronic devices, especially in extreme environments such as space. What is Molybdenum Disulf

21 Mar,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

AI Data Centres

India has recently stepped up efforts to position itself as a global AI infrastructure hub by inviting international technology companies to establish large AI-focused data centres in the country. This move is aligned with India’s broader push toward digital transformation and technological leadership. About AI Data Centres AI data centres are advanced digital infrastructure

20 Mar,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Open Acreage Licensing Policy

Oil India Limited has undertaken seismic studies in the blocks awarded under the 9th round of OALP. This step has been taken to assess hydrocarbon potential and to formulate an effective bidding strategy for the upcoming 10th round. This development highlights the growing importance of data-driven exploration and strategic planning in India’s oil and gas sector. Introduction to OALP Th

20 Mar,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Grain ATM

The government of Bihar has recently approved the installation of three Grain ATM machines in Patna as part of a pilot project. The initiative is aimed at improving the efficiency, transparency, and accessibility of food grain distribution under the Public Distribution System (PDS). If successful, the model may be expanded to other regions. What is a Grain ATM? A Grain ATM, also known as

20 Mar,2026 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

Euratom

Recently, European Union and India reaffirmed their commitment to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy under the India–Euratom agreement. This highlights growing collaboration in safe, sustainable, and civilian nuclear technologies. What is Euratom? European Atomic Energy Community is an international organization established under the Treaty of Rome in 1957.

19 Mar,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Doomsday Clock

The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists has recently moved the Doomsday Clock to 85 seconds to midnight, which is the closest the world has ever been to global catastrophe. This change highlights increasing concerns about nuclear risks, climate change, and emerging technologies. About the Doomsday Clock The Doomsday Clock is a symbolic clock that represents how close humanity is to a globa

19 Mar,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Sacred Groves in India

Recent reports from Kapena village, Odisha, highlight how communal tensions between tribal communities and Christians have disrupted the practice and sanctity of tribal sacred groves. Sacred groves are not only cultural and religious spaces but also ecological treasures, conserved for generations by local communities. What Are Sacred Groves? Sacred groves are patches of virgin or near-natura

18 Mar,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Rat-Hole Mining

A major disaster unfolded in East Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya, when at least 18 workers died following an explosion in an illegally operating rat-hole coal mine. This incident highlights the continued prevalence of rat-hole mining despite bans imposed by the National Green Tribunal (NGT) and the Supreme Court of India. Rat-hole mining is driven by thin coal seams, livelihood dependence, and we

18 Mar,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Schizophrenia

Recent research analyzing data from more than half a million people has revealed that individuals with schizophrenia are more likely to have weaker bones and suffer fractures compared to the general population. What is Schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder that disrupts thought processes, perceptions, emotional responses, and social interactions. The severity an

18 Mar,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Bacillus subtilis

Recently, Kerala declared Bacillus subtilis as its “State microbe.” This recognition highlights the importance of this microorganism in agriculture, health, and scientific research. What is Bacillus subtilis? Bacillus subtilis is a type of beneficial (“good”) bacterium, commonly classified as a probiotic, meaning it can support healthy biological processes.

18 Mar,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Liberalised Remittances Scheme (LRS)

Recent data indicates that outward remittances by Indians under the Liberalised Remittances Scheme declined to $1.94 billion in November 2025, marking a two-year low. This decline was mainly due to a significant reduction in spending on foreign education, reflecting changing trends in overseas expenditure. About the Liberalised Remittances Scheme (LRS) The Liberalised Remittances S

17 Mar,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Red-Eared Slider Turtle

The Red-eared slider, an invasive freshwater turtle, has become a growing ecological concern in Coimbatore. Originally introduced through the pet trade, these turtles are now being released into local water bodies, threatening native aquatic biodiversity. Their uncontrolled release can disrupt freshwater ecosystems and harm native turtle species. About the Red-Eared Slider The red-eared

17 Mar,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

India’s Aviation Sector

India’s aviation sector has grown rapidly, becoming a major economic success story. However, regulatory oversight has not evolved at the same pace. Data-driven monitoring of fares and market behavior is essential to ensure fair competition, prevent market abuse, and shift from reactive crisis management to proactive regulation. Challenges in the Current Regulatory Framework Slow Re

17 Mar,2026 GS-3 Infrastructure

Forever Chemicals (PFAS)

Recent scientific studies of human blood samples collected between 2003 and 2021 have revealed that the levels of older PFAS, commonly known as “forever chemicals,” dropped by 86%. This reduction occurred because manufacturers stopped producing certain older PFAS compounds. What Are Forever Chemicals? Forever chemicals, scientifically referred to as PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalky

17 Mar,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Steel Slag

Recently, the Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and Technology in India advocated the wider adoption of steel slag–based road construction and repair technology, particularly in hilly and Himalayan regions. The initiative aims to promote sustainable infrastructure and efficient use of industrial waste. About Steel Slag Steel slag is an industrial by-product g

16 Mar,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Borax

A tragic incident was recently reported from Tamil Nadu, where a 19-year-old college student died after consuming borax for weight loss. The incident has raised serious concerns about the misuse of chemical substances for health or cosmetic purposes without medical guidance. About Borax Definition Borax is a naturally occurring mineral compound scientifically known as sodium tetrabora

15 Mar,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)

Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) has recently gained attention as a growing public health concern, particularly in India, due to increasing cases linked with obesity, diabetes, and unhealthy lifestyles. About MASLD Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is a chronic liver condition caused by excessive accumulation of fat in

15 Mar,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI)

Recently, the Union Cabinet of India approved equity support of ₹5,000 crore for the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI). This decision aims to strengthen SIDBI’s financial capacity to support Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and promote entrepreneurship across the country. About Small Industries Development Bank of India The Small Industries Development

15 Mar,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Central Silk Board (CSB)

Recently, the Government of India increased the financial approval limit of the Central Silk Board from ₹50 lakh to ₹1 crore by amending Rule 22 of the Central Silk Board Rules, 1955. This step is intended to improve administrative efficiency and speed up decision-making for projects related to the development of the silk industry in India. About Central Silk Board The Central Silk B

14 Mar,2026 GS-3 Food Processing & Related Industries in India

Responsible Nations Index (RNI)

Recently, India launched the Responsible Nations Index (RNI) at the Dr. Ambedkar International Centre. The index aims to evaluate countries not only on economic strength but also on their responsibility toward citizens, the environment, and the global community. About the Responsible Nations Index The Responsible Nations Index (RNI) is India’s first globally anchored index designed to

14 Mar,2026 GS-3 Economic Index

Indian Skimmer

Recently, the Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) launched a new conservation project under the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) in Dehradun to protect the Indian Skimmer in the Ganga Basin. The initiative aims to conserve this endangered riverine bird species and its fragile habitat. About the Indian Skimmer The Indian Skimmer is a unique water bird belonging to the genus Rynch

14 Mar,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

INS Sudarshini

The INS Sudarshini will undertake the flagship voyage of Lokayan 26, a 10-month transoceanic expedition covering over 22,000 nautical miles and visiting multiple international ports. The expedition highlights India’s maritime heritage, naval training, and international engagement. About INS Sudarshini INS Sudarshini is an indigenously built Sail Training Ship (STS) of the Indian Na

13 Mar,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

India’s Labour Codes

India’s labour reforms through the four labour codes represent a major transformation in the country’s labour governance framework. The reforms aim to integrate social security, income protection, and long-term financial safeguards into employment relationships. By expanding coverage and formalising employment structures, the labour codes seek to strengthen financial inclusion, wor

13 Mar,2026 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

Sodium-Ion Batteries

As batteries become the backbone of modern infrastructure—from electric vehicles to renewable energy storage—India’s heavy reliance on lithium-ion technology creates significant risks related to import dependence and critical mineral supply chains. In this context, Sodium-ion batteries (SiBs) are emerging as a safer, cost-effective, and resource-secure alternative. A strategi

13 Mar,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Disaster Victim Identification

The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) has released India’s first national guidelines titled “National Disaster Management Guidelines on Comprehensive Disaster Victim Identification and Management.” The document was released to mark 25 years of the 2001 Gujarat earthquake and aims to establish scientific procedures for identifying disaster victims and ensuring dign

12 Mar,2026 GS-3 Disaster Management

Circular Economy

The NITI Aayog launched three thematic reports on enhancing the circular economy in End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs), waste tyres, e-waste, and lithium-ion batteries at the International Material Recycling Conference organised by the Material Recycling Association of India in Jaipur. These reports highlight the growing waste challenge arising from rapid urbanisation, expansion of electric vehicl

12 Mar,2026 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Soft Matter

Soft matter is a sub-field of Condensed Matter Physics that studies materials which can be easily deformed by small external forces, thermal fluctuations, or environmental changes. These materials behave like solids at rest but can flow like liquids when stress is applied, making them extremely useful in everyday life and industrial applications. What is Soft Matter? Soft matter refers t

12 Mar,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

ICGS Sankalp

Recently, Indian Coast Guard Ship Sankalp visited Port Louis as part of its overseas deployment in the Indian Ocean Region. Such deployments strengthen maritime cooperation, security coordination, and diplomatic ties between India and friendly nations in the region. About ICGS Sankalp ICGS Sankalp is an Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) of the Indian Coast Guard that was commissioned in 2008. It

12 Mar,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)

Recently, an outbreak of Guillain‑Barré Syndrome (GBS) was reported in Neemuch district, with two deaths in Manasa. The disease is a rare but serious neurological disorder that can lead to muscle weakness and, in severe cases, paralysis. About Guillain-Barré Syndrome Guillain-Barré Syndrome is a rare autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system mista

12 Mar,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Chang’e-6 Mission

Lunar regolith brought back by China’s Chang’e-6 mission has revealed that the Moon formed from the remains of an ancient collision between an object and the Earth. About Chang’e-6 Mission Mission Type: It is the first human sampling and return mission from the far side of the Moon. Program: Part of China’s Chang’e lunar exploration program,

28 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Indian Bison (Gaur)

Recently, the population of the Indian Bison in Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary has recorded a remarkable increase of 189 individuals within a year, taking the total population to 848. This sharp rise reflects effective conservation management and habitat protection efforts in the sanctuary. About Indian Bison (Gaur) The Indian Bison, scientifically known as Bos gaurus, is the largest speci

28 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Integrated Ombudsman Scheme, 2026

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has unveiled the Reserve Bank – Integrated Ombudsman Scheme, 2026, aimed at enhancing efficiency and transparency in resolving customer complaints against banks and other regulated entities. About the Integrated Ombudsman Scheme, 2026 The Scheme is designed to improve grievance redressal mechanisms for customers of banks and financial instituti

28 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Irrawaddy Dolphin

The Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has launched the second nationwide range-wide estimation of riverine and estuarine dolphins under Project Dolphin. For the first time, this survey includes the Irrawaddy dolphin population in the Sundarbans and Odisha, marking an important step toward comprehensive conservation planning. About the Irrawaddy Dolphin

28 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Recently, researchers have developed a deep-learning tool named Disobind that can accurately predict how intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) attach to their binding partners. This advancement marks a significant step in understanding protein interactions that are crucial for cellular functioning and disease research. About Intrinsically Disordered Proteins Intrinsically disordered p

22 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Root Wilt Disease

Recently, phytoplasma-induced root wilt disease has destroyed large tracts of traditional coconut-growing areas in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala. The spread of the disease has raised serious concerns about coconut productivity and farmer livelihoods in southern India. About Root Wilt Disease Root Wilt Disease is caused by phytoplasma, a type of bacteria-like microorganism, and is con

22 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Vitamin A

Recently, researchers have uncovered new ways in which a vitamin A-derived molecule can interfere with the immune system’s ability to fight cancer. This discovery highlights the complex role of vitamin A and its derivatives in regulating immune responses and influencing disease outcomes. About Vitamin A Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that is primarily stored in the liver. It is

22 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Pufferfish

Recently, scientists confirmed India’s first documented case of pufferfish poisoning, raising serious concerns about food safety and public health in regions where fish consumption is common. The incident has drawn attention to the toxic nature of certain pufferfish species and the need for greater awareness. About Pufferfish Pufferfish belong to the order Tetraodontiformes, a grou

21 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Voyager 1

Recently, Voyager 1 is expected to become the first human-made object to reach a distance of one light-day from Earth. A light-day is the distance that light travels in one day, which is nearly 26 billion kilometres. This milestone further strengthens its position as the most distant human-made object in space. About Voyager 1 Voyager 1 is a space probe launched in 1977 by the NASA. The

21 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Cooperative Banks

Recently, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released a discussion paper inviting public comments on the issuance of new licences for cooperative banks. This has revived the long-standing debate on whether cooperative banks can be effectively regulated within India’s modern, prudential banking framework. The issue is not merely about licensing but about reconciling cooperative principles wi

20 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Growing Nuclear Threat

Global concern over nuclear security has intensified following the expiry of the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (New START) between the United States and Russia. With the lapse of the last major bilateral arms-control agreement between the world’s two largest nuclear powers, fears are rising that the international system may be entering a renewed and unconstrained nuclear arms race.

20 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

RBS-15 Missile

Swedish defence company Saab AB has recently demonstrated the capabilities of the RBS-15 missile, highlighting its potential to destroy key components of the Russian S-400 Triumf air defence system. This demonstration underscores the missile’s precision-strike capability and its relevance in modern warfare, particularly against advanced air defence networks. About the RBS-15 Missile

20 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Havana Syndrome

Havana Syndrome refers to a set of mental health and neurological symptoms experienced by some United States intelligence, diplomatic, and embassy personnel in various countries. Recently, the Pentagon is testing a covertly acquired device that emits pulsed radio waves, reopening discussions about the potential causes and mechanisms behind Havana Syndrome. About Havana Syndrome Hav

19 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Molecular Clouds

Astronomers have recently studied the L328 molecular cloud, which is located approximately 700 light years away from Earth. The study aimed to map the magnetic fields at multiple scales, providing new insights into how magnetic forces influence the formation and evolution of stars within molecular clouds. About Molecular Clouds A molecular cloud is an interstellar cloud of gas and dust i

19 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Gharial

The Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus), a critically endangered fish-eating crocodile, has recently been surveyed across the Ganga River basin. Despite facing serious threats to its survival, the survey revealed a population of 3,037 gharials inhabiting 13 rivers, providing hope for the conservation of this unique species. About Gharial The gharial is a freshwater crocodile belonging to the

19 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

India’s Development Path

The Economic Survey 2025–26 presents a structured roadmap for India’s rise amid global fragmentation, supply-chain realignments, technological disruption, and climate stress. Rather than adopting a defensive posture, it advocates “strategic sobriety”—a calm, long-term policy stance that balances optimism with prudence. The Survey aligns this approach with the broa

18 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Global Climate Governance

Global climate governance has entered a phase of renewed scrutiny. Despite nearly three decades of negotiations under the United Nations framework, the gap between climate ambition and real-world action continues to widen. Recent Conferences of the Parties (COPs), including COP30, have reinforced a growing perception that while diplomatic engagement remains active, implementation remains inade

18 Feb,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Tax rates

Following major policy reforms—lower income tax rates and a rationalised Goods and Services Tax (GST)—private consumption, which forms the bedrock of India’s economic growth, has shown resilience. Policy-led disinflation and monetary easing have temporarily strengthened consumer confidence. However, beneath this renewed optimism lie structural concerns such as rising household de

18 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Henley Passport Index 2026

The 2026 Henley Passport Index reflects significant shifts in global travel mobility, with Asian countries continuing to dominate the top ranks. The latest rankings highlight changing diplomatic alignments, global trust, and mobility trends. About the Henley Passport Index The Henley Passport Index is one of the most widely cited global passport rankings. It measures the strength of passport

18 Feb,2026 GS-3 Economic Index

Miyawaki Method

The Miyawaki Method is a revolutionary afforestation technique developed by Japanese botanist Akira Miyawaki in the 1970s. It is specifically designed to create dense, fast-growing forests in limited spaces, making it highly suitable for urban areas where green cover has declined over the decades. About the Miyawaki Method The technique involves planting trees and shrubs very close

18 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

White Dwarf

Astronomers have recently observed a White dwarf producing a colorful shockwave as it moves rapidly through space. This shockwave forms when the white dwarf travels at high speed through the interstellar medium, compressing gas and dust in its path. The discovery has renewed interest in understanding the late stages of stellar evolution. What is a White Dwarf? A white dwarf is the dense stel

17 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Artemis II Mission

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is preparing for the rollout of its powerful Space Launch System rocket for the Artemis II mission. The mission is expected to send humans around the Moon as early as the first week of February, marking a major milestone in lunar exploration. About Artemis II Mission Artemis II will be the first mission since 1972 to carry humans to th

17 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Urban Cooperative Banks

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has proposed resuming the issuance of licenses for Urban Cooperative Banks (UCBs) after nearly two decades. This move is expected to strengthen the cooperative banking sector and improve financial inclusion in urban and semi-urban areas. About Urban Cooperative Banks (UCBs) Urban Cooperative Banks are primary cooperative banks located in urban and semi-urb

17 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Export Preparedness Index (EPI)

The NITI Aayog has released the Export Preparedness Index (EPI) 2024, which assesses the export readiness of India’s States and Union Territories (UTs). This is the fourth edition of the index, with the first edition having been published in August 2020. About the Export Preparedness Index (EPI) 2024 The Export Preparedness Index is a comprehensive assessment tool designed to evalu

17 Feb,2026 GS-3 Economic Index

Huntington’s Disease

Huntington’s Disease (HD) has long been considered an incurable neurodegenerative disorder. However, recent scientific research has shown promising advancements, offering fresh hope for developing therapies that may slow down or modify the progression of the disease. What is Huntington’s Disease? Huntington’s disease is a rare, inherited neurodegenerative disorder in which

17 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Huntington’s Disease

17 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Mustard Crop

The mustard crop has recently shown increasing susceptibility to infestation by Orobanche aegyptiaca, a parasitic weed that significantly reduces crop productivity. The growing spread of this parasite has raised concerns regarding oilseed production and farmer income, especially in major mustard-growing regions. About Mustard Crop Mustard is an important Rabi season oilseed crop cultivat

16 Feb,2026 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

Bannerghatta National Park

The Central Empowered Committee (CEC) has recommended that the Ecologically Sensitive Zone (ESZ) around Bannerghatta National Park be restored to its original 2016 extent. The recommendation aims to strengthen environmental protection around the park amid concerns over urban expansion and ecological pressure from Bengaluru. About Bannerghatta National Park Bannerghatta National Park (BNP

16 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Menkes Disease

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has recently approved Zycubo (copper histidinate) as the first treatment for Menkes disease in pediatric patients. This marks a significant breakthrough in the management of this rare and life-threatening genetic disorder. About Menkes Disease Menkes disease is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body’s ability to absorb, transport, and regula

16 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Graphene

Recently, researchers developed a flexible graphene-based capacitive sensor fabricated on a paper substrate using pencil-drawn interdigitated electrodes (IDEs). About Graphene Graphene is an allotrope of carbon, similar to diamond and graphite. It is a two-dimensional material consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice structure. The stac

15 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

National Environmental Standard Laboratory (NESL)

The CSIR–National Physical Laboratory has recently established the National Environmental Standard Laboratory (NESL) to strengthen India’s environmental monitoring and standardisation framework. This initiative aims to enhance the accuracy, reliability, and credibility of air pollution and environmental data in the country. About National Environmental Standard Laboratory (NESL)

15 Feb,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Osteoarthritis

Recently, scientists at Stanford University identified a key protein called 15-PGDH, which is linked to cartilage loss during aging. This discovery is considered a major breakthrough, as it may lead to new therapeutic strategies for osteoarthritis, particularly in elderly populations. About Osteoarthritis Arthritis is a broad term that refers to inflammation of the joints. Osteoart

14 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Charophytes

Recent research conducted across 27 test lakes in northeastern Germany has revealed a significant increase in the abundance of charophytes. This finding is important because charophytes are considered key indicators of healthy freshwater ecosystems, particularly in lakes. About Charophytes Charophytes are a type of green algae that are regarded as the closest living relatives of land

14 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Context Window in AI

In the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly in relation to Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-5 and Claude, the concept of a context window has gained significant attention. The context window refers to the maximum amount of text a model can consider at one time while generating a response. It determines how much information the model can “remember” during a

14 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Central Ground Water Board

The Central Ground Water Board recently published its Annual Ground Water Quality Report – 2025, which revealed that Andhra Pradesh is among the states facing widespread groundwater contamination as per the standards prescribed by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). This finding highlights serious concerns regarding drinking water safety, public health, and sustainable groundwater m

14 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Indian Giant Squirrel

During the ongoing All India Tiger Estimation 2026 survey, the Indian Giant Squirrel, Maharashtra’s state animal, was recently sighted in the Atwan region of the Pune Forest Division. Locally known as Shekru, its sighting highlights the biodiversity richness of the region. About the Indian Giant Squirrel The Indian giant squirrel, also known as the Malabar Giant Squirrel, is a larg

13 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

India’s E-Commerce Sector

India’s e-commerce sector has emerged as a key driver of digital and consumption-led growth, expanding beyond metropolitan cities into Tier-II and Tier-III towns. Valued at approximately $125 billion in 2024, the sector is projected to reach $345 billion by 2030. This expansion is supported by rising internet penetration, smartphone adoption, and seamless digital payments. The rapi

13 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) Communication Technology

The Government of India is preparing to roll out Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication technology by the end of 2026. This initiative is aimed at strengthening road safety, reducing accidents, and enhancing intelligent transportation systems in the country. About Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) Communication Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication is a direct wireless communication system that

12 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Phayre’s Leaf Monkey

Recently, it was reported that rapid habitat destruction is forcing the arboreal Phayre’s leaf monkey to alter its natural behavioural patterns. This development raises concerns about the long-term survival of the species. About Phayre’s Leaf Monkey The Phayre’s leaf monkey (Trachypithecus phayrei) is a species of Old World monkey. It is both diurnal (active during the

12 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Exercise Sanjha Shakti

The Indian Army recently conducted Exercise ‘Sanjha Shakti’, a joint Military–Civil Fusion (MCF) exercise, at the Dighi Hills Range (Diggi Range), Khadki Military Station. The exercise was organised under the aegis of the Maharashtra, Gujarat and Goa Area of the Southern Command. About Exercise Sanjha Shakti Exercise Sanjha Shakti is a joint Military–Civil Fusion

12 Feb,2026 GS-3 Internal Security

Boeing E-4B Nightwatch

Amid heightened geopolitical tensions, the Boeing E-4B Nightwatch, widely known as the “Doomsday Plane,” made a rare public appearance in Los Angeles, drawing significant attention. The aircraft is one of the most secretive and strategically critical assets in the United States military. About Boeing E-4B Nightwatch The Boeing E-4B Nightwatch serves as the National Airborne O

12 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Fiscal Focus

In the Union Budget 2026–27, the Government of India has shifted its fiscal focus from merely targeting the annual fiscal deficit to prioritising the debt-to-GDP ratio. This reflects a move toward ensuring medium-term fiscal sustainability rather than concentrating only on short-term deficit numbers. About Fiscal Policy Fiscal policy refers to the manner in which the Government of

12 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Scramjet Engine

Recently, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted ground testing of a full-scale, actively cooled, long-duration Scramjet engine as part of India’s Hypersonic Missile Programme. This marks a major milestone in India’s indigenous hypersonic technology capabilities. What is a Scramjet Engine? A Scramjet (Supersonic Combustion Ramjet) is a

11 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Aerosols

A recent study has highlighted that water vapour contributes more to atmospheric heating than aerosols. However, aerosols continue to play a complex and significant role in influencing climate, air quality, and human health. About Aerosols Aerosols are fine solid or liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere. They typically remain in the atmosphere for a few days to weeks before settli

11 Feb,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Deep Tech Ecosystem

The Union Budget 2026–27 reflects a significant policy shift from merely allocating funds for technology growth to building comprehensive technology ecosystems. The emphasis is now equally placed on infrastructure creation, manufacturing capability, skill development, and governance support, signalling a long-term vision for strengthening India’s deep tech landscape. Key Budgeta

11 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS)

The Union Budget 2026–27 has proposed an outlay of ₹20,000 crore over five years for the development of Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) technologies. This allocation aligns with India’s long-term commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2070, while acknowledging that industrial growth and energy demand will continue to rise in the near and medium term. What

11 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Union Budget 2026–27

The Union Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs presented the Union Budget 2026–27 in Parliament, marking the first Budget to be prepared in the newly inaugurated Kartavya Bhawan. The Budget has been framed as a Yuva Shakti–driven Budget, anchored in the long-term vision of Viksit Bharat. It is guided by the principles of Action over Ambivalence, Reform over Rhetoric, and Pe

10 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Grey Slender Loris

Recently, the states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu have initiated efforts to restore habitats and strengthen monitoring mechanisms for the conservation of the grey slender loris, a rare and threatened primate species found in southern India. About Grey Slender Loris The grey slender loris (Loris lydekkerianus) is a species of primate belonging to the family Loridae. It is classified as a pros

10 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Vera C. Rubin Observatory

Scientists analyzing the first images released by the Vera C. Rubin Observatory have discovered the fastest-spinning asteroid ever observed in its size category. The newly identified asteroid has been named 2025 MN45. Location and Background of the Observatory The Vera C. Rubin Observatory is located atop Cerro Pachón in the Chilean Andes at an altitude of 8,684 feet above sea le

09 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

APEDA

The Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA), an arm of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, has recently launched a new initiative to support agri-food and agri-tech startups. The initiative aims to promote innovation, encourage young entrepreneurs, and create new opportunities in agricultural exports. About APEDA APEDA is a statutory body establis

09 Feb,2026 GS-3 Food Processing & Related Industries in India

India’s Green Energy Transition

The agriculture sector in India holds significant untapped potential to drive the country’s green energy revolution. With more than half of India’s population dependent on farming and rural livelihoods, integrating clean energy into agriculture can simultaneously address challenges of energy access, food security, employment generation, and climate change. India’s Agricult

09 Feb,2026 GS-3 Food Processing & Related Industries in India

Long Range Anti-Ship Missile (LRAShM)

India’s indigenous Long Range Anti-Ship Missile (LRAShM) will be showcased at the Republic Day parade on January 26, underscoring India’s rapidly advancing maritime strike and deterrence capabilities and its progress in indigenous defence technology. What is the Long Range Anti-Ship Missile (LRAShM)? The Long Range Anti-Ship Missile (LRAShM) is a hypersonic glide missile deve

08 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

M-STrIPES

Forest staff participating in the tiger and wildlife census at Anamalai Tiger Reserve will use the Monitoring System for Tigers: Intensive Protection and Ecological Status (M-STrIPES) mobile application to enhance monitoring and data accuracy. About M-STrIPES M-STrIPES is a software-based monitoring system developed to assist in the protection, monitoring, and ecological assessment of ti

08 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Dust Experiment (DEX)

Recently, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) confirmed through its first-ever Dust Experiment (DEX) that an interplanetary dust particle enters Earth’s atmosphere approximately every 1,000 seconds. This finding provides valuable insights into the continuous interaction between Earth and the surrounding interplanetary environment. What is the Dust Experiment (DEX)? The Du

07 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Bio-Bitumen

Recently, the Union Minister of State for Science and Technology stated that India has entered an era of “Clean, Green Highways” following the successful technology transfer of “Bio-Bitumen via Pyrolysis: From Farm Residue to Roads.” This development highlights India’s progress towards sustainable infrastructure and reduced dependence on petroleum-based materials.

07 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve

The Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve (TATR) has recently undertaken a sterilisation and vaccination programme to address the growing menace of stray dogs in and around the reserve. The initiative aims to reduce the risk of disease transmission to wildlife and minimise human–wildlife conflict in the region. Location of Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve is located

07 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Apparel Export Promotion Council (AEPC)

A. Sakthivel has recently been appointed as the Chairman of the Apparel Export Promotion Council (AEPC), marking his fifth term at the helm of the organisation. His reappointment highlights continuity in leadership at a time when India is seeking to enhance its global apparel export competitiveness. About the Apparel Export Promotion Council (AEPC) The Apparel Export Promotion Council w

06 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Biomaterials

As countries across the world aim to shift towards cleaner and more sustainable manufacturing processes, biomaterials are emerging as a new frontier in materials engineering. This transition is especially significant in sectors such as plastics and textiles, where conventional petroleum-based materials are being reconsidered due to their environmental impact. About Biomaterials Biomateri

06 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Mpemba Effect

Recently, researchers from the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) have used supercomputers to develop the first-ever simulation of ice formation that conclusively proves the Mpemba effect in water. This breakthrough provides strong computational evidence for a phenomenon that has puzzled scientists for centuries. What is the Mpemba Effect? The Mpemba effect is

06 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Delhi’s Measures to Control Vehicular Pollution

Amid deteriorating air quality, the Delhi government has tightened vehicular pollution controls to curb emissions from road transport. As part of these measures, private vehicles registered outside Delhi that do not comply with Bharat Stage (BS) VI emission norms have been barred from entering the Capital. In addition, vehicles without a valid Pollution Under Control Certificate (PUCC) are als

06 Feb,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

C-Reactive Protein (CRP)

Accumulating scientific evidence over the past two decades indicates that C-reactive protein (CRP), a biomarker of low-grade inflammation, is a better predictor of heart disease risk than cholesterol levels. This finding highlights the growing importance of inflammation in understanding cardiovascular diseases. What is C-Reactive Protein (CRP)? C-reactive protein is a protein produced by

05 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Industrial Research and Development Promotion Program

Recently, the Government of India announced relaxations for deep-tech startups to facilitate easier recognition under the Industrial Research and Development Promotion Program of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR). The decision aims to encourage innovation and strengthen the country’s research and development ecosystem. About the Industrial Research and Developmen

05 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Taimoor Missile

The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) has recently conducted a successful flight test of the indigenously developed Taimoor Weapon System, marking a significant development in Pakistan’s air-launched strike capabilities. About the Taimoor Missile The Taimoor missile is an air-launched cruise missile developed by Pakistan. It is designed to deliver high-precision strikes against both land an

04 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Double-Humped Bactrian Camel

Ladakh’s double-humped Bactrian camels are set to make their debut at the 77th Republic Day Parade, highlighting the cultural and ecological significance of this rare species native to India’s high-altitude cold deserts. About the Double-Humped Bactrian Camel The double-humped Bactrian camel is scientifically known as Camelus bactrianus. These large, even-toed ungulates are

04 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Sabka Bima, Sabki Raksha Bill, 2025

The Lok Sabha has passed the Sabka Bima, Sabki Raksha (Amendment of Insurance Laws) Bill, 2025, which proposes to raise the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) limit in the insurance sector from 74% to 100%. The reform is positioned as a key step towards deepening insurance coverage and achieving the vision of “Insurance for All by 2047.” Overview of the Bill The Bill enables 10

04 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Design Linked Incentive (DLI) Scheme

The Design Linked Incentive (DLI) Scheme is a critical initiative aimed at anchoring India in the most strategic and value-intensive segment of the global semiconductor value chain—chip design. The scheme focuses on building India’s fabless semiconductor ecosystem, which emphasises design and intellectual property rather than manufacturing alone. About the Design Linked Incentive (

04 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Archaea

A recent scientific study has revealed that a DNA sequence which normally acts as a stop signal for protein synthesis in almost all organisms behaves differently in some archaea. Instead of stopping protein production, this sequence codes for a rare amino acid in certain archaeal species. This discovery is significant because it challenges the concept of a universal genetic code and highlight

04 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

India’s GDP Measurement

Recent debates among economists, policymakers, and global institutions have highlighted concerns that India’s current GDP measurement framework does not fully capture the realities of a rapidly changing economy. The Indian economy has increasingly become digital, informal, service-oriented, and platform-driven, while GDP estimation still relies on older assumptions and data structures.

04 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

White-Bellied Heron

Recently, an expert panel of the Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) recommended granting environmental clearance (EC) to the Kalai-II Hydroelectric Project on the Lohit River in Arunachal Pradesh. The project site falls within a known habitat of the critically endangered White-bellied Heron, raising conservation concerns. About the White-Bellied Heron The

03 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Microlensing

A recent scientific study has successfully used gravitational microlensing to determine the mass of a rogue planet, that is, a planet not orbiting any star. This highlights the importance of microlensing in detecting and studying otherwise invisible celestial objects. What is Microlensing? Microlensing is a phenomenon in which the light from a distant background star is bent and magnifie

03 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

RQ-170 Sentinel

A rare U.S. Air Force RQ-170 “Sentinel” stealth surveillance drone was recently observed returning to Roosevelt Roads Naval Station in eastern Puerto Rico. This sighting occurred after the United States conducted overnight military strikes against targets in Venezuela. The movement of the drone suggests its role in intelligence and surveillance support during the operation. Abou

03 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Delhi’s Air Pollution

Delhi’s toxic air has escalated into a full-blown public health emergency, driven by high local emissions and wintertime meteorological conditions that trap pollutants. The city has recorded its worst air quality levels in years, severely affecting public health across the National Capital Region. Current Air Quality Index (AQI) Situation Delhi’s Air Quality Index (AQI) has remai

03 Feb,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Corporate Bond Market in India

NITI Aayog has released a report titled “Deepening the Corporate Bond Market in India”, emphasizing that an efficient and liquid corporate bond market is essential for expanding market access, improving liquidity, and enhancing investor participation. The report highlights the need for coordinated reforms to unlock the market’s full potential and support India’s long-te

03 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Cellulitis

An observational study on Cellulitis was recently published in the International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds. The study highlights clinical patterns, risk factors, and treatment approaches related to this common skin infection. What is Cellulitis? Cellulitis is a common bacterial skin infection that affects the deeper layers of the skin and the tissues beneath it. It is most common

02 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Google’s Project Suncatcher

Google has announced Project Suncatcher, a long-term research initiative aimed at testing solar-powered data centres in space. The first experimental satellite launches under the project are planned for 2027. What is Project Suncatcher? Project Suncatcher is an ambitious initiative by Google to develop space-based data centres by deploying small computing racks on satellites. As part of an i

02 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Eastern Imperial Eagle

Wildlife enthusiasts have recently confirmed the presence of the Eastern Imperial Eagle in the Mudumalai Tiger Reserve during the winter migratory season. This sighting highlights the importance of the reserve as a wintering ground for migratory birds of prey. About the Eastern Imperial Eagle The Eastern Imperial Eagle is a large bird of prey belonging to the family Accipitridae. Its sci

02 Feb,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

PathGennie

Why in News Recently, the Ministry of Science and Technology developed a new open-source software called PathGennie. This software aims to accelerate drug discovery by improving the simulation of rare molecular events. About PathGennie PathGennie is a novel computational framework designed to track molecular unbinding pathways accurately and efficiently. It addresses a longstanding challe

01 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Oreshnik Missile

Why in News Russia recently announced that its nuclear-capable Oreshnik missiles have entered active service in Belarus, a neighbouring ally bordering NATO members Poland, Lithuania, and Latvia. This move has significant implications for regional security and strategic deterrence in Europe. About the Oreshnik Missile The Oreshnik missile is a Russian-made, intermediate-range ballistic

01 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Nimesulide

The Government of India has prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of all oral formulations of Nimesulide containing more than 100 mg in immediate-release form, with immediate effect. This decision was taken by the Union Health Ministry based on recommendations from expert bodies, including the Drugs Technical Advisory Board (DTAB) and the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR).

01 Feb,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Voice over WiFi

Recently, Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) announced the nationwide rollout of Voice over WiFi (VoWiFi) services. This move aims to improve voice call connectivity, especially in areas with weak or unreliable mobile network coverage. About Voice over WiFi (VoWiFi) Voice over WiFi, also known as Wi-Fi Calling, is a technology that allows users to make and receive voice calls and messag

01 Feb,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI)

Recently, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) approved emergency financial assistance of USD 206 million to Sri Lanka under its Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI). The funding is intended to help the country meet urgent balance of payments needs arising from the devastating impact of Cyclone Ditwah. About the Rapid Financing Instrument The Rapid Financing Instrument is an IMF facility th

31 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

India’s Biotechnology Sector

According to the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) Year-End Review 2025, India’s biotechnology sector has witnessed remarkable growth, expanding from USD 10 billion in 2014 to USD 165.7 billion in 2024. The sector is projected to reach USD 300 billion by 2030, reflecting India’s rapid advancement in biotechnology-driven innovation and commercialization. This expansion has positioned

31 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

GhostPairing

Recently, the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) issued an advisory warning WhatsApp users about an active cyber threat campaign that uses a new attack technique known as GhostPairing. This method allows cybercriminals to take control of WhatsApp accounts without the user’s knowledge or authorization. What is GhostPairing? GhostPairing is a sophisticated WhatsApp account

30 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) Mission

Recently, NASA lost contact with the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft, a Mars orbiter that has been operating successfully for over a decade. The mission has played a crucial role in understanding how Mars lost most of its atmosphere to space, transforming it from a potentially habitable planet into the cold and dry world observed today. What is the MAVEN Mission? Th

30 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI)

Recently, the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) announced that the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI) has helped prevent potential financial losses of nearly ₹660 crore across the banking and digital payments ecosystem within six months of its launch. The initiative strengthens India’s response to the rising threat of digital and telecom-enabled financial frauds. What is the

30 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Free Trade Agreements (FTAs)

India is accelerating its pursuit of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) with countries like New Zealand, Russia, and Oman, even though past FTAs have delivered only modest trade gains. This reflects a shift in focus—from using FTAs purely as trade tools to employing them as instruments of geopolitical strategy, supply-chain security, and strategic partnerships. Understanding Free Trade Agre

29 Jan,2026 GS-3 Effects of Liberalization on the Economy

Kuttanad Wetland Agricultural System

Recent soil tests conducted in the Kuttanad paddy fields of Kerala have revealed elevated concentrations of aluminium. These fields form part of the Kuttanad Wetland Agricultural System, raising concerns about soil health, crop productivity, and long-term sustainability of this unique farming system. About the Kuttanad Wetland Agricultural System The Kuttanad Wetland Agricultural System

29 Jan,2026 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

Methane Emissions

Methane is a crucial fuel widely used for domestic and industrial purposes. However, when released in an uncontrolled manner—especially from landfills—it becomes a serious environmental hazard. Recent satellite-based evidence indicates that methane emissions from Indian landfills are significantly higher than official estimates, posing challenges to India’s climate commitment

28 Jan,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Autophagy

Recent research has identified a previously unknown regulator of the autophagy process, opening new possibilities for developing therapies for neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, as well as cancer. This discovery highlights the growing importance of autophagy in understanding disease mechanisms. What is Autophagy? Autophagy is a fu

28 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

SHANTI Bill, 2025

The Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy for Transforming India (SHANTI) Bill, 2025 has been introduced in the Lok Sabha to overhaul India’s nuclear energy laws. It replaces the Atomic Energy Act, 1962 and the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage (CLND) Act, 2010, creating a single legal framework that allows private and foreign participation in the civil nuclear sector

28 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Dark Eagle Hypersonic Missile System

The United States Army and Navy have recently completed integrated testing of the Dark Eagle Long-Range Hypersonic Weapon (LRHW). This marks a significant milestone in the operationalisation of the US hypersonic weapons programme and enhances joint-service strike capabilities. About the Dark Eagle Hypersonic Missile System Dark Eagle is a hypersonic missile system developed for the

28 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Copyright Act 1957

The Indian government is undertaking a major reform of the Copyright Act, 1957 to address the challenges posed by Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the creation and use of copyrighted works. This reform is based on a hybrid model, balancing the needs of AI innovation with the rights of creators. Hybrid Model Overview: Introduces a mandatory blanket license allowing AI developers to u

27 Jan,2026 GS-3 Issues Relating to Intellectual Property Rights

India’s Capital Markets

India’s capital markets are witnessing a structural transformation in which domestic household savings are increasingly replacing Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI) as the primary source of market liquidity. This shift has strengthened market stability and reduced vulnerability to global capital volatility, but it has also brought challenges related to investor protection, valuation risk

26 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

High-Performance Computing (HPC)

India is aiming for complete indigenisation of its high-performance computing (HPC) systems by 2030. Indigenous content in supercomputing systems has already reached around 50% and is expected to exceed 70% by the end of the decade. Under the National Supercomputing Mission (NSM), India plans to deploy 90 petaflops (PF) of computing capacity by March 2026, significantly strengthening national tech

26 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)

Recently, Prime Minister Narendra Modi extended his greetings to all personnel of the Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) on the occasion of its Raising Day, appreciating their dedication and service to the nation. About Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) Background and Establishment The Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) was earlier known as the Special Service Bureau. It was established on 15 March 1963, follo

26 Jan,2026 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Forced Narco Tests

The Supreme Court of India, in Amlesh Kumar v. State of Bihar (2025), set aside a 2025 Patna High Court order that had permitted a narco test. The Court categorically held that any forced or involuntary narco test is unconstitutional, reaffirming earlier constitutional safeguards. What is a Narco Test? A narco test is an investigative technique in which the accused is administered sedati

26 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Pax Silica Summit 2025

At the inaugural Pax Silica Summit in 2025, India was excluded from the US-led Pax Silica initiative, sparking sharp political criticism domestically and in strategic circles. About the Pax Silica Initiative The Pax Silica Initiative is a strategic, US-led effort aimed at creating a secure, resilient, and innovation-driven silicon supply chain. Objectives Reduce China’s

26 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Regional Rural Banks (RRBs)

Recently, the Ministry of Finance unveiled a new logo for Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) to project a single, unified brand identity across the country. This move aims to enhance visibility, trust, and recognition of RRBs as key institutions for rural financial inclusion. About Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) were established in India to promote financial inclusion i

25 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Antariksh Prayogshala

Recently, the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) issued a Request for Proposal (RfP) to establish Antariksh Prayogshala (Space Labs) in selected academic institutions across India. This marks a significant step towards strengthening India’s academic and research ecosystem in the space sector. About Antariksh Prayogshala (Space Labs) Antariksh Prayog

25 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Kavach System

The Union Railway Minister, in a written reply during the Winter Session of Parliament, informed the Lok Sabha that the indigenously developed Kavach system has been fully commissioned on more than 2,000 km of the Indian Rail network. The rollout of this safety system is progressing at a rapid pace across various railway zones. What is the Kavach System? Kavach is an indigenous Automatic

24 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund (AHIDF)

In response to a question raised in the Rajya Sabha, the Minister of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying informed that loans amounting to ₹10,320 crore have been sanctioned under the Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund (AHIDF) so far, indicating strong uptake of the scheme. About the Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund (AHIDF) The Animal Husbandry Infrast

24 Jan,2026 GS-3 Economics of Animal-Rearing

Google’s Quantum Echoes

Google has achieved a major breakthrough in quantum computing through its Quantum Echoes experiment, significantly improving our understanding of quantum information behaviour. Although the experiment does not involve breaking encryption, it has reignited global discussions on Q-Day, encryption security, and the urgent need for quantum-safe systems. Key Highlights Quantum Echoes is

23 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

ICGS Sarthak

The Indian Coast Guard Ship (ICGS) Sarthak), an Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV), recently made a port call at Chabahar, Iran. This visit reflects India’s expanding maritime diplomacy and its commitment to regional maritime security in the western Indian Ocean. About ICGS Sarthak ICGS Sarthak is a modern multi-mission Offshore Patrol Vessel built to carry out a wide range of coast guar

23 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

BharatNet Project

The Minister of State for Communications and Rural Development has informed the Lok Sabha that the BharatNet Project is being implemented in a phased manner to ensure broadband connectivity to all Gram Panchayats (GPs) across the country. About the BharatNet Project The BharatNet Project is an ambitious initiative of the Government of India aimed at providing high-speed broadband connect

23 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

INS Hansa

The Indian Navy has recently commissioned its second MH-60R helicopter squadron, INAS 335, also known as the ‘Ospreys’, at INS Hansa, located at Vasco da Gama, Goa. This induction marks a significant enhancement of India’s naval aviation and maritime combat capability, particularly along the western seaboard. About INS Hansa INS Hansa is a major Indian Naval Air Station

23 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Apache Attack Helicopter

The Indian Army has recently received the final batch of three AH-64E Apache attack helicopters, completing its six-unit fleet. These helicopters are inducted into the 451 Army Aviation Squadron, which is based in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, significantly enhancing India’s attack helicopter and close air support capabilities. About the AH-64E Apache Attack Helicopter The AH-64E Apache, als

22 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Carbon-Based Filter

A recent field-based study has showcased an innovative approach to combat PFAS (Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances) contamination in groundwater. The study demonstrates that a specially engineered carbon material can be injected underground to trap and remove PFAS, offering a cost-effective and long-term remediation solution for polluted sites. This development could revolutionize the way we addr

22 Jan,2026 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Altermagnetism in RuO₂

Recently, Japanese researchers have experimentally confirmed Ruthenium Dioxide (RuO₂) as an altermagnet, establishing it as a third fundamental class of magnetism, distinct from ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism. This breakthrough resolves long-standing experimental and theoretical inconsistencies and marks a major advance in condensed matter physics. What is Altermagnetism? Alterm

22 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

National Digital Livestock Mission (NDLM)

Recently, the Minister of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying informed the Lok Sabha about the progress and implementation of the National Digital Livestock Mission (NDLM), a key initiative aimed at digitally transforming India’s livestock sector. About National Digital Livestock Mission The National Digital Livestock Mission was launched by the Department of Animal Husbandry

21 Jan,2026 GS-3 Economics of Animal-Rearing

DHRUV64

Recently, India unveiled its first fully indigenously developed microprocessor, DHRUV64, marking a major milestone in the country’s journey towards self-reliance in semiconductor and computing technologies. About DHRUV64 DHRUV64 is a fully indigenous microprocessor developed by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) under the Microprocessor Development Programme (

21 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Nitrofurans

Recently, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) launched a nationwide egg safety drive after the detection of nitrofurans residues in eggs triggered public concern. The move aims to strengthen food safety and consumer protection. About Nitrofurans Nitrofurans are synthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotics. The nitrofuran class consists of four main parent compounds: furazol

21 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)

A recent study conducted across seven antenatal clinics involving more than 3,000 pregnant women has revealed that early Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) affects nearly one in five pregnant women. This finding highlights the rising burden of metabolic disorders during pregnancy. About Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a condition characterized by glu

20 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Artemisinin

A recent study has warned that regions with heavy artemisinin usage and favourable environmental conditions could emerge as new hotspots for artemisinin resistance. The study also highlights that in some parts of Africa, the frequency of resistance markers is gradually increasing, which could threaten the effectiveness of malaria treatment in the future. Background and Discovery Artemisi

20 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Hybrid Mutual Funds

Hybrid mutual funds are investment schemes that invest in more than one asset class, mainly equity (stocks) and debt (bonds), and in some cases gold, REITs and InvITs. Their main objective is to provide a balanced combination of growth and stability by diversifying investments across different assets. These funds are also known as asset allocation funds because they follow a pre-decided or fle

20 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Dieback Disease

The withering and death of thousands of neem trees over the past few years has prompted the Mulugu-based Forest College & Research Institute (FCRI) to initiate a comprehensive scientific investigation into the spread of dieback disease, which poses a serious threat to forest health and biodiversity. About Dieback Disease Nature of the Disease Dieback disease is a fungal disease th

19 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

BlueBird-6 Satellite

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is scheduled to launch the BlueBird-6 satellite, developed by the US-based commercial company AST SpaceMobile, on 21st December 2025. The launch will be carried out using ISRO’s LVM-3 (GSLV Mk III) rocket, marking a significant milestone in Indo-US commercial space cooperation. About BlueBird-6 Satellite The BlueBird-6 satellite is desi

18 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

BlueBird-6 Satellite

18 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Man-Portable Air Defence Systems (MANPADS)

The Indian Army is undertaking a major strategic shift in its air defence posture by repurposing Man-Portable Air Defence Systems (MANPADS) to counter the emerging threat of sub-sonic cruise missiles. This move reflects the evolving nature of aerial threats and the need for layered and flexible air defence capabilities. About Man-Portable Air Defence Systems (MANPADS) Man-Portable Air De

18 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Red-Shanked Douc Monkey

Recently, customs officials at the Kempegowda International Airport (KIA) arrested a passenger for smuggling two Red-shanked douc monkeys, highlighting concerns related to illegal wildlife trade. About Red-Shanked Douc Monkey The Red-shanked douc monkey (Pygathrix nemaeus) is an Old World monkey and is often referred to as the “Queen of Primates” due to its striking appearanc

17 Jan,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Ratle Hydroelectric Project

Megha Engineering and Infrastructures Limited (MEIL), the construction contractor for the Ratle Hydroelectric Project, recently stated that it may withdraw from the project if the local administration fails to prevent threats and interference from local groups and political actors. The statement has raised concerns regarding the timely completion and security of strategic infrastructure projec

16 Jan,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Gonorrhoea

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently approved two new oral medicines—Nuzolvence (zoliflodacin) and Blujepa (gepotidacin)—for the treatment of gonorrhoea, a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) that has shown increasing resistance to existing antibiotics. This approval marks a significant advancement in addressing antimicrobial-resistant gonorrhoea. Abo

16 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

APAAR ID

The Orissa High Court recently directed the State and Central education authorities to amend the consent form used for generating the Automated Permanent Academic Account Registry (APAAR) ID. The court ordered that the consent form must contain a clear and explicit opt-out option, ensuring that student participation in the APAAR system remains voluntary and informed. About APAAR ID The A

16 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Global Environment Outlook 2025

The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) released the 7th edition of the Global Environment Outlook (GEO-7) in 2025 during the 7th session of UNEP held in Nairobi, Kenya. The report provides a comprehensive assessment of the state of the global environment, emerging risks, and pathways to sustainability. Key Highlights of the Global Environment Outlook 2025 Rising Greenhouse Gas E

16 Jan,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Bar-Headed Goose

In a first-of-its-kind study in eastern India, a Bar-Headed Goose fitted with a GSM-GPS transmitter has revealed its migration route and flying patterns. This research provides valuable insights into high-altitude migratory behavior, helping conservationists and scientists understand the species’ movement and ecology better. About Bar-Headed Goose The Bar-Headed Goose is a migrator

15 Jan,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) in India

A recent report by the Indian Council of Medical Research–National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health (ICMR-NIRRCH) shows that infertile couples in India face a heavy financial burden. According to the report, a single IVF cycle costs over ₹1 lakh even in public hospitals. Globally, one assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycle costs 166% of an average Indian&rs

15 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

New Ramsar Sites in India

Recently, Siliserh Lake in Alwar, Rajasthan and Kopra Jalashay near Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh have been officially designated as Ramsar Sites, joining the list of wetlands of international importance under the Ramsar Convention. About Ramsar Sites Ramsar Sites are wetlands designated under the Ramsar Convention (1971) for their international ecological, hydrological, and biodiversity signif

15 Jan,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

India’s Plan to Develop GIFT City as a Global Reinsurance Hub

India’s plan to transform Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT City) into a global reinsurance hub is progressing steadily. More than 10 international insurers have already established operations, and several others are in the pipeline. This development aims to reduce India’s dependence on overseas reinsurance markets and position the country as a major player in global fin

14 Jan,2026 GS-3 Investment Models

Champions of the Earth Award

Ms. Supriya Sahu, the Additional Chief Secretary of the Department of Environment, Climate Change and Forests, Government of Tamil Nadu, has been awarded the UN Environment Programme’s (UNEP) Champions of the Earth Award 2025 for her leadership in environmental governance. About the Champions of the Earth Award The Champions of the Earth Award was instituted in 2005 by the United N

13 Jan,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

RBI’s Repo Rate

The Reserve Bank of India’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) has reduced the repo rate by 25 basis points to 5.25%, marking a cumulative cut of 125 basis points in 2025. The RBI described the current macroeconomic situation as a “Goldilocks phase”, characterised by low inflation and strong GDP growth. What is the ‘Goldilocks Phase’ in an Economy? A Goldilock

13 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Deodar Tree

Recent scientific studies on Deodar trees in the Sangla Valley of Himachal Pradesh have revealed valuable evidence of long-term climatic shifts. Tree-ring data indicate a transition from wetter spring conditions during pre-historic times to drier climatic conditions from around the year 1757 onwards, highlighting the role of Deodar trees in climate reconstruction. About the Deodar Tree T

12 Jan,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Invasive Alien Plant Species in India

A recent Nature Sustainability study has highlighted that invasive alien plants are spreading across nearly 15,500 square kilometres of India’s natural areas every year. Over the last 60 years, these invasions have caused economic losses estimated at ₹8.3 lakh crore and pose serious threats to ecosystems, wildlife, agriculture, and rural livelihoods. What are Invasive Alien Plant Sp

12 Jan,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Goniopora Coral

Scientists have recently reported that a combination of extreme heat stress and a rare outbreak of Black Band Disease has destroyed nearly 75 per cent of Goniopora coral colonies at a site on the Great Barrier Reef. About Goniopora Coral Goniopora, commonly known as flowerpot coral or daisy coral, is a type of hard coral belonging to the Poritidae family. It is known for its striking app

12 Jan,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Pallas’s Gull

The rare migratory Pallas’s Gull was recently sighted at Udhwa Lake Bird Sanctuary in Jharkhand, marking its return after nearly a decade. This sighting highlights the ecological importance of the sanctuary along major migratory routes. About Pallas’s Gull Pallas’s Gull, also known as the Great Black-headed Gull, is a large gull species belonging to the Laridae family.

12 Jan,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Large Language Models (LLMs)

Recently, a government working paper suggested that artificial intelligence–based Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, should by default have access to content that is freely available online. The paper further proposed that publishers should not be provided with an opt-out mechanism for such content, sparking debate around copyright, data usage, and AI governance. What are

11 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

NewSpace India Limited (NSIL)

As on date, NewSpace India Limited (NSIL) has signed 70 Technology Transfer Agreements (TTAs) to facilitate the transfer of technologies developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to Indian industries. This reflects NSIL’s growing role in strengthening industry participation in India’s space sector. About NewSpace India Limited NewSpace India Limited was incor

11 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Buxa Tiger Reserve

Recently, a mega four-month wildlife survey has been launched across the Buxa Tiger Reserve. The survey aims to assess the status of wildlife populations, habitat conditions, and biodiversity health within the reserve, strengthening conservation and management efforts. Location and Geographical Setting Buxa Tiger Reserve is located in the Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal. Its northern

10 Jan,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

African Penguin

Recently, a scientific study revealed that more than 60,000 African penguins died of starvation between 2004 and 2011 following the collapse of sardine stocks, which are a primary food source for the species. This finding highlights the severe impact of marine ecosystem changes on seabird populations. About African Penguin The African penguin (Spheniscus demersus) is a flightless marine

10 Jan,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Integrated Main Parachute Airdrop Test (IMAT)

The Inand Gaganyaan Missiondian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully conducted the Integrated Main Parachute Airdrop Test (IMAT), marking a crucial milestone in preparations for India’s first human spaceflight mission, Gaganyaan, which is scheduled for Q1 2027. The successful test reinforces ISRO’s human-rating protocols and strengthens astronaut safety preparedness

09 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

AviSpray-10c

AvironiX Drones, a Chennai-based deep-tech drone company, has recently announced the launch of AviSpray-10c, a next-generation agricultural spraying drone aimed at improving precision farming and reducing operational costs for Indian farmers. About AviSpray-10c The AviSpray-10c is a compact, backpack-sized agricultural spraying drone that is 53% smaller than most drones in the current ge

09 Jan,2026 GS-3 E-Technology in the Aid of Farmers, Technology Missions

National Mission on Edible Oils (NMEO)

The National Mission on Edible Oils (NMEO) reflects India’s strong commitment to the vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat by aiming to transform the edible oil sector from a highly import-dependent system to a self-reliant one. The mission seeks to reduce India’s edible oil import bill while strengthening domestic production. About the National Mission on Edible Oils The National Mis

08 Jan,2026 GS-3 Food Processing & Related Industries in India

C-130J Super Hercules

A new defence Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) facility to support the C-130J Super Hercules aircraft will be established in Bengaluru. This facility will enhance self-reliance in defence aviation, reduce dependence on foreign support, and strengthen India’s maintenance ecosystem for strategic airlift platforms. About the C-130J Super Hercules The C-130J Super Hercules is a

08 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Indian Rupee Depreciation

The Indian Rupee depreciated to a record low of ₹90.43 per US dollar, driven by foreign fund outflows and uncertainty surrounding the India–US trade deal. With a year-to-date depreciation of about 5%, the rupee has emerged as the worst-performing Asian currency in 2025. What is Rupee Depreciation? Rupee depreciation refers to a decline in the value of the Indian Rupee (INR) relat

08 Jan,2026 GS-3 Effects of Liberalization on the Economy

Masala Bonds

The Enforcement Directorate (ED) has issued show-cause notices to senior political leaders in Kerala for the alleged violation of the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA) and Reserve Bank of India (RBI) directions in connection with the issuance of Masala Bonds. This has brought renewed attention to the regulatory framework governing these instruments. What are Masala Bonds? Masala Bon

08 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Bluetongue Virus (BTV)

More suspected cases of Bluetongue Virus (BTV) have recently been detected in Northern Ireland, raising concerns about the spread of this vector-borne animal disease affecting livestock. About Bluetongue Virus The Bluetongue Virus (BTV) is responsible for causing bluetongue disease (BT), a severe haemorrhagic disease of ruminant animals. It is an infectious but non-contagious disease, m

08 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

UN Environment Assembly (UNEA)

The seventh session of the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA-7) is currently taking place in Nairobi, Kenya. The session focuses on strengthening global cooperation to address pressing environmental challenges and promote sustainable development. About the UN Environment Assembly (UNEA) Overview The UN Environment Assembly is the world’s highest-level decision-making bod

07 Jan,2026 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

INS Gharial

The Indian Navy has recently deployed INS Gharial, along with three other naval vessels, under Operation Sagar Bandhu to provide Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) to the cyclone-affected regions of Sri Lanka. This deployment reflects India’s commitment to regional cooperation and its role as a first responder in the Indian Ocean Region. About INS Gharial INS Gharia

07 Jan,2026 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

India International Science Festival (IISF)

The 11th edition of the India International Science Festival (IISF) is being held in Panchkula, Haryana. The festival serves as a major national platform to promote scientific temper, innovation, and public engagement with science. About India International Science Festival (IISF) The India International Science Festival was launched in 2015 with the objective of bringing together scient

07 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Investor Education and Protection Fund Authority (IEPFA)

Recently, the Investor Education and Protection Fund Authority (IEPFA), in collaboration with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), organised a “Niveshak Shivir” in Jaipur, aimed at enhancing investor awareness and financial literacy. About Investor Education and Protection Fund Authority The Investor Education and Protection Fund Authority (IEPFA) was established in

06 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID)

Recently, officials stated that the National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID) is gradually becoming fully operational and is currently handling around 45,000 data access requests per month, indicating its increasing use by intelligence and law-enforcement agencies. About National Intelligence Grid The National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID) is a secure and integrated intelligence-sharing platfor

06 Jan,2026 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Hoolock Gibbon

Recently, a stranded family of Hoolock gibbons was successfully rescued in the Lower Dibang Valley district of Arunachal Pradesh by forest and wildlife officials, highlighting ongoing conservation efforts for India’s only ape species. About Hoolock Gibbon Hoolock gibbons belong to the family of gibbons, which are the smallest and fastest of all apes. They inhabit tropical and subt

06 Jan,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Border Roads Organisation (BRO)

The Defence Minister recently dedicated 125 newly completed infrastructure projects of the Border Roads Organisation (BRO) to the nation. This event marked the highest number as well as the highest total value of BRO projects inaugurated in a single day, reflecting India’s accelerated push towards strengthening border infrastructure and strategic connectivity. About the Border Roads O

06 Jan,2026 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Measles

Despite the availability of a highly effective vaccine, measles caused approximately 95,000 deaths globally in 2024, with the majority of deaths occurring among unvaccinated children under five years of age. This highlights persistent gaps in immunisation coverage and public health outreach, especially in developing regions. About Measles Measles is a highly contagious and serious airbo

05 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (HS)

Recently, ten blackbucks died in the Jamshedpur Zoological Park, Jharkhand, due to suspected Haemorrhagic Septicaemia, raising concerns about wildlife disease management and zoonotic surveillance. About Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (HS) is also known as Pasteurellosis. It is a bacterial disease caused by specific serotypes of Pasteurella multocida.

05 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Shingles Disease

A recent scientific study has found that vaccination against shingles is associated with a reduced risk of death from dementia. The finding highlights the broader health benefits of preventive vaccination, especially among older adults. What is Shingles Disease? Shingles is a viral infection that causes a painful skin rash, often accompanied by blisters. It occurs due to the reactivation

04 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Technology Development Fund (TDF) Scheme

Recently, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) handed over seven indigenously developed technologies to the Indian Armed Forces. These technologies were developed under the Technology Development Fund (TDF) Scheme, highlighting India’s progress toward self-reliance in defence technology. About the Technology Development Fund (TDF) Scheme The Technology Developme

04 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Ramgarh Vishdhari Tiger Reserve (RVTR)

In a significant conservation milestone, a tigress will be airlifted from the Pench Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh to the Ramgarh Vishdhari Tiger Reserve (RVTR) in Rajasthan. This marks Rajasthan’s first inter-state tiger translocation and India’s second such translocation, covering a distance of nearly 800 km. About Ramgarh Vishdhari Tiger Reserve Ramgarh Vishdhari Tiger Re

04 Jan,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises (PMFME) Scheme

The Ministry of Food Processing Industries has stated that the PMFME Scheme has steadily expanded its reach, with significant progress achieved across major components as of 31 October 2025. About PMFME Scheme The Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises (PMFME) is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme launched on 29 June 2020 by the Ministry of Food Processing Industries

04 Jan,2026 GS-3 Food Processing & Related Industries in India

India’s Inbound Tourism

India’s inbound tourism sector is gradually recovering, but it remains below the pre-pandemic peak of 10.93 million foreign tourist arrivals recorded in 2019. This slow recovery reflects persistent challenges such as global travel hesitancy, alongside domestic infrastructural limitations and environmental constraints. According to the Ministry of Tourism, India recorded 9.95 million f

04 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Planning

Open Market Operations (OMO)

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has recently announced that it will conduct Open Market Operation (OMO) purchases of government securities worth ₹1 trillion. In addition, the RBI will undertake a three-year dollar–rupee buy/sell swap of $5 billion. These measures are aimed at injecting durable liquidity into the financial system and supporting orderly financial market conditions. Wh

03 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Infrastructure Investment Trust (InvIT)

Recently, the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) received in-principle approval from the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to launch ‘Raajmarg Infra Investment Trust (RIIT)’ as an Infrastructure Investment Trust (InvIT). This development is aimed at mobilising long-term capital for national highway infrastructure development. What is an Infrastructure Invest

03 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Maritime Security

Maritime security is a multi-dimensional and dynamic challenge that requires proactive policies, coordinated institutional mechanisms, and the use of advanced technologies. For India, safeguarding its extensive coastline and ensuring stability in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) are vital for national security, economic growth, and international influence. A combination of national mechanisms, in

03 Jan,2026 GS-3 Internal Security

INTERPOL Red Notice

Recently, the Madhya Pradesh State Tiger Strike Force, in a coordinated operation with the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB), successfully apprehended an international wildlife offender. The individual was wanted under an INTERPOL Red Notice, highlighting India’s active participation in global law enforcement against wildlife crimes. What is an INTERPOL Red Notice? An INTERPOL R

02 Jan,2026 GS-3 Internal Security

Centre for Chronic Disease Control (CCDC)

A recent study by the Centre for Chronic Disease Control (CCDC) has, for the first time, simultaneously estimated the daily salt and iodine consumption levels of adults in India. The study also examined the impact of World Health Organization (WHO) recommended salt intake levels on iodine consumption and adequacy in the population. Key Point: Balancing salt reduction with iodine sufficiency

02 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Carbon Pricing in India

India’s current approach to the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is largely centred on seeking exemptions. However, this approach needs to evolve into a proactive domestic carbon pricing strategy to ensure long-term trade competitiveness, fiscal stability, and global climate leadership. What is the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)? The Carbo

02 Jan,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

AstroSat

Recently, the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) marked the completion of ten years of successful operation of the UltraViolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) onboard AstroSat. The milestone highlights the long-term scientific contribution of UVIT in ultraviolet astronomy. About AstroSat AstroSat is India’s first dedicated space observatory designed to study celestial objects across m

02 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Bioremediation in India

India is increasingly revisiting bioremediation as pollution from sewage, industrial waste, pesticides, plastics, and oil spills continues to degrade the country’s soil, water, and air. Conventional clean-up technologies have proven to be costly, energy-intensive, and often unsustainable, prompting interest in bioremediation as a scientifically sound and eco-friendly alternative. What

02 Jan,2026 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

India’s Export Strategy

India must urgently recalibrate its export strategy to navigate rising global trade headwinds and maintain international competitiveness. This recalibration should focus on market diversification, deeper diplomatic engagement, and stronger on-ground business development in key export destinations.India’s ambition to become a developed nation by 2047 is closely tied to its ability to sust

01 Jan,2026 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Ebola Outbreak

An Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo has officially ended after the country recorded 42 consecutive days without a new case, as confirmed by Congolese health authorities and the World Health Organization (WHO). About Ebola Ebola is a severe and often fatal viral disease caused by a group of viruses known as orthoebolaviruses (formerly called ebolaviruses). These viruses

01 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Supreme Court Directions on Digital Arrest Scams

A Bench of the Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice Surya Kant and Justice Joymalya Bagchi, issued a landmark directive aimed at strengthening India’s response to cybercrime. Grant of Pan-India Jurisdiction to the CBI The Supreme Court directed thirteen States, including Bihar, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, West Bengal, Maharashtra, and Punjab, to grant consent to the Central Bureau of Inves

01 Jan,2026 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

ICGS Vigraha

Recently, the Indian Coast Guard Ship (ICGS) Vigraha undertook an operational visit to Indonesia as part of its overseas deployment to ASEAN countries. This visit strengthens maritime cooperation and showcases India’s commitment to regional security and collaboration. About ICGS Vigraha The ICGS Vigraha is an Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) of the Indian Coast Guard. It was c

01 Jan,2026 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Tensor Processing Units (TPUs)

According to recent reports, Meta is in advanced talks with Google to use its Tensor Processing Units (TPUs). If finalized, this collaboration could significantly enhance Meta’s AI and machine learning capabilities. What is a Tensor Processing Unit? A Tensor Processing Unit (TPU) is a specialized chip designed to accelerate artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) tas

01 Jan,2026 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana

The Union Government has decided to expand the scope of the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) by including crop damage caused by animals as an eligible ground for insurance payouts. This addresses a long-pending demand of farmers and strengthens income security in agriculture. About Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana was launched on 18 February 2016

30 Dec,2025 GS-3 Different Types of Irrigation & Irrigation Systems Storage

Dudhwa Tiger Reserve

A Rainbow Water Snake was recently recorded for the first time in Uttar Pradesh, with photographic evidence obtained from the buffer area of the Dudhwa Tiger Reserve. This sighting highlights the rich and relatively under-documented herpetofaunal diversity of the Terai region. About Dudhwa Tiger Reserve Dudhwa Tiger Reserve is located along the Indo–Nepal border in Lakhimpur Kheri

30 Dec,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

INS Aridhaman

The Chief of the Indian Navy recently announced that India will soon induct its third nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN), INS Aridhaman, strengthening the country’s strategic deterrence capability. About INS Aridhaman INS Aridhaman is India’s third indigenously built nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine and the second submarine of the Arihant class. It

30 Dec,2025 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Kerala Landslides

The Union Government recently sanctioned only ₹260 crore in disaster relief to Kerala following the Wayanad landslides of July 2024, despite the State’s estimated losses of ₹2,200 crore. This stark disparity has reignited debates about the weakening of cooperative federalism and the increasing centralisation of disaster-risk finance in India. India’s Current Disaster-Financ

29 Dec,2025 GS-3 Disaster Management

GLP-1 Drugs

The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently issued global guidelines on the use of popular GLP-1 drugs for weight loss. About GLP-1 Drugs Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are synthetic drugs used primarily for the treatment of obesity in adults. These drugs are mainly injectables, although oral versions are under development. Leading examples includ

29 Dec,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Rock Eagle Owl

Recently, the discovery of a Rock Eagle Owl nest led the Telangana Forest Department to halt quarrying operations for over a month. This action highlights the ecological importance of the species and the need to protect its natural habitat. About the Rock Eagle Owl The Rock Eagle Owl, scientifically named Bubo bengalensis, is also known as the Indian eagle-owl or Bengal eagle-owl. It is

27 Dec,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

India’s Bioeconomy

India aims to achieve a $1.2 trillion bioeconomy by 2047, which will require capital-market innovation, regulatory modernization, and a strategic blend of technological and scientific innovation. What is Bioeconomy? According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the bioeconomy involves: The production, utilization, and conservation of biological resources. Int

27 Dec,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Fluoride

Recently, a non-governmental organization (NGO) reported that excess fluoride in drinking water in several villages of Mayurbhanj district, Odisha, has resulted in widespread fluorosis among the local population. This incident highlights a serious public health concern arising from groundwater contamination. About Fluoride Fluoride is an inorganic, monatomic anion of fluorine with the ch

25 Dec,2025 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Vanashakti Case

The Vanashakti case was filed by the environmental NGO Vanashakti, challenging the legality of retrospective (post-facto) environmental clearances (ECs) granted to industrial and construction projects. The petition particularly targeted projects in eco-sensitive zones (ESZs) surrounding the Tungareshwar Wildlife Sanctuary and parts of the Western Ghats corridor. These clearances were argued to

24 Dec,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Masala Bonds

The Enforcement Directorate (ED) has issued notices to the Kerala Chief Minister in connection with the KIIFB (Kerala Infrastructure Investment Fund Board) Masala Bond investigation. This marks a significant escalation in the ongoing conflict between the LDF state government and central agencies over Kerala’s state financing model. About Masala Bonds Definition:

24 Dec,2025 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

India’s Fiscal Federalism

India needs to ensure equitable fiscal federalism by strengthening states’ financial autonomy and restoring balance in tax devolution and grants. A healthy fiscal federal structure is essential for cooperative governance, balanced regional development, and effective public service delivery. What is Fiscal Federalism? Fiscal federalism refers to the division of financial powers, res

22 Dec,2025 GS-3 Government Budgeting

Norovirus

Recently, cases of norovirus, commonly known as the “winter vomiting disease,” have been increasing in the United States, particularly during the colder months. About Norovirus Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that causes inflammation of the stomach and intestines, a condition known as gastroenteritis. It is also referred to as the “stomach flu” or

22 Dec,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Svalbard

Recently, scientists observed an unexpected gathering of walruses on the remote shores of Svalbard, a Norwegian archipelago located in the Arctic Ocean between mainland Norway and the North Pole. This discovery highlights the significance of the region for Arctic wildlife and climate studies. About Svalbard Geography: Svalbard is situated approximately halfway between the North Pol

21 Dec,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

State of the World’s Children (SWOC) 2025 – UNICEF Report

The State of the World’s Children (SWOC) 2025, released by UNICEF, highlights the growing crisis of extreme child poverty and multidimensional deprivation, particularly affecting developing countries such as India. The report stresses that child poverty goes beyond income and reflects deprivation across multiple dimensions essential for a child’s overall development. Key Finding

21 Dec,2025 GS-3 Government Policies & Interventions for Development

National Beekeeping and Honey Mission (NBHM)

India’s honey sector is undergoing a major transformation through the National Beekeeping and Honey Mission (NBHM), which aims to expand scientific beekeeping across the country while strengthening its role in enhancing rural livelihoods and agricultural productivity. What is the National Beekeeping and Honey Mission? About the Scheme The National Beekeeping and Honey Mission (N

03 Dec,2025 GS-3 Food Processing & Related Industries in India

Turtle (Kachhua) Wildlife Sanctuary

The Turtle Wildlife Sanctuary, also known as the Kachhua Sanctuary, is located in the Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh. It is recognised as India’s first freshwater turtle wildlife sanctuary, established to conserve endangered turtle species and support the ecological health of the Ganga River. Location and Extent The sanctuary covers a 7 km stretch of the Ganga River, extending

02 Dec,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Sal Tree

Scientists from the Environment Department of Himachal Pradesh University (HPU) in Shimla have recently revealed that the Sal tree (Shorea robusta) is the most effective natural air purifier for combating rising pollution levels. Their findings highlight the tree’s superior capacity to trap dust, absorb gases, and cleanse the air compared to other common tree species. About the Sal Tr

02 Dec,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

India’s Textile Industry

Introduction The Government of India is preparing a comprehensive cost roadmap for the textile sector to bring domestic production costs in line with global standards. This initiative comes at a time when India faces increasing competition from textile-exporting countries such as Bangladesh, Vietnam, and China. Status of India’s Textile Industry Economic Contribution India&rs

01 Dec,2025 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

The international community has convened in Belém, located in the Brazilian state of Pará, for the 30th Conference of the Parties (COP30) to the UNFCCC. The conference brings together global leaders, negotiators, and experts to advance climate action and review progress under the Paris Agreement. About the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Overv

01 Dec,2025 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Financial Sector Assessment (FSA) Report

The latest Financial Sector Assessment (FSA) Report has stated that India is progressing steadily toward its vision of becoming a $30 trillion economy by 2047. The report highlights the increasing resilience and inclusiveness of India’s financial system. About the Financial Sector Assessment (FSA) Report The Financial Sector Assessment (FSA) Report is published by the World Bank. I

01 Dec,2025 GS-3 Economic Index

Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC)

Recently, scientists from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), in collaboration with NASA, successfully estimated crucial parameters of a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) using data from the Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC). The VELC is one of the key scientific payloads aboard Aditya-L1, India’s first dedicated solar mission. About the Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VE

01 Dec,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

National Board for Wildlife

The Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) has recently recommended 13 defence and paramilitary projects, most of which are located in the high-altitude protected areas of Ladakh, with one project proposed in Arunachal Pradesh. These recommendations reflect the ongoing need to balance national security requirements with wildlife conservation concerns in ecologically sensi

01 Dec,2025 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

International Snow Leopard Day

International Snow Leopard Day is observed every year on 23rd October to raise awareness about snow leopard conservation and the challenges faced by this vulnerable species. Origin International Snow Leopard Day was established in 2013 after the adoption of the Bishkek Declaration in Kyrgyzstan. During this conference, 12 snow leopard range countries agreed to collaborate on conservation

30 Nov,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

African Penguin

Appearance The African Penguin has a distinctive black stripe across its chest along with a unique pattern of black spots, which differ among individuals. It also possesses pink glands above its eyes that become darker pink as the penguin’s body temperature rises. Males are generally larger than females and have noticeably bigger beaks. Habitat This species is typically found wi

30 Nov,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Rules, 2025

Introduction and Purpose The Ministry of Electronics and IT (MeitY) released the draft Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming (PROG) Rules, 2025, open for public feedback until October 31, 2025. These rules, framed under Section 19 of the PROG Act, 2025, aim to promote legitimate online gaming formats such as e-sports and online social games, prohibit harmful online money games, protect

23 Nov,2025 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) 2023–24

The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released the Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) for 2023–24, providing comprehensive insights into the performance, employment trends, and sectoral dynamics of India’s industrial sector. The survey, conducted by the National Statistical Office (NSO), covers factories registered under the Factories Act, 1948, bidi and ci

23 Nov,2025 GS-3 Economic Index

INS Vikrant

Recently, Prime Minister Narendra Modi celebrated Deepavali aboard INS Vikrant, India's first indigenously designed and manufactured aircraft carrier. During the occasion, he lauded the Indian Armed Forces for their unity and achievements, particularly highlighting their role in Operation Sindoor, a significant defense operation. About INS Vikrant INS Vikrant is a milestone for India

10 Nov,2025 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Hyunmoo-5 missile

The Hyunmoo-5 missile is a significant development in South Korea’s military capabilities, especially in terms of deterrence against North Korea. The missile is designed to enhance South Korea’s ability to respond to threats without relying on nuclear weapons, as part of its Korean Massive Punishment and Retaliation (KMPR) framework. About the Hyunmoo-5 Missile: Develop

10 Nov,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2025

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2025 has been awarded to Susumu Kitagawa (Japan), Richard Robson (Australia), and Omar Yaghi (US) for their pioneering work in the creation and development of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), a groundbreaking class of materials with immense potential across multiple industries. 1. Creation of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs): Richard Robson:

09 Nov,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Papikonda National Park

A recent study has documented 51 species of herpetofauna (reptiles and amphibians) in Papikonda National Park. About Papikonda National Park Location: Papikonda National Park is located in the East Godavari and West Godavari districts of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is one of the most ecologically rich parks in the state, with a diverse array of flora and fauna. Establishment and Area:

09 Nov,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Striped Dolphin

A pod of striped dolphins, which are uncommon in Andhra Pradesh's waters, was recently spotted off the coast of Visakhapatnam. This rare sighting has drawn attention from both local and international marine biologists, as striped dolphins are typically found in more temperate and tropical oceans but are not frequently seen in the coastal areas of Andhra Pradesh. About the Striped Dolphi

09 Nov,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Monoclonal Antibody

A novel monoclonal antibody called MAM01, developed by US researchers, has shown promising results in providing strong protection against malaria in an early clinical trial. About MAM01 Monoclonal Antibody Purpose: MAM01 is specifically designed to prevent malaria infection by targeting a critical protein on the malaria parasite. The antibody targets the Plasmodium falciparum ci

09 Nov,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

First Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas Mk1A

India's Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas Mk1A is set to join the fleet of the Indian Air Force (IAF), marking a significant milestone in India's indigenous fighter jet program. Developed by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), the Tejas Mk1A is an upgraded version of the Tejas Mk1, designed to improve its operational capabilities, survivability, and maintainability. About Tejas Mk1

09 Nov,2025 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2025

08 Nov,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Papikonda National Park

08 Nov,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Striped Dolphin

08 Nov,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Monoclonal Antibody

08 Nov,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

First Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas Mk1A

08 Nov,2025 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Chronic Wasting Disease

The confirmation of Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD), also known as Zombie Deer Disease, in Florida has raised significant concerns among wildlife experts and health authorities. What is Zombie Deer Disease (CWD)? Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) is a progressive neurological disease that primarily affects deer, elk, moose, and reindeer. It impacts the brain and spinal cord, leading to

07 Nov,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

State Mining Readiness Index (SMRI) 2025

The Ministry of Mines has recently released the State Mining Readiness Index (SMRI), a tool designed to assess and benchmark the performance of Indian states in the mining sector. The index aims to foster healthy competition among states, accelerate the pace of mining reforms, and promote sustainable resource management. The SMRI 2025 evaluates states based on key parameters related to auction

06 Nov,2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

Achanakmar Tiger Reserve (ATR)

Recent News: A tigress named Jhumri has played a significant role in reviving the tiger population in Achanakmar Tiger Reserve (ATR), according to recent reports from forest officials. About Achanakmar Tiger Reserve Location: District: Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh It is part of the Achanakmar - Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve, making it an essential ecological zone in central I

06 Nov,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Codex Committee on Spices and Culinary Herbs

The Codex Committee on Spices and Culinary Herbs (CCSCH) recently held its 8th session (CCSCH8) successfully in Guwahati, India. This is an important development in the realm of international food standards related to spices and culinary herbs. What is the Codex Committee on Spices and Culinary Herbs (CCSCH)? Establishment: The committee was established in July 2013 by the Codex A

06 Nov,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

India’s External Debt 2025

India’s external debt has risen to USD 747.2 billion by the end of June 2025, marking a 1.5% increase from the previous quarter, according to the latest data from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Despite this increase, India’s external debt remains manageable due to various stabilizing factors. Current Status of India’s External Debt Valuation Effects:

05 Nov,2025 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Gastroenteritis

A recent study has highlighted the positive effects of the indigenous rotavirus vaccine in India, showing significant reductions in rotavirus-based gastroenteritis across various sites in the country. This is particularly important as gastroenteritis is a leading cause of illness and death among children, and rotavirus is one of the primary viral causes. What is Gastroenteritis? Gastroen

05 Nov,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Forest Rights Act, 2006 (FRA)

The Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006, officially known as the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, was enacted with the aim of recognizing and vesting forest rights to communities historically dependent on forests. These communities, especially Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers, faced long-standing marginalization and deni

05 Nov,2025 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Akash Missile System

India has recently pitched the Akash Missile System for export to Brazil, highlighting the growing global interest in India's indigenous defense technologies. The discussions took place during a meeting between India's Defence Minister and Brazilian Vice-President Geraldo Alckmin in New Delhi. This move aligns with India's efforts to expand its defense exports and strengthen strate

04 Nov,2025 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Blackbuck Reintroduction in Chhattisgarh

The Chhattisgarh government has successfully reintroduced the blackbuck into the state’s forests as part of a five-year reintroduction plan. This initiative is part of broader conservation efforts to restore the natural habitat and population of the species. About Blackbuck: Scientific Name: Antilope cervicapra Native Regions: Blackbucks are native to India and Nepal.

04 Nov,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Naying Hydroelectric Project

The Naying Hydroelectric Project in Arunachal Pradesh is a proposed 1,000 MW hydropower initiative on the Siyom (Yomgo) River, which has recently been in the news due to the upcoming environmental public hearing scheduled for November 12. About the Naying Hydroelectric Project: Location: The Naying Hydroelectric Project is planned on the Siyom River (also called Yomgo River) in

03 Nov,2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

Crew Escape System (CES)

ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) has successfully developed a cost-effective, single-stage test vehicle powered by the Vikas engine. This vehicle will be used to validate the Crew Escape System (CES), a critical safety feature for astronaut missions. About the Crew Escape System (CES) The Crew Escape System is a vital emergency safety mechanism designed to protect astronauts in

03 Nov,2025 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Silent Valley National Park

In a recent odonate survey (focused on dragonflies and damselflies) conducted in Silent Valley National Park, six new species of these fascinating insects were discovered. About Silent Valley National Park Silent Valley National Park is a pristine stretch of wet evergreen forest located in the Nilgiri Hills of Kerala, South India. It is one of the last undisturbed tropical rainforests i

03 Nov,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

First Cooperative Multi-Feed Compressed Biogas (CBG)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation recently inaugurated India’s first cooperative multi-feed CBG plant in Kopargaon, Maharashtra Key Highlights of the CBG Plant Daily Production: The plant is set to produce 12 tons of Compressed Biogas (CBG) daily, along with 75 tons of potash derived from jaggery/molasses. This will contribute to reducing India's import of p

03 Nov,2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

National Energy Conservation Awards (NECA) 2025

The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) has recently announced the 35th National Energy Conservation Awards (NECA) 2025, inviting applications to recognize and honor outstanding contributions in energy efficiency and conservation across various sectors in India. About the National Energy Conservation Awards The National Energy Conservation Awards (NECA) is one of the most prestigious natio

03 Nov,2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI)

The National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) is a prominent research institution in India, focusing on environmental science and engineering. It conducts research and develops innovative solutions for environmental management and pollution control. Key Details about NEERI: Establishment: NEERI was founded in 1958 in Nagpur as the Central Public Health Engineeri

03 Nov,2025 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Yellow-Crested Cockatoos

The Yellow-crested cockatoos (Cacatua sulphurea) in Hong Kong are facing a growing challenge in terms of their natural nesting sites. Due to the combined threats of typhoons, tree trimming, and urban development, these birds are losing access to the natural habitats that they rely on for nesting. In response to this, conservationists in Hong Kong have stepped in by installing artificial nest b

03 Nov,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Blue Flag Certification

Five beaches in Maharashtra recently earned the prestigious Blue Flag certification, which is an internationally recognized eco-label for beaches, marinas, and sustainable tourism boats. About the Blue Flag Certification: What is Blue Flag? The Blue Flag certification is awarded by the Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE) in Denmark. It is a globally recognized eco-label

02 Nov,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Exercise AUSTRAHIND 2025

An Indian Army contingent of 120 personnel has recently departed for Irwin Barracks, Perth, Australia to participate in the fourth edition of Exercise AUSTRAHIND 2025. This annual exercise between India and Australia plays a crucial role in strengthening military ties and improving operational capabilities. Key Highlights of Exercise AUSTRAHIND 2025: Joint Military Exercise:

01 Nov,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

INS Rajali

The Indian Navy's Eastern Naval Command recently hosted a two-day seminar on long-range maritime reconnaissance (LRMR) at INS Rajali, Arakkonam, in Tamil Nadu. This seminar highlighted India's growing maritime responsibilities and its advanced surveillance capabilities in the Indian Ocean region. About INS Rajali INS Rajali is a premier Naval Air Station located in Arakkonam, Tam

01 Nov,2025 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Aflatoxin

There has been a dispute regarding Indonesia's delayed notification of aflatoxins found in groundnut shipments from India. Exporters are raising concerns about the timing of this notification, which has led to trade tensions between the two countries. About Aflatoxins Aflatoxins are toxic chemicals (mycotoxins) produced by certain fungi, specifically from the Aspergillus species. The

01 Nov,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) for 2023-24

The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) has released the Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) for 2023-24, showcasing the performance and trends in India's industrial sector. Gross Value Added (GVA) Growth GVA grew by 11.89%, higher than both output (5.80%) and input (4.71%), indicating that the industrial sector is becoming more efficient, with a greater v

01 Nov,2025 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

Indian Wolf

The Indian wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) has been evaluated separately by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) for the first time, marking an important step towards understanding and conserving this unique subspecies. About the Indian Wolf Species: The Indian wolf is a subspecies of the Grey Wolf (Canis lupus) and is found primarily across the Indian subcontinent

01 Nov,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Integrated Alert System (SACHET)

At the ongoing G20 Ministerial Meeting in Durban, India highlighted its disaster risk reduction (DRR) efforts, with a key focus on SACHET, India's Integrated Alert System. The Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister emphasized India’s multi-agency approach integrating various meteorological, hydrological, seismic, and oceanographic institutions through a Common Alert Protocol (CAP)

01 Nov,2025 GS-3 Disaster Management

Pradhan Mantri Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana

The Pradhan Mantri Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana (PMDDKY) is a major new initiative by the Indian government aimed at transforming the agricultural sector, especially in regions facing significant challenges. Key Points of PMDDKY: Launch and Budget: The scheme was launched recently alongside the Mission for Aatmanirbharta in Pulses. Total outlay: ₹35,440 cror

31 Oct,2025 GS-3 Issues Related to Direct & Indirect Farm Subsidies & Minimum Support Prices

Green Sea Turtle

The Green Sea Turtle (Chelonia mydas) has recently seen a positive shift in its IUCN Red List status. Previously classified as Endangered, the species' status has improved to Least Concern due to sustained conservation efforts. Key Facts About the Green Sea Turtle: Largest Hard-Shelled Sea Turtle: The Green Sea Turtle holds the title of the largest hard-shelled sea turtle spe

31 Oct,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board

The recent move by the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB) to invite stakeholder and consumer comments on an LPG interoperability framework is an innovative step in improving the convenience and accessibility of LPG refills for consumers. If implemented, this framework would allow households to draw LPG refills from distributors of other PSU oil companies, much like the concept

31 Oct,2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

World Commission on Protected Areas

The IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) plays a pivotal role in global conservation efforts. Recently, the Director of Kaziranga National Park and Tiger Reserve received the Kenton R. Miller Award, highlighting the park's exemplary contribution to conservation and protected area management. About IUCN’s World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA): The WCPA is one of

31 Oct,2025 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Payments Regulatory Board

The establishment of the Payments Regulatory Board (PRB) by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) marks a significant step in strengthening the governance and oversight of India’s payment systems. Composition of the PRB: Chair: The RBI Governor will chair the PRB, which aligns with the central role the RBI plays in regulating and supervising the country’s payment systems.

31 Oct,2025 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Southern Right Whale

The Southern Right Whale (scientific name Eubalaena australis) has recently shown concerning signs of reduced calf production, suggesting that climate change may be disrupting their reproduction. These whales, once heavily hunted for their valuable body parts, have made a notable recovery, but now they face new threats, including the ongoing impacts of environmental disruptions. About the S

30 Oct,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

AIM-120 AMRAAM Missile

Pakistan may soon receive AIM-120 Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missiles (AMRAAM) from the United States following its first shipment of mineral samples to Washington as part of a rare earths deal. About AIM-120 AMRAAM Missile The AIM-120 AMRAAM (Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile) is one of the most widely used beyond-visual-range (BVR) air combat weapons in the world, offerin

29 Oct,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

AgriEnIcs Programme

The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) recently announced the transfer of technology under the AgriEnIcs Programme. This marks a significant step in advancing technological integration in agriculture and environmental management in India, with the aim to enhance precision in these sectors. About the AgriEnIcs Programme The AgriEnIcs Programme is a national initiat

29 Oct,2025 GS-3 E-Technology in the Aid of Farmers, Technology Missions

Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve (CDBR)

The Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve (CDBR), located in Himachal Pradesh, India, has recently earned global recognition as it has been included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR) by UNESCO, alongside 25 other biosphere reserves from different countries. Key Facts about the Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve Location: Region: Situated in the Trans-Himalayan regio

29 Oct,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

SAKSHAM System

The Indian Army has recently initiated the procurement of the SAKSHAM Counter-Unmanned Aerial System (CUAS) Grid System, marking a significant step toward enhancing airspace security and countering drone threats on the battlefield. About SAKSHAM System The SAKSHAM system stands for Situational Awareness for Kinetic Soft and Hard Kill Assets Management. It is an indigenously developed and

29 Oct,2025 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve (STR)

The Madras High Court recently directed authorities to take appropriate action against all illegal resorts and tourist lodges functioning within the prohibited zone of the Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve (STR). This decision aims to protect the reserve's wildlife and ecosystems from unregulated tourism and construction activities that could disturb the reserve's biodiversity. About Sat

29 Oct,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Reinforcement Learning (RL)

The DeepSeek-AI team has recently published a paper discussing their model, called R1, which is capable of developing new forms of reasoning using reinforcement learning (RL). The paper highlights how the R1 model could learn to tackle complex tasks through trial and error, guided only by rewards for correct actions, without needing explicit human guidance. About Reinforcement Learning (RL)

29 Oct,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Hydroelectric Project

The Subansiri Upper Hydroelectric Project has been a subject of intense debate and protest, especially following recent demonstrations in Daporijo, Arunachal Pradesh. Subansiri Upper Hydroelectric Project: Project Overview: Location: The project is planned on the Subansiri River in Arunachal Pradesh, which is part of the Brahmaputra River Basin. Installed Capacity: The

28 Oct,2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

Foreign Currency Settlement System (FCSS)

The Foreign Currency Settlement System (FCSS) has been launched by the Union Finance Minister at the International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) in Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT City). About Foreign Currency Settlement System (FCSS) What is the FCSS? The Foreign Currency Settlement System (FCSS) aims to facilitate foreign currency transactions between IFSC Banking U

28 Oct,2025 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT)

Recently, the Chief Justice of India praised the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) for its significant contribution to the justice delivery system, especially marking its 84th anniversary. About the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) The Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) is a quasi-judicial institution established in 1941. It is specialized in handling appeals related to direct

28 Oct,2025 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA)

Recently, the Supreme Court of India has sought responses from the Centre, the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA), and other concerned parties regarding a Public Interest Litigation (PIL). This PIL seeks a CBI probe into an alleged organised tiger-poaching and illegal wildlife trade racket operating in states like Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. About the National Tiger Conservat

28 Oct,2025 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI)

Recently, as part of its ongoing pan-India initiative "Operation Weed Out", the Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) successfully seized 39.2 kg of hydroponic weed at Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport in Mumbai. This operation reflects the agency's continued efforts in curbing drug trafficking and smuggling activities across the country. About Directorate

27 Oct,2025 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Tomahawk missile

The Tomahawk missile has recently been a focal point in global geopolitics, with Russian President Vladimir Putin warning that the potential approval of its delivery to Ukraine by US President Donald Trump could severely damage relations between Washington and Moscow. About the Tomahawk Missile: The Tomahawk missile is an American-made long-range cruise missile primarily used for deep la

26 Oct,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Production Gap Report 2025

The Production Gap Report 2025 reveals a troubling trend: many countries are planning to increase fossil fuel production well beyond the levels needed to limit global warming to 1.5°C as per the Paris Agreement. Despite commitments to climate goals, fossil fuel production is on track to significantly outpace what is necessary to prevent catastrophic climate change. About the Production

25 Oct,2025 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)

Recently, Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) has been spreading rapidly among children in Delhi and neighboring Haryana, prompting both health experts and schools to issue advisories to the public. The highly contagious viral infection is typically seen in children but can also affect adults in rare cases. About Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) HFMD is caused by several types of vi

25 Oct,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary

As part of the Wildlife Week celebrations, Delhi's Forest and Wildlife Department recently announced six days of daily bird walks at the Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary. About Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary The Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary is a significant ecological area located on the Southern Delhi Ridge of the Aravalli hill range, straddling the Delhi-Haryana border. Loc

25 Oct,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Dhvani Missile

India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is on the verge of a historic milestone with the upcoming test of Dhvani, a next-generation hypersonic missile that is set to propel India into an elite group of military superpowers. What is the Dhvani Missile? The Dhvani is a hypersonic glide vehicle (HGV), a revolutionary weapon system that combines extreme speed with un

24 Oct,2025 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

India's Roadmap for Fusion Power

India's Institute for Plasma Research (IPR) in Gandhinagar has recently proposed a comprehensive roadmap for the development of fusion power, marking a significant leap towards harnessing fusion energy as a potential solution to the country's growing energy needs. The central element of this roadmap is the development of the Steady-state Superconducting Tokamak-Bharat (SST-Bharat) r

24 Oct,2025 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB)

Scientists at the CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) have made a significant discovery regarding how white blood cells can adapt their internal skeletons to better combat pathogens. This discovery is an important advancement in understanding how the body’s immune cells respond to infections at the cellular level. About the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (

24 Oct,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Compressive Asphyxia

The tragic stampede at the Tamilaga Vetri Kazhagam (TVK) rally in Velusamypuram has claimed 41 lives, with doctors attributing most fatalities to compressive asphyxia caused by the crowd crush. What is Asphyxia? Asphyxia, or asphyxiation, refers to a condition where the body does not get enough oxygen to function properly. Respiration is the process through which we breathe in oxygen, which

23 Oct,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Mono Ethylene Glycol

The textile industry in India has recently appealed to the government to not levy an anti-dumping duty on Mono Ethylene Glycol (MEG). MEG is one of the primary raw materials used in the production of polyester fibre and filament, which are essential for textile manufacturing. The textile sector has raised concerns that the imposition of such duties may lead to higher costs for manufacturers an

23 Oct,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Painted Stork

A pair of painted storks has recently been spotted in Kaziranga National Park and Tiger Reserve (KNPTR) after a four-year hiatus. About the Painted Stork The painted stork (scientific name: Mycteria leucocephala) is a large wading bird belonging to the stork family Distribution: Painted storks are commonly found across the Indian Subcontinent, extending into Southeast Asia. The

23 Oct,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Commission for Air Quality Management in National Capital Region and Adjoining Areas (CAQM)

As the paddy harvest season begins in northern India, the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) has ramped up its efforts to curb stubble burning. This agricultural practice is one of the key contributors to winter air pollution in the National Capital Region (NCR), particularly affecting Delhi and its surrounding areas. About the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) The C

23 Oct,2025 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

National Dam Safety Authority (NDSA)

The National Dam Safety Authority (NDSA) recently came into focus after two years of political and administrative controversy over the structural integrity of the Kaleshwaram project barrages. The Indian government has decided to repair the three barrages of the project based on the suggestions provided by the NDSA, which has been tasked with ensuring the safety of dams across the country.

22 Oct,2025 GS-3 Disaster Management

Cassini Spacecraft

NASA's Cassini spacecraft, which completed its historic mission in 2017, has once again provided groundbreaking insights into the potential for life beyond Earth. A reanalysis of Cassini's data has uncovered more evidence that Saturn's moon Enceladus may harbor the conditions necessary to support life. Key Highlights from Recent Findings New Evidence of Habitability: Fr

22 Oct,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Global Innovation Index (GII) 2025

India has made remarkable strides in the field of innovation, moving up from 48th position in 2020 to 38th in 2025 among 139 global economies, according to the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). This marks a significant improvement, reflecting India's growing capabilities and investments in innovation. Key Highlights of the GII 2025 India's Rank: India ranks

22 Oct,2025 GS-3 Economic Index

Koalas and Chlamydia Vaccine

Australia has recently approved the world’s first vaccine designed to protect koalas from Chlamydia, a major health threat to the iconic marsupial. About Koalas Koalas (scientific name: Phascolarctos cinereus) are herbivorous marsupials native to Australia. They are most commonly found in eucalyptus forests and are arboreal, meaning they spend most of their time in trees. Known for

21 Oct,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Pink Tax in India

In a recent development, the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC) has ruled that companies in India must adhere to fair pricing policies and avoid gender-based price discrimination. This decision has brought attention to the ongoing issue of the Pink Tax, although no specific laws currently address this in India. What is the Pink Tax? The Pink Tax refers to the practic

21 Oct,2025 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Hypersonic Missile

India's successful hypersonic missile test marks a significant milestone in the country's defense capabilities, particularly in the realm of advanced missile technology. India Tests Its First Hypersonic Missile Successful Flight Test: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully flight-tested a long-range hypersonic missile off the coast of Odisha.

19 Feb,2025 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

India Successfully Tests K-4 Nuclear-Capable Missile

India Successfully Tests K-4 Nuclear-Capable Missile Overview of the Test: India has successfully test-fired the K-4, an indigenously developed nuclear-capable ballistic missile, from the INS Arighaat, a nuclear-powered submarine, located in the Bay of Bengal. K-4 has a strike range of over 3,500 km, which enhances India's strategic deterrence and brings the country in line

19 Feb,2025 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

ABHYAS - High-Speed Expendable Aerial Target (HEAT)

ABHYAS - High-Speed Expendable Aerial Target (HEAT) Overview: The Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully carried out flight trials of ABHYAS-HEAT, an autonomous expendable aerial target developed for weapon practice and missile testing. ABHYAS is a part of India's indigenous defense development efforts to enhance the capabilities of the armed fo

11 Jan,2025 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Green GDP

Green GDP Chhattisgarh's initiative to link forest ecosystem services with Green GDP marks a significant step toward sustainable development. By becoming the first state in India to adopt such an approach, it sets an example for integrating environmental well-being into economic metrics. What is Green GDP? Green GDP is an alternative economic indicator that considers the environmental

10 Jan,2025 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

nuclear power

nuclear power The Indian government's recent move to involve private players in the nuclear power sector marks a transformative shift, aiming to boost efficiency, innovation, and investment. The introduction of Bharat Small Reactors (BSRs) represents a significant step toward achieving India’s decarbonization and energy security goals. Key Features of the Initiative Bharat

10 Jan,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

NPCI Extends Market Cap Deadline for UPI Apps

NPCI Extends Market Cap Deadline for UPI Apps Why in News? The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) has extended the deadline for Third-Party App Providers (TPAPs) to comply with the 30% transaction cap on Unified Payments Interface (UPI) transaction volumes until 31st December 2026. Key Points: Impact on Major UPI Players: This extension impacts major TPAPs like PhonePe

09 Jan,2025 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Incineration Process:

Incineration Process: The plan to incinerate 337 tonnes of chemical waste from the Bhopal gas tragedy in Pithampur has sparked mixed reactions regarding the process of incineration. This treatment method, though effective in certain contexts, comes with significant challenges and environmental concerns. What is Incineration? Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves the cont

07 Jan,2025 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Data Centres

Data Centres India’s data centre sector is experiencing significant growth, with projections indicating that its capacity will double by FY27. This growth is being driven by several key factors, including digitalization, the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the rollout of 5G, and data localization laws. However, challenges such as infrastructure gaps, the need for sustainable pow

06 Jan,2025 GS-3 Investment Models

Tapping Renewable Energy Potential in India

Tapping Renewable Energy Potential in India India's renewable energy capacity is poised for significant growth, with the government targeting an ambitious 500 GW non-fossil fuel energy target by 2030. This growth is expected to come from various renewable sources, particularly wind and solar power. Recently, the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy has urged states to ease land availability

06 Jan,2025 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Impact of Climate Change on Water and Energy Demand

Impact of Climate Change on Water and Energy Demand The growing interplay between climate change, water availability, and energy demand presents a significant challenge to sustainable development. As global temperatures rise, both energy and water resources face increasing stress, necessitating integrated resource management to mitigate these effects. How Climate Change Affects Energy Demand

04 Jan,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Cameroon Islands and Douala-Edea National Park

Cameroon Islands and Douala-Edea National Park Context: In Cameroon, the NGO Papaye International runs a sanctuary for orphaned chimpanzees across three islands within the Douala-Edea National Park. This initiative is part of the larger conservation efforts to protect the region's unique wildlife, including endangered chimpanzees. Cameroon Islands: The Cameroon Islands are pa

03 Jan,2025 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Frontier Technologies in Defence

Frontier Technologies in Defence Context In a recent address to officers at the Army War College (AWC) in Mhow, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh underscored the critical importance of mastering frontier technologies in contemporary warfare. As global security dynamics evolve, the Indian defence forces need to integrate advanced technologies to maintain strategic superiority. What Are Fronti

03 Jan,2025 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Parker Solar Probe

Parker Solar Probe In News: NASA scientists recently announced that the Parker Solar Probe successfully survived its closest-ever approach to the Sun. This milestone marks a significant achievement in solar exploration and science. About Parker Solar Probe The Parker Solar Probe is a NASA mission designed to deepen our understanding of the Sun, particularly its atmosphere and the solar

02 Jan,2025 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Underutilization of Operation Greens Scheme

Underutilization of Operation Greens Scheme Why in News? A recent Parliamentary Standing Committee (PSC) report has highlighted the underperformance of the Operation Greens (OG) scheme, drawing attention to its limited success in addressing challenges in agricultural markets and post-harvest losses. The report raises concerns about the government’s ability to stabilize crop prices and

02 Jan,2025 GS-3 Public Distribution System Objectives, Functioning, Limitations, Revamping

State of E-Waste in India

E-waste in India is a rapidly growing problem, exacerbated by the increasing usage of electronic and electrical devices across the country. The volume of e-waste generation has surged in recent years, and the management of this waste remains a significant challenge. Here's an overview of the state of e-waste in India: Volume Growth E-waste Generation: India’s e-waste gene

02 Jan,2025 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Lead Pollution in India:

Lead Pollution in India: Context: A recent UNICEF report highlighted the alarming fact that India is home to nearly 50% of the global child population affected by lead pollution. Of the 800 million children globally exposed to lead, approximately 275 million are in India. This severe public health issue requires urgent attention and stronger action to mitigate its impact. What is Lead?

01 Jan,2025 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

RBI's Trends and Progress of Banking in India 2023-24 Report

RBI's Trends and Progress of Banking in India 2023-24 Report The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in its latest report raised alarms about emerging risks in the financial ecosystem, particularly related to unsecured lending and private credit. 1. Decline in Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) GNPAs (Gross Non-Performing Assets) reached a 13-year low of 2.7% by March 2024, further improving

01 Jan,2025 GS-3 Economic Index

Cess and Surcharges in India

Cess and Surcharges in India Arvind Panagariya, Chairman of the 16th Finance Commission, recently termed the increasing reliance of the Centre on cesses and surcharges as a "complicated issue." This has raised debates on the fiscal implications and fairness of such tax measures in India’s federal structure. What are Cess and Surcharges? Cess: A cess is a

13 Dec,2024 GS-3 Government Budgeting

Banking Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024

Banking Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 In News: The Banking Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 was recently passed by the Lok Sabha. This bill seeks to amend multiple key banking laws in India to improve the regulatory framework, enhance operational efficiency, and align with contemporary banking practices. About the Bill: The Banking Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 amends the following important laws

10 Dec,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

One Rank One Pension (OROP) Scheme

One Rank One Pension (OROP) Scheme Why in News? Recently, the Prime Minister commemorated the implementation of the One Rank One Pension (OROP) scheme, which was officially rolled out on 7th November 2015, with pension benefits effective from 1st July 2014. The scheme is a significant step towards addressing the long-standing demands of Indian armed forces veterans and aims to provide unifor

10 Dec,2024 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

PROBA-3 Mission:

PROBA-3 Mission: In News: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is gearing up to launch the PROBA-3 mission satellites into orbit with the help of its PSLV-C59 vehicle. This mission is a collaboration between the European Space Agency (ESA) and ISRO, with the launch scheduled from Sriharikota, India. About the PROBA-3 Mission: PROBA-3, short for Project for Onboard Autonomy, is

10 Dec,2024 GS-3 Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology

Nano Bubble Technology:

Nano Bubble Technology: What is Nano Bubble Technology? Nano Bubble Technology is an innovative water treatment method that utilizes extremely small bubbles, known as nanobubbles, to improve water quality. These bubbles are so tiny—less than 200 nanometers in diameter—that they are invisible to the human eye. Despite their size, nanobubbles offer unique properties that make them hi

09 Dec,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

INDIA'S GIG ECONOMY

INDIA'S GIG ECONOMY Introduction: The gig economy in India is rapidly expanding, with projections indicating substantial growth in the coming years. A recent white paper by the Forum for Progressive Gig Workers estimates that the gig economy will grow at a CAGR of 17%, reaching a value of USD 455 billion by 2024, driving economic growth and creating job opportunities. The gig economy, pr

08 Dec,2024 GS-3 Effects of Liberalization on the Economy

India’s Agreement with ADB for Horticulture Productivity

India’s Agreement with ADB for Horticulture Productivity India has signed a $98 million loan agreement with the Asian Development Bank (ADB) aimed at improving horticulture productivity. This initiative focuses on enhancing plant health and providing disease-free planting materials to farmers, thereby improving crop yield, quality, and climate resilience. Key Aspects of the L

07 Dec,2024 GS-3 Food Processing & Related Industries in India

Windfall Tax

Windfall Tax The Indian government recently abolished the windfall tax on exports of crude oil, aviation turbine fuel (ATF), petrol, and diesel. This decision comes after the government imposed the tax in 2022 to capture extraordinary profits in the wake of high global oil prices, largely driven by geopolitical events like the Russia-Ukraine war. About Windfall Tax Definition A windfal

07 Dec,2024 GS-3 Effects of Liberalization on the Economy

13th Edition of National Seed Congress (NSC)

13th Edition of National Seed Congress (NSC) The 13th edition of the National Seed Congress (NSC) recently took place, bringing together scientists, policymakers, and industry representatives for a three-day event aimed at strengthening the agricultural sector both in India and globally. The NSC serves as an important platform for discussing innovations in the seed industry, fostering collabora

06 Dec,2024 GS-3 E-Technology in the Aid of Farmers, Technology Missions

Hybrid Warfare: An Evolving Threat

Hybrid Warfare: An Evolving Threat Context Hybrid warfare refers to the use of diverse and unconventional tactics, combining military force with non-military tools like espionage, cyberattacks, disinformation, and political interference. The recent accusation against Russia for employing hybrid warfare tactics since its invasion of Ukraine has brought renewed attention to this evolving form

05 Dec,2024 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Network Readiness Index (NRI) 2024: India's Rise

Network Readiness Index (NRI) 2024: India's Rise Context: India has made significant progress in the Network Readiness Index (NRI) 2024, climbing 11 positions to secure the 49th rank globally, up from 60th in 2023. This improvement reflects India's efforts to bolster its digital infrastructure and technological capabilities, marking a strong performance across various digital metrics a

05 Dec,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Earth’s Desertification Emergency:

Earth’s Desertification Emergency: In News The 16th session of the UNCCD Conference of Parties (COP16) is being held from December 2-13, 2024, marking the 30th anniversary of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). The theme of COP16 is “Our Land and Our Future”, focusing on the urgent need to address land degradation, desertification, and the broader impacts

05 Dec,2024 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

59th All India Conference of Director Generals/Inspector Generals of Police

59th All India Conference of Director Generals/Inspector Generals of Police Context: The 59th All India Conference of Director Generals/Inspector Generals of Police was recently held in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, where the Prime Minister of India attended and participated in discussions focused on national security and policing strategies. This conference brought together top law enforcement offic

04 Dec,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

Number of Gig & Platform Workers in India

Number of Gig & Platform Workers in India The Indian government has projected that the number of gig workers and platform workers in the country will reach 23.5 million by 2029-30. This highlights the significant growth and employment potential of the gig economy in India. What Are Gig Workers? Gig Workers are individuals engaged in temporary, flexible, or freelance jobs, often

03 Dec,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Centre for Processing Accelerated Corporate Exit (C-PACE)

Centre for Processing Accelerated Corporate Exit (C-PACE) The Centre for Processing Accelerated Corporate Exit (C-PACE) has been set up to streamline and expedite the process of company closures in India. The initiative aims to significantly reduce the time required for the voluntary winding-up of companies, bringing the process down to 70-90 days. Key Objectives and Functions Accel

03 Dec,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Jim Corbett National Park:

Jim Corbett National Park: Jim Corbett National Park, located in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand, is one of the most renowned national parks in India. It is part of the Corbett Tiger Reserve and plays a significant role in wildlife conservation, particularly in protecting the Bengal tiger. Established in 1936 as Hailey National Park, it is the oldest national park in India and

03 Dec,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

FDI in Insurance Sector

FDI in Insurance Sector Context The Union Finance Ministry has released a consultation paper proposing to increase the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) limit in the insurance sector from 74% to 100%. This move is part of the government’s broader efforts to enhance the growth and accessibility of the insurance sector in India. Background and Overview Previous FDI Reforms

02 Dec,2024 GS-3 Investment Models

PM-WANI: Prime Minister's Wi-Fi Access Network Interface

PM-WANI: Prime Minister's Wi-Fi Access Network Interface The Prime Minister's Wi-Fi Access Network Interface (PM-WANI) framework is gaining attention for its role in enhancing internet accessibility across India. With 246,993 hotspots installed as of November 2024, the initiative has become a crucial part of India’s Digital India mission, aimed at providing widespread an

02 Dec,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Rising Digital Arrests and Cyber Scams in India

Rising Digital Arrests and Cyber Scams in India Why in News? In 2024, India has witnessed a significant increase in digital arrests, with over 92,000 victims defrauded under the guise of resolving tax or legal issues. Cybercriminals are impersonating law enforcement officials and government agencies, leading to substantial financial losses. Key Facts About Digital Arrests Overvie

01 Dec,2024 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Indian Tourism Sector

In News The Centre has approved ₹3,295 crore in interest-free loans for tourism infrastructure development across states. These funds are part of the Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment (SASCI) scheme, with a focus on developing tourism infrastructure in the country. The loans are long-term, interest-free, and will be repaid over 50 years, aiming to boost local economies, create

01 Dec,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Mangroves in Coastal Resilience

01 Nov,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Species in News: Sturgeon

Sturgeons are among the most endangered species groups on Earth, with a lineage dating back to the age of dinosaurs. The WWF report has highlighted alarming trends in illegal sturgeon fishing and trade, impacting over 1,000 species in the last five years. Key Points Endangered Status: Sturgeons are considered the most endangered species group globally, primarily due to illegal fishing and

31 Aug,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Amendments in Indexation for Long-Term Capital Gains (LTCG)

Recently, the Ministry of Finance announced an amendment concerning the Long-Term Capital Gains (LTCG) tax on real estate, responding to criticism regarding earlier proposals made in the Budget 2024-25. Key Aspects of the Amendment Choice for Taxpayers: Taxpayers are now given the option to choose between a new, lower LTCG tax rate or to continue with the existing regime, which offers a h

31 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Gross Environment Product Index (GEPI) in Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand has pioneered the launch of the Gross Environment Product Index (GEPI), marking a significant step towards integrating environmental metrics into economic planning. What is GEPI? Definition: GEPI is a novel framework designed to evaluate ecological development and the impacts of human activities on the environment. Four Pillars: Air Soil Water Trees (Forest) Formul

30 Aug,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Sub-zero temperature batteries

The development of sub-zero temperature batteries by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) is a significant advancement, particularly for applications in extreme cold conditions. Key Features Performance in Cold Conditions: Conventional batteries often lose efficiency or fail altogether in sub-zero temperatures. The new design aims to overcome these limitations, maki

29 Aug,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Rice Varieties

Recent research by biotechnologists at Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (GGU) in New Delhi has highlighted significant variations in nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) among popular rice varieties in India. Key Findings Definition of NUE: Nitrogen Use Efficiency measures the yield of a crop relative to the nitrogen available to it, whether from natural sources or synthetic fertilizers

29 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary

Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary is a newly declared Ramsar Site, located in the Tiruppur district of Tamil Nadu, India. This designation highlights the sanctuary's significance as a wetland of international importance. Key Features Location: The sanctuary is situated along the banks of the Noyyal River, an area that provides a rich habitat for various bird species and contributes to the reg

28 Aug,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

National Pest Surveillance System (NPSS)

The National Pest Surveillance System (NPSS), launched by the Union Government of India on August 15, is an innovative AI-based platform designed to enhance pest management for farmers across the country. This initiative aims to improve agricultural productivity while promoting sustainable practices by reducing reliance on pesticides. Key Features of NPSS AI-Driven Analysis: The NPSS ut

28 Aug,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Directed Energy Weapons (DEWs)

Why in the News? India has recently made significant investments in the development and deployment of Directed Energy Weapons (DEWs), reflecting a strategic shift in modern warfare technologies. What are Directed Energy Weapons (DEWs)? Definition: DEWs are weapons that use concentrated energy, such as electromagnetic waves or particles, instead of traditional kinetic energy (e.g., bullet

28 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Lithium Reserves in India

The Atomic Minerals Directorate for Exploration and Research has identified 1,600 tonnes of lithium resources in the Mandya district of Karnataka. This discovery is poised to have several significant implications for India. Implications of Lithium Discovery Reduced Import Dependence: Currently, India heavily relies on imports for lithium, primarily from China and Hong Kong. Domestic reser

27 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Comparative Population Trend Analysis: Tiger, Leopard, Snow Leopard, and Asiatic Elephant

Census Methodology The population trends of these species are assessed using various methodologies, including: Camera Traps Pugmark Tracking Habitat Assessment Genetic Analysis Acronyms WII: Wildlife Institute of India NTCA: National Tiger Conservation Authority Population Trends and Conservation Status Species IUCN Red List Stat

27 Aug,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

ISDRA2TNPB

The development of the miniature plant genome editing tool ISDRA2TNPB by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) marks an important advancement in plant biotechnology. Overview of ISDRA2TNPB What is ISDRA2TNPB? ISDRA2TNPB is a next-generation genome editing tool designed to enhance plant genome editing capabilities. It addresses some limitations of the more widely known CRIS

27 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

A Denial-of-Service (DoS)

A Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack is a malicious attempt to disrupt the normal functioning of a server, service, or network by overwhelming it with excessive traffic. When multiple systems are used to carry out the attack, it becomes a Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack. In the case of the conversation between Elon Musk and Donald Trump on X (formerly Twitter), Musk blamed a massive DDoS a

27 Aug,2024 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Astra Mark 1

The Astra Mark 1 is a state-of-the-art Beyond Visual Range (BVR) air-to-air missile (AAM) system designed for the Indian Air Force (IAF). The IAF has recently approved the production of 200 Astra Mark 1 missiles, marking a significant boost to India’s air combat capabilities. Key Features of Astra Mark 1 Missile: BVR Class: Astra is a Beyond Visual Range missile, allowing it to enga

26 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Open Market Sale Scheme (OMSS)

Recent Developments The Government of India has announced that grain-deficient states can now directly purchase food grains from the Food Corporation of India (FCI) under the Open Market Sale Scheme (Domestic) (OMSS [D]) without having to participate in e-auctions. This decision aims to address the surplus stock of grains before the upcoming procurement season. Overview of OMSS Procure

25 Aug,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

National Monsoon Mission (NMM)

The upcoming new mission to improve weather forecasting in India, with a budget surpassing Rs 10,000 crore, builds on the success of the existing National Monsoon Mission (NMM). This enhanced mission is designed to leverage advanced technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and cutting-edge weather forecasting tools, to provide more precise and hyperlocal predict

25 Aug,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Californium

Recently, Bihar Police seized 50 grams of Californium, highlighting the potential dangers associated with this highly radioactive metal. Here’s a closer look at Californium, its characteristics, and its applications. What is Californium? Definition: Californium (symbol: Cf) is a synthetic, radioactive chemical element with the atomic number 98. It belongs to the actinide series of e

25 Aug,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Tawa Reservoir

Tawa Reservoir, recently declared a Ramsar site, is situated in the Narmada Puram district of Madhya Pradesh. This important wetland ecosystem plays a key role in supporting both biodiversity and water management. Key Features Location: The reservoir is located inside the Satpura Tiger Reserve, bordering Satpura National Park and Bori Wildlife Sanctuary. Its strategic location within thes

25 Aug,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Integrated Fire Management (IFM)

After two decades, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has updated its Integrated Fire Management (IFM) voluntary guidelines for managing wildfire risks. These guidelines were prepared by the Global Fire Management Hub (GFMH), launched by FAO and UNEP in 2023. Key Principles of IFM Economic: Aim to maximize benefits and minimize wildfire losses through efficient IFM programs.

24 Aug,2024 GS-3 Disaster Management

Push for the MRO Industry in India

The Indian government is taking significant steps to enhance the Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) industry, particularly in the aviation sector. Recent policy changes aim to boost competitiveness, foster innovation, and establish a robust framework for MRO services in the country. Key Policy Changes Uniform 5% IGST Rate: The government has introduced a uniform Integrated Goods an

24 Aug,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Solar Paraboloid Technology

Definition: Solar Paraboloid Technology is a form of solar thermal energy technology that utilizes parabolic mirrors to concentrate sunlight onto a single focal point. This concentrated solar energy can then be converted into heat, electricity, or used to facilitate various chemical processes. Key Features Concentration of Solar Energy: The parabolic shape of the mirrors focuses sunlight

23 Aug,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Bandhavgarh National Park

Bandhavgarh National Park is a renowned wildlife sanctuary located in the Umaria district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is celebrated for its rich biodiversity and is particularly famous for its tiger population. Geographic Location Location: Situated in the heart of India, Bandhavgarh lies between the Vindhya Range and the eastern slopes of the Satpura Hill ranges. Area: The park covers

23 Aug,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Transit Oriented Development (TOD)

Why in the News? The Union Budget 2024-25 announced a plan for the Union Government to develop a transit-oriented development (TOD) strategy for 14 major cities with populations exceeding 3 million, focusing on implementation and financial strategies. What is Transit-Oriented Development? Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) integrates land use and transport planning to create sustainable u

22 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Global Employment Trends (GET) for Youth 2024 Report

The International Labour Organization (ILO) has published the Global Employment Trends for Youth 2024 report, marking its 20th anniversary. The report highlights significant achievements, ongoing challenges, and future outlooks for youth employment globally. Key Highlights Post-COVID Recovery: The global youth unemployment rate stands at 13% in 2023, the lowest in 15 years. Approximat

22 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Green National Highway Corridors Project (GNHCP)

The Green National Highway Corridors Project (GNHCP) is a significant initiative by the Union Government of India in collaboration with the World Bank. This project aims to promote sustainable highway construction while enhancing connectivity across several states. Key Details Project Length: The GNHCP encompasses a total length of 781 km, covering the states of Himachal Pradesh, Rajastha

22 Aug,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

India's Nuclear Doctrine

India's celebration of 25 years of its nuclear doctrine marks a significant milestone in its defense and strategic posture. India's nuclear doctrine, established after its 1998 nuclear tests, has shaped its approach to nuclear deterrence, security, and disarmament on the global stage. Key Features of India's Nuclear Doctrine: Credible Minimum Deterrent: India aims to maintain

21 Aug,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

Forever Chemicals (PFAS)

Definition: Forever chemicals refer to a group of synthetic compounds known as Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) that persist in the environment and accumulate in living organisms, earning the term "forever" because they are resistant to degradation. Key Characteristics: Persistence: PFAS can remain in the environment for hundreds of years without breaking down. Bioa

21 Aug,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Creative Economy

Why in the News? The Indian Chamber of Commerce has launched the All India Initiative on Creative Economy (AIICE) to harness the potential of India's creative industries. Creative Economy or Orange Economy Definition: The creative economy encompasses knowledge-based economic activities that generate growth and development through creative assets. Creative Industries: These involve t

20 Aug,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Earth Observation Satellite

ISRO has successfully launched the Earth Observation Satellite (EOS-08) as part of the SSLV-D3 mission from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota. Launch Details Satellite: EOS-08 Launch Vehicle: Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV)-D3 Launch Location: Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota Orbit: Circular Low Earth Orbit at an altitude of 475 km Inclination: 37.4°

19 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

River Linking Project

The River Linking Project is a significant initiative in India aimed at addressing the country's water scarcity, flood control, and irrigation needs by interlinking rivers. Recent Developments: The Maharashtra government recently approved the Wainganga-Nalganga river linking project, which is part of the National River Linking Project (NRLP). Key Details: Wainganga-Nalganga Proj

19 Aug,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Extremophiles: Life in Extreme Environments

Extremophiles are organisms that thrive in extreme environmental conditions, which would typically be inhospitable to most life forms. They have developed unique adaptations to survive in such environments through specialized biological and biochemical processes. Characteristics of Extremophiles: Adaptation: Extremophiles adapt to extreme environments such as high or low temperatures, ext

18 Aug,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Livestock Sector in India

Why in the News? The Cabinet recently approved the Sustainable Livestock Health and Production Scheme with a total outlay of ₹1,702 crore. This initiative aims to increase farmers' income from livestock and dairy production. Key Components of the Scheme: Animal Health Management: Enhancing veterinary education and infrastructure. Dairy Production and Technology Development: Fos

18 Aug,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Sea Level Rise

Sea Level Rise (SLR) is a critical environmental issue gaining attention due to its potential impact on coastal cities and ecosystems. The recent report titled 'Sea Level Rise Scenarios and Inundation Maps for Selected Indian Coastal Cities' by the Centre for Study of Science, Technology, and Policy (CSTEP) highlights the alarming rate of sea-level rise in India. Key Observations from

18 Aug,2024 GS-3 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

Exercise Tarang Shakti 2024

Exercise Tarang Shakti 2024 is the Indian Air Force's (IAF) largest-ever multilateral air exercise, marking India's first multilateral air drill in six decades. This exercise, involving around 150 aircraft and participants from nearly 30 countries, serves to strengthen military partnerships and demonstrate air power on a global scale. It is part of India's growing focus on defense coop

17 Aug,2024 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

Kazhveli Bird Sanctuary

Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary is one of the newest additions to India's Ramsar sites, further elevating Tamil Nadu's status as a key conservation region. With the inclusion of Kazhuveli and Nanjarayan, Tamil Nadu now has 18 Ramsar sites, the highest number in India, underscoring the state's commitment to wetland conservation. Key Features Location: Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary is locat

16 Aug,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Indian Ocean Structures: Indian Names

India has successfully proposed names for three geographical structures located along the Southwest Indian Ridge in the Indian Ocean. These names have been approved by the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) and UNESCO’s Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC). Newly Named Structures Ashoka Seamount: Named after the rulers of the Mauryan dynasty. Discovered in

16 Aug,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Fixed Dose Combination Drugs

Why in the News? The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in India has recently prohibited the manufacture, sale, or distribution of 156 fixed-dose combination (FDC) medicines. This action is aligned with the powers granted under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act of 1940. Previous Actions: Earlier in 2023, the ministry had banned 14 FDCs due to similar concerns. Reasons for Ban: The banned F

16 Aug,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

New Schemes for the Agriculture Sector

The Cabinet has approved seven major schemes aimed at enhancing farmers’ lives and livelihoods, with a total outlay of ₹14,235.30 crore. This initiative addresses several pressing issues faced by the agricultural sector. Current Status of Farmers’ Lives and Livelihoods Demographics: As of 2021, 65% of India's population resides in rural areas, with 47% dependent on agric

15 Aug,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Antarctica’s Deep Winter Heatwave

Antarctica is currently experiencing an unprecedented deep-winter heatwave, with temperatures soaring up to 28°C above normal. This alarming trend poses significant implications for the region and the global climate. Key Points Record-Breaking Temperatures: Since mid-July, ground temperatures in Antarctica have averaged about 10°C higher than usual, with peaks reaching 28°C

15 Aug,2024 GS-3 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

Central Banker Report Cards 2024

RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das has been awarded an A+ rating in the Global Finance Central Banker Report Cards 2024. This marks his second consecutive year being rated A+ and ranking in the top 3 central bankers globally. Role of Central Banks Central banks are crucial for: Regulating Monetary Policy: They control inflation, manage interest rates, and maintain financial system stab

15 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

National Space Day

India celebrated its Maiden National Space Day (NSD) on August 23, 2024, marking the historic landing of Chandrayaan-3 on the Moon. This special day commemorates India’s success in space exploration and the achievements of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Key Highlights of National Space Day (NSD) Chandrayaan-3's Achievement: On August 23, 2023, Chandrayaan-3 succe

15 Aug,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Renewable Energy in India

India's renewable energy (RE) sector has been making significant progress in recent years, as highlighted by a 165% growth in capacity over the last decade. Renewable energy, which comes from naturally replenishing sources like solar, wind, geothermal, and hydro power, is a key element in India's energy transition. Here's a breakdown of the current status and challenges: Current Sta

14 Aug,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Modal Solar Village Initiative

Overview: The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy has issued guidelines for the Model Solar Village component under the PM-Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana, approved in February 2024. This initiative aims to enhance solar rooftop capacity and empower residential households to generate their own electricity. Financial Commitment: The overall scheme has an outlay of ₹75,021 crore, with the Mode

14 Aug,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

GAURAV

The Long Range Glide Bomb (LRGB) 'GAURAV' was successfully tested by India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) from an Indian Air Force Su-30 MK-I aircraft off the coast of Odisha. This indigenous weapon system marks a significant advancement in India's precision-strike capabilities. Key Features of GAURAV: Air-Launched Glide Bomb: Weighing 1,000 kg, GAU

13 Aug,2024 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

World’s First Thorium Molten Salt Nuclear Power Plant in China

China plans to begin construction on the world’s first molten salt thorium reactor power plant in the Gobi Desert. This technology is set to revolutionize nuclear energy by offering a safer, more efficient, and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional uranium-based reactors. Key Features and Technology Thorium as Fuel: Fissile Conversion: Thorium is not inherently fissi

13 Aug,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

A1 and A2 Milk

hy in the News? Recently, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) withdrew its directive instructing Food Business Operators (FBOs) not to market milk and milk products based on the distinction between A1 and A2 milk. More about the News Previous FSSAI Stance: Initially, FSSAI stated that milk standards, as defined by the Food Safety and Standards (Food Product Standar

12 Aug,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment & Land Reforms

Overview The Government of India has announced the Scheme for Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment 2024-25, aimed at enhancing capital investment and infrastructure development across states. Financial Allocation Total Assistance: ₹10,000 crore for implementing land-related reforms in rural and urban areas. ₹5,000 crore for creating a Farmers’ Registry duri

12 Aug,2024 GS-3 Land Reforms in India

Methanotrophs

Introduction Methanotrophs are specialized microorganisms capable of utilizing methane (CH₄) as their primary source of carbon and energy. Recently, India's first cultures of the indigenous methanotroph Methylocucumis oryzae have been discovered in rice fields and wetlands in Western India, highlighting their ecological importance. Characteristics of Methanotrophs Classification:

12 Aug,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Hayflick Limit

The Hayflick Limit is a biological principle discovered by researcher Leonard Hayflick, who passed away at the age of 98. This concept asserts that normal human cells can only divide a finite number of times before they can no longer replicate, fundamentally altering the perception of aging. Key Points Finite Lifespan of Cells: The discovery indicates that normal somatic cells have a buil

11 Aug,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Omkareshwar Floating Solar Project

Overview: SJVN Green Energy Limited (SGEL), a subsidiary of SJVN, has commissioned a 90 MW floating solar project at the Omkareshwar Floating Solar Park, situated on the River Narmada in Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh. This park is recognized as the largest floating solar park in India. Investment: The project was developed at a cost of ₹646.20 crores. Energy Generation: First-Year Generation:

11 Aug,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Horticulture Sector in India

Why It’s in the News The Indian Cabinet has approved a significant scheme for the sustainable development of horticulture with a budget of Rs 1129.30 crore. This initiative aims to enhance farmers' income through a variety of horticultural crops, including tropical, sub-tropical, temperate, root, tuber, bulbous, vegetable, floriculture, and more. Additionally, a Rs 1,766-crore Clean P

10 Aug,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Climate Finance Action Fund (CFAF)

Azerbaijan has launched the Climate Finance Action Fund (CFAF) as part of its initiatives for the upcoming UN Climate Change Conference (COP29). This fund aims to enhance climate resilience and support sustainable development in developing countries. Key Features of CFAF Headquarters: Located in Baku, Azerbaijan. Purpose: The CFAF is designed to support climate projects in developing

10 Aug,2024 GS-3 Disaster Management

Osmolytes: Role and Importance in Cellular Homeostasis

Recent studies highlight the significant role of osmolytes in helping proteins maintain their structure and function under stressful conditions. These small organic molecules are gaining attention for their potential therapeutic applications, especially in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. What are Osmolytes? Definition: Osmolytes are small organic mo

10 Aug,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Galathea Bay

Galathea Bay is a significant wildlife sanctuary located on Great Nicobar Island in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India. It is known for its rich biodiversity and ecological importance, particularly as a habitat for various endangered species. Key Features Location: Galathea Bay is situated on the southern part of Great Nicobar Island, surrounded by lush forests and pristine beaches.

10 Aug,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Model Skill Loan Scheme

Why in the News? The Government of India has launched a revised Model Skill Loan Scheme to enhance access to skill development courses, addressing financial barriers faced by students and candidates. Key Features of the Scheme Background: This revised scheme replaces the earlier Credit Guarantee Fund Scheme for Skill Development (CCFSSD), initiated in 2015, which aimed to provide credi

09 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Aquatic Deoxygenation

Experts are advocating for the recognition of Aquatic Deoxygenation (AD) as a new planetary boundary, highlighting the critical decline in oxygen content in oceanic and coastal waters. Understanding Aquatic Deoxygenation (AD) Definition: AD refers to the overall decline in the oxygen content of water bodies, occurring when oxygen consumption exceeds oxygen replenishment. Current Stat

09 Aug,2024 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

RBI Revises NPAs Provision Norms for Co-operative Banks

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has introduced revised norms for provisioning Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) among co-operative banks to enhance financial stability and uniformity in the treatment of bad debts. Need for New Norms The new guidelines were necessitated due to some co-operative banks not recognizing the required provisions for NPAs as an expense, which can undermine their financia

08 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Retroviruses: Overview and Mechanism of Action

Recent studies have highlighted the remarkable ability of retroviruses to integrate into and reshape the genomes of their host organisms. This capacity plays a significant role in their pathogenicity and impact on host biology. What are Retroviruses? Retroviruses are a type of virus characterized by their use of RNA as genetic material instead of the more common DNA found in most organisms.

08 Aug,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Super Blue Moon

A Super Blue Moon combines two rare lunar events: a Blue Moon and a Super Moon. Blue Moon Definition: A Blue Moon occurs when there are two full moons in a single calendar month. Color: Despite its name, the moon doesn’t actually appear blue; the term symbolizes rarity and is often used to denote something that happens infrequently. Timing: The lunar cycle is about 29.5 days, wh

08 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Village Defence Guards Provided With Sophisticated Weapons

Overview: Union Minister Jitendra Singh recently announced that Village Defence Guards (VDGs) in the Jammu region have been provided with sophisticated weapons to counter rising terror incidents. This move aims to bolster local defenses and enhance the security framework in the region. Village Defence Guards (VDGs): Background: Formation: VDGs, previously known as Village Defence Commit

08 Aug,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

Collision Avoidance System (CAS)

The Collision Avoidance System (CAS) is an advanced technology designed to enhance safety in transportation, particularly in rail systems. In India, the implementation of Kavach, a homegrown CAS, has gained attention due to recent train accidents highlighting the need for better safety measures. Key Features of CAS Real-Time Data: CAS systems rely on real-time information regarding the po

07 Aug,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

World Bank Report: “The Impact of Climate Change on Education”

The World Bank's report highlights the profound effects of climate change on education, emphasizing how extreme weather events disrupt schooling, lead to learning losses, and increase dropout rates. Key Findings Neglect of Education in Climate Policy: Education has received minimal attention in climate policies. In 2020, it constituted less than 1.3% of climate assistance and was re

07 Aug,2024 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Yen Carry Trade

Background Recently, global stock markets faced sharp declines, driven by cautious investor sentiment influenced by factors like potential economic recession in the US and rising geopolitical tensions in West Asia. However, a significant trigger for this downturn was the unwinding of the yen carry trade. What is the Yen Carry Trade? The yen carry trade is a financial strategy where invest

06 Aug,2024 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4)

India has selected two Indian Air Force Group Captains, Shubhanshu Shukla and Prasanth Balakrishnan Nair, to participate in the Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4). Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4) Participants: Shubhanshu Shukla Prasanth Balakrishnan Nair Affiliation: Group Captains in the Indian Air Force (IAF) Mission Details Type: Fourth private astronaut mission by NASA in collaboration w

05 Aug,2024 GS-3 Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology

CEA Launches 3 Online Portals

The Ministry of Power has launched three significant online portals aimed at enhancing the efficiency and transparency of hydropower, thermal power project monitoring, and disaster response in the power sector. 1. JAL VIDYUT DPR Purpose: Strengthening the development of hydropower and pumped storage projects (PSPs) in India. Key Features: Centralized digital platform for monitoring su

05 Aug,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

DM Bill, 2024

The Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill, 2024 was recently introduced in the Lok Sabha to update and strengthen India's disaster management framework, which was originally governed by the Disaster Management Act, 2005. The Bill seeks to incorporate the evolving needs of disaster management, aligning it with recommendations from the 15th Finance Commission, and aims to ensure more efficient, l

05 Aug,2024 GS-3 Disaster Management

BioE3 Policy

The BioE3 Policy (Biotechnology for Economy, Environment, and Employment) is a recently approved initiative by the Union Cabinet aimed at accelerating biomanufacturing in India with the goal of achieving a $300 billion bioeconomy by 2030. This policy emphasizes "Green Growth" and a Circular Bioeconomy, aligning biological resources with sustainable development to drive economic, environm

04 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Monkeypox

The WHO's declaration of monkeypox as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) underscores the seriousness of the situation regarding the disease's spread and its potential global implications. Here's a breakdown of the situation and its significance: Key Points from the WHO Declaration Scope of the Emergency: The declaration affects 116 countries, with 99,

04 Aug,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

RHUMI-1

India's first reusable hybrid rocket, RHUMI-1, was successfully launched by Tamil Nadu-based startup Space Zone India in collaboration with the Martin Group from Thiruvidandhai in Chennai. This marks a significant milestone in India's space technology development, particularly in the area of reusable and eco-friendly rocket technology. RHUMI-1 Key Features: Hybrid Rocket Engine: R

04 Aug,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)

Why in the News? NITI Aayog and KPMG have published a report on the impact assessment of the Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY), highlighting its achievements and challenges. About PM Mudra Yojana (PMMY) Launch: Announced in the 2015 Union Budget for FY-2016, PMMY is a flagship scheme of the Government of India. Objective: To provide affordable credit to micro and small enterprises

03 Aug,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

UN Global Tax Treaty

Overview The UN’s Ad Hoc Committee has approved a framework to establish a UN Global Tax Treaty, aiming to create a legitimate, fair, stable, inclusive, and effective international tax system. This initiative has garnered significant support from developing countries, including India, while facing opposition from industrialized nations such as Australia, Israel, Japan, the UK, and the USA

03 Aug,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

State Action Plan

The Delhi government’s overhaul of the State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC) highlights the urgency of addressing climate-related challenges, especially given the recent extreme weather events. Overview of SAPCC Purpose: SAPCCs are designed to tackle state-specific climate change issues through targeted adaptation and mitigation measures. Context: Each SAPCC considers uniqu

03 Aug,2024 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Vaccine-Derived Polio (VDPV)

A recent case of vaccine-derived polio has been reported in Meghalaya's West Garo Hills, where a two-year-old child tested positive for polio. Despite this, India's polio-free status remains intact, as the case does not involve the wild poliovirus but a strain linked to the oral polio vaccine (OPV). Health officials are monitoring the situation closely to prevent any potential spread. V

02 Aug,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Rise in India’s Seafood Exports

Growth Overview India's seafood exports have experienced remarkable growth, increasing from Rs 46,662.85 crore in 2019-20 to Rs 61,043.68 crore in 2023-24, marking an impressive rise of 30.81%. This surge highlights India's growing position in the global seafood market. Supporting Infrastructure and Initiatives Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA): This agency p

02 Aug,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

DIGITAL AGRICULTURE MISSION (DAM)

Why in the News? The Union Cabinet recently approved the Digital Agriculture Mission (DAM) with a total outlay of ₹2,817 crore, aimed at transforming the agricultural landscape through technology. About Digital Agriculture Mission (DAM) Overview: DAM is an umbrella scheme designed to leverage Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) to enhance farmers' lives by integrating technology

01 Aug,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Prokaryotes

Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. These ancient and simple life forms play a critical role in maintaining Earth's ecosystems, particularly in marine environments. A recent study reveals that prokaryotes are highly resilient to climate change, which could lead to significant impacts on global carbon cycles and climate mitigation efforts.

01 Aug,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Ballast Water

The movement of ballast water plays a crucial role in the spread of invasive marine species in coastal regions, especially in India. In the case of the charru mussel (Mytella strigata) along the coast of Ennore, Tamil Nadu, this issue has come to the forefront, raising environmental and economic concerns. Ballast Water and Its Environmental Impact Ballast water is used by ships to maintai

01 Aug,2024 GS-3 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

CITES Report on Rosewood: “CITES Rosewoods: The Global Picture”

The recently released CITES report titled “CITES Rosewoods: The Global Picture” provides a comprehensive analysis of rosewood species listed under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). This report is instrumental in guiding CITES parties to make informed non-detriment findings (NDFs) regarding the trade of rosewood species. Key

31 Jul,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC)

Recent Developments India recently took part in the 86th session of the Executive Committee (CCEXEC) of the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) held in Rome. India’s Support: Spice Standards: India strongly supported the advancement of Codex standards for various spices, including small cardamom, turmeric, and vanilla. Given India's role as a major producer and exporter

30 Jul,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Naturally Existing DNA Editing Tool: Bridge Recombinase Mechanism (BRM)

The Bridge Recombinase Mechanism (BRM) is a newly discovered naturally occurring DNA editing tool. It utilizes mobile genetic elements, commonly known as "jumping genes," to perform DNA manipulation. These jumping genes are found in all forms of life and play a crucial role in genetic variation and adaptation. Key Features of BRM: Jumping Genes and Recombinase Enzymes: Jumping

30 Jul,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Green Revolution in maize

Context: India has seen significant success with the green revolution in maize production. This success has been primarily driven by the private sector. Over the past 20 years, maize production in India has more than tripled. Historical context of Green Revolution The Green Revolution in India began in the 1960s. To increase food production in the country. Key method: Introduction of hi

29 Jul,2024 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

Gig Economy and Recent Developments in Karnataka

Why in the News? The Karnataka government recently published the draft Karnataka Platform-based Gig Workers (Social Security and Welfare) Bill, which aims to address the welfare and rights of gig workers in the state. This bill is part of a broader trend to improve social security for gig economy workers. About the Bill Welfare Board: Establishment: The bill proposes the creat

29 Jul,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Captain Supreetha C.T. – First Woman Officer from Corps of Army Air Defence at Siachen Glacier

Name: Captain Supreetha C.T. Hometown: Mysuru, Karnataka Achievement: Captain Supreetha C.T. has become the first woman officer from the Corps of Army Air Defence to be operationally deployed at Siachen Glacier. Historical Significance: Deployment: She is the second Indian Army woman officer to be deployed at Siachen Glacier. Predecessor: The first female officer to be deployed

28 Jul,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM)

Why in the News? The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has unveiled Scheme Guidelines to enhance testing facilities, infrastructure, and regulatory frameworks under the National Green Hydrogen Mission. This initiative is part of India's strategy to boost the green hydrogen sector. Key Features of the Guidelines: Budgetary Outlay: Total Allocation: ₹200 Crore allocate

28 Jul,2024 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

State of the World’s Forests 2024 Report: Key Insights

Overview of the Report The State of the World’s Forests 2024 report, released by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, offers an in-depth analysis of global forest conditions and trends. It highlights both positive and concerning aspects of the world’s forests, reflecting recent developments and ongoing challenges. Key Highlights a. Forest Area and

27 Jul,2024 GS-3 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

Urban Development and Disaster Resilience

The increasing frequency of disasters, especially during the monsoon season, highlights the urgent need for urban development strategies that prioritize disaster resilience in Indian cities. Here’s an overview of the current situation, vulnerabilities, and what constitutes a disaster-resilient city: Current Context Rising Disaster Frequency: Problem: Indian cities are increasingl

27 Jul,2024 GS-3 Disaster Management

7th Apex Level Meeting of Narco-Coordination Centre (NCORD)

Union Home Minister’s Directive: Amit Shah called for stringent actions against drug smuggling syndicates during the 7th apex level meeting of NCORD. New Initiatives: Toll-Free Helpline: MANAS (Madak Padarth Nishedh Asuchna Kendra) with the number 1933 was launched to provide 24/7 assistance and information related to drug issues. Digital Tools: A new web portal and mobile app were

26 Jul,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

T Coronae Borealis (T CrB) and Nova Explosions

T Coronae Borealis (T CrB): Location: T CrB is situated approximately 3,000 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Corona Borealis (the Northern Crown). Binary System: It consists of two stars: White Dwarf: A dense remnant of a star that has exhausted its nuclear fuel and collapsed. Red Giant: An ancient star that is in the later stages of its stellar evolution and is being str

26 Jul,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

High Seas Treaty: Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Agreement

The Union Cabinet of India has approved the signing of the BBNJ Agreement, also known as the High Seas Treaty. The Ministry of Earth Sciences will lead its implementation in India. What are High Seas? Definition: High seas refer to oceanic areas that lie outside the jurisdiction of any individual country. National jurisdictions typically extend up to 200 nautical miles (370 km) from

25 Jul,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Financial Inclusion Index (FI-Index)

The Financial Inclusion Index (FI-Index) is a key measure of financial inclusion across India. The FI-Index stood at 64.2 in March 2024, up from 60.1 in March 2023, reflecting an overall improvement in financial inclusion across the country. Overview of the FI-Index Purpose: The FI-Index measures the extent of financial inclusion in India, covering various financial services sectors inclu

24 Jul,2024 GS-3 Economic Index

Annual Survey of Unincorporated Enterprises (ASUSE) - 2021-22 and 2022-23

The Annual Survey of Unincorporated Enterprises (ASUSE) provides a detailed analysis of the unorganised or informal sector in India. This sector encompasses a variety of unincorporated enterprises, including Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), household units, and own-account enterprises. Survey Scope and Coverage Unincorporated Enterprises: Includes those not covered under form

23 Jul,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

India Grants Record Patents

1. Overview of Recent Developments Increase in Patents: India has seen a significant rise in the number of patents granted over the past decade. From March 2023 to March 2024, over one lakh patents were granted, with an average of 250 patents granted every working day. Patent Application Frequency: Every 6 minutes, a technology seeks intellectual property protection in India. 2. Under

23 Jul,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Species in News

Mainland Serow The Mainland Serow is a distinctive antelope-like mammal that has recently been recorded at a notably low elevation in Assam's Raimona National Park. It is native to the Himalayan region, Southeast Asia, and China. Key Facts: Species Description: Common Name: Mainland Serow Scientific Name: Capricornis sumatraensis Appearance: Mainland Serows resemble lar

22 Jul,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Urban Naxalism and Maharashtra Special Public Security Bill, 2024

Recent Development: The State Government of Maharashtra has introduced the Maharashtra Special Public Security Bill, 2024, aimed at addressing the rise of Naxalism in urban areas. Key Provisions of the Maharashtra Special Public Security Bill, 2024: Scope of Actions Targeted: The bill aims to address a broad range of activities by suspects, including: Encouraging or preaching

22 Jul,2024 GS-3 Linkages Between Development & Spread of Extremism

Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA)

LUCA represents the most recent common ancestor of all current life forms on Earth. It is a theoretical construct, rather than a specific species, that provides insights into the origin and early evolution of life. LUCA is considered the point in evolutionary history where the three primary domains of life—Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya—diverged. Key Characteristics of LUCA:

22 Jul,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Regional Analysis of Indian Ocean (RAIN) System

1. What is the Regional Analysis of Indian Ocean (RAIN) System? The Regional Analysis of Indian Ocean (RAIN) system is a sophisticated data assimilation system developed by the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS). It is designed to enhance the understanding and monitoring of the Indian Ocean's health through advanced oceanographic data. a. Upgraded Version Feat

21 Jul,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Uranium Contamination in India

Recent studies conducted by the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) have indicated that the newly proposed national standard of 30 µg/L for uranium concentration in drinking water might be overly stringent. The current safety level, set at 60 µg/L, is considered to be safe based on recent evaluations. This study highlights the ongoing debate about the appropriate safety limits for ura

20 Jul,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Bioplastics from Cassava

The production of compostable bioplastic bags from cassava by smallholder farmers in Nagaland represents a promising development in sustainable materials. Process of Bioplastic Production Starch Extraction: Source: Cassava roots, which are rich in starch, are used for this purpose. Method: The cassava roots are cleaned and then crushed to create a pulp. This pulp is processed to extr

19 Jul,2024 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2024, released by the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA), highlights significant findings: Overall Progress: Global data from 2015 to 2024 shows that only a small fraction of the SDG targets are on track. Challenges: The world is falling short in delivering on the SDG promises, with fewer than one-fifth of the targets currently o

19 Jul,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Ways and Means Advances (WMA)

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has increased the Ways and Means Advance (WMA) limit for States and Union Territories (UTs) to ₹60,118 crore from the previous limit of ₹47,010 crore. This increase aims to help States and UTs manage their fiscal situations more effectively. Purpose: WMA is a facility provided by RBI to address temporary mismatches in cash flow between receipts and payments.

18 Jul,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Air Pollution's Impact on Pollinators

Overview of the Study: A study conducted by researchers from the University of Reading highlights the detrimental effects of air pollution on pollinators such as bees, moths, and butterflies. The key findings are: Foraging Efficiency Decline: Pollinators experienced a 39% reduction in foraging efficiency when exposed to elevated levels of air pollution. Pests' Relative Insensitivit

18 Jul,2024 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Control of Nodal Cyber Security Watchdog CERT-IN

Administrative Control: Currently, the Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-IN) operates under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY). Debate for Ownership: There is an ongoing discussion between the Ministry of Information Technology (IT) and the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) regarding the control of CERT-IN. Each ministry presents distinct arguments for their pref

17 Jul,2024 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Stealth Frigates from Russia for the Indian Navy

Current Status: Two stealth frigates being constructed in Russia for the Indian Navy are nearing delivery after facing delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ukraine conflict, and Western sanctions. First Frigate: Named Tushil, it is ready for acceptance and is scheduled for delivery by September 2024. Second Frigate: Named Tamal, it is expected to be delivered by February 2025. Inte

16 Jul,2024 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

India’s Ballistic Missile Defence Program

Recent Developments Successful Flight-Test: DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation) recently conducted a successful flight-test of the Phase-II Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) System. The test involved the Phase-II Air Defence (AD) Endo-atmospheric missile, which was launched from the Integrated Test Range in Chandipur. The missile was launched following the detection of a

16 Jul,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

National Security Council Secretariat (NSCS)

Why in the News? The recent appointment of an Additional National Security Advisor (NSA) to the National Security Council Secretariat (NSCS) has brought the NSCS into the spotlight. This role, which had previously remained vacant, is expected to enhance and streamline the functioning of the NSCS. About National Security Council Secretariat (NSCS) 1. Creation and Role: Established: L

15 Jul,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

Rise in LNG Imports

India has recently experienced a significant increase in its imports of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). In June 2024, India imported 2.60 million tonnes (mt) of LNG, marking the highest import volume in 44 months. This represents a notable rise from 1.77 mt in June 2023. The increased LNG imports are closely tied to a rise in gas-based power generation in the country. Key Data and Trends

15 Jul,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Transshipment Port

Why in the News? India recently inaugurated its first cargo ship at the Vizhinjam International Transshipment Deepwater Multipurpose Seaport in Kerala, marking a significant milestone in India's port infrastructure development. More on the News Ownership: The port is owned by the Government of Kerala. Functionality: Designed primarily for container transshipment as well as multi-

15 Jul,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Transposons

Transposons, often referred to as "jumping genes," are DNA sequences capable of moving from one location to another within the genome. Historically termed "junk" DNA due to their seemingly non-functional nature, and "selfish" DNA because they primarily propagate themselves, transposons are now recognized for their significant roles in genetic variation, evolution, and

14 Jul,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K)

Why in the News? Recently, the Jammu division of the Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir has seen a concerning increase in terrorist incidents. While the Kashmir Valley has historically experienced high levels of militant activity, the recent uptick in Jammu—an area previously less affected—has raised significant alarm. Current Situation: Rising Terrorist Incidents: Jamm

14 Jul,2024 GS-3 Linkages of Organized Crime with Terrorism

Supreme Court Judgment on State Taxation of Mining Lands

Supreme Court Ruling In a landmark decision, the Supreme Court of India, in an 8:1 judgment delivered by a nine-judge Constitution Bench, held that State Legislatures have the authority to tax mining lands and quarries beyond what is prescribed by the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 (MMDR Act). This ruling empowers states to generate additional revenues from mining act

14 Jul,2024 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

Murraya and Davana Flowers

The National Botanical Research Institute's initiative to preserve and produce Murraya and Davana flowers is a significant step in maintaining the cultural and botanical heritage associated with the 12th-century Shree Jagannath Temple in Puri, Odisha. Davana (Family: Asteraceae) Description: Davana is an aromatic herb known for its delicate fragrance. The essential oil extracted from

13 Jul,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

White Paper on Glacial Geoengineering

A recent white paper by scientists has introduced the concept of glacial geoengineering, which involves intentional modification of climate systems to mitigate the effects of glacier melting and sea level rise. This approach is part of a broader field known as geoengineering. Glacial Geoengineering Strategies: Ocean-Heat Transport Interventions: Purpose: To prevent warm circumpolar deep

12 Jul,2024 GS-3 Disaster Management

Security of Indian Dignitaries

Recent Context: Recent Incident: The assassination attempt on a former US President during a public rally has heightened global awareness about the security of prominent individuals, including those in India. Security Arrangements for Indian Dignitaries: Categories for Security Coverage: Positional/Statutory Security: Who: Union Ministers, Chief Ministers, Judges of the Suprem

12 Jul,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

Taxonomy for Climate Finance

1. What is a Climate Finance Taxonomy? A climate finance taxonomy is a classification system designed to define and categorize economic activities based on their environmental sustainability. It helps identify which investments are considered environmentally friendly or sustainable, thereby guiding investors and financial institutions toward impactful climate-related investments. 2. Importa

11 Jul,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

3D Hologram Technology

3D hologram technology creates three-dimensional images that simulate depth and can be viewed from different angles, mimicking real objects. Unlike traditional images that are flat and two-dimensional, holograms appear lifelike and interactive. This is achieved through the manipulation of light waves using principles of interference and diffraction. Principles of 3D Holography: Interferen

10 Jul,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Defence Production Hits Record High in 2023-24

Key Highlights: Record Production Value: India’s indigenous defense production reached a record high of ₹1.27 lakh crore in FY 2023-24, marking a 16.7% increase from the previous fiscal year. Contribution by Sectors: Public Sector: Defense Public Sector Undertakings (DPSUs) and other Public Sector Units (PSUs) contributed 79.2% of the total value of production. Private Sector:

10 Jul,2024 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

Trends in Remittance

Trends in Remittance: Key Insights from the World Bank's Migration and Development Brief 1. Overview of Remittances Definition: Remittances are funds sent by migrants to their families or relatives in their home countries while they are working abroad. These transfers are vital for recipient countries, contributing significantly to household incomes and foreign exchange reserves. Me

09 Jul,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

International Solar Alliance (ISA)

Paraguay recently joined as the 100th country in the International Solar Alliance (ISA). Global Energy Transition Landscape: Current Challenges: The trajectory towards sustainable development is not aligned with the Paris Agreement’s target of limiting global warming to 1.5°C. Current projections suggest a moderate 4% reduction in global emissions by 2050, potentially pushin

09 Jul,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Digital Bharat Nidhi (DBN)

Purpose: The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has introduced draft rules to operationalize the Digital Bharat Nidhi (DBN), which will replace the Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF). The DBN aims to enhance telecommunication services in underserved and remote areas, and address the limitations and underutilization of the USOF. Functioning of DBN Fund Management: Cont

08 Jul,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

MILITARY EXERCISES IN NEWS

1. Nomadic Elephant: Description: Joint military exercise between the armies of India and Mongolia. Location: Meghalaya, India. Purpose: Enhance interoperability and strengthen military relations between India and Mongolia. 2. Exercise MAITREE: Description: Joint military exercise between India and Thailand. Location: Thailand. Purpose: Strengthen defense cooperation and i

08 Jul,2024 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

Facial Recognition Technology (FRT)

Why in the News? NITI Aayog's recent release of the ‘White Paper: Responsible AI for All (RAI) on Facial Recognition Technology (FRT)’ is significant. The paper explores FRT as the first use case under the RAI principles, setting out guidelines for the responsible development and deployment of FRT in India. About Facial Recognition Technology (FRT) Facial Recognition Technology

08 Jul,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Araku Coffee

Araku Coffee, particularly known for its Araku Arabica variety, has gained notable recognition, including mention in Prime Minister Narendra Modi's 'Mann ki Baat' program. This coffee is celebrated for its unique qualities and sustainable production practices. Key Points: Geographical Origin: Location: Araku Coffee is cultivated in the hilly regions of the Araku Valley, sit

07 Jul,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Union Budget 2024-25: Key Highlights

The Union Budget 2024-25, presented by the Union Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs, focuses on various sectors with an emphasis on employment, skilling, MSMEs, and the middle class. The budget is divided into two parts: Part A, which outlines the economic overview and expenditures, and Part B, which details tax proposals. Part A: Key Priorities and Allocations Budget Theme: Foc

06 Jul,2024 GS-3 Government Budgeting

Wayanad Landslide

Location: Vythiri taluk, Wayanad district, Kerala Impact: Multiple landslides flattened three villages, resulting in hundreds of deaths. Possible Reasons Behind the Wayanad Landslide Heavy Rainfall Rainfall Measurement: The region received more than 140 mm of rainfall in 24 hours, significantly higher than the expected amount. Impact: Extreme rainfall leads to soil saturation a

06 Jul,2024 GS-3 Disaster Management

Genetically Modified (GM) Crops

Why in the News? The Supreme Court recently delivered a split verdict on the validity of the Union Government's decision to approve the environmental release of genetically modified (GM) mustard crops in 2022. Details of the Split Verdict: Judge 1: Found the approval by the Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) in 2022 to be "vitiated" (defective) and contrary to th

05 Jul,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Space Economy

Why in the News? The Indian Union Budget for 2024-25 announced the establishment of a ₹1,000 crore venture capital fund aimed at boosting the space economy in India. This fund is intended to support space tech startups and small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) throughout their lifecycle. More on the News Purpose: The venture capital fund will provide financial support to space te

04 Jul,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Indigenous Light Tank Zorawar

Development: The Zorawar, India's indigenous light tank, is a collaborative effort between the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Larsen & Toubro (L&T). Prototype: The prototype of the Zorawar is complete and will soon begin extensive trials to validate its performance and capabilities. Key Features: Weight and Mobility: The Zorawar is classified a

04 Jul,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Great Indian Bustard (GIB)

The Great Indian Bustard (GIB) is in the news due to the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) approving funds for the next phase of the Bustard Recovery Program, which will run from 2024 to 2029. Here's an overview of the program, its background, current status, and objectives: Bustard Recovery Program Coverage of Species Great Indian Bustard (GIB): A critica

04 Jul,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

21st Edition of Khaan Quest

Event: 21st Edition of Khaan Quest Location: Mongolia Participants: Approximately 430 personnel from 23 countries, including an Indian contingent. Objective of the Exercise: Primary Aim: To enhance interoperability and military readiness in peace support operations conducted under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter. Chapter VII of the UN Charter: This chapter authorizes

03 Jul,2024 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

Chandipura Virus (CHPV)

Chandipura Virus (CHPV) is a member of the Rhabdoviridae family, which includes the rabies virus. It is known for causing Chandipura encephalitis, a severe neurological condition. The virus was first identified in 1965 in Chandipura village, Maharashtra, during a dengue outbreak. Key Features of Chandipura Virus: Association with Encephalitis: Chandipura Encephalitis: This condition, al

02 Jul,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

UN Water Convention

Introduction: The UN Water Convention, formally known as the Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes, was adopted in Helsinki in 1992 and entered into force in 1996. Its primary goal is to foster the sustainable management of shared water resources across borders and to support the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

02 Jul,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Coal Sector in India

Why in the News? Recent data from the Ministry of Coal highlights a significant decrease in the share of imported coal in India, with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of -2.29% from 2014-15 to 2023-24, compared to 13.94% from 2004-05 to 2013-14. Key Reforms/Initiatives in Coal Sector Coal Mines (Special Provisions) Act, 2015 (CMSP Act): Permitted auctioning of coal mines for comm

02 Jul,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI)

Why in the News? The recent release of the ‘Report of India’s G20 Task Force on DPI’ highlights the growing emphasis on Digital Public Infrastructure as a crucial element for economic transformation, financial inclusion, and development. The report, published under India’s G20 Presidency, aims to advance global adoption of DPI and outline its strategic framework. Abou

01 Jul,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI)

01 Jul,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

TRANS-FAT

The World Health Organization (WHO) recently published its fifth milestone report on global progress towards eliminating trans fats. This report covers the period from 2018 to 2023. Some key points about this issue: Trans fats are a type of unsaturated fat that has been associated with increased risk of heart disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes. They are often found in processed foods, ba

30 Jun,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Variable Rate Repo (VRR)

The Variable Rate Repo (VRR) is a monetary policy tool used by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to manage short-term liquidity in the banking system. Here's a detailed overview: About VRR Purpose: Infuse Liquidity: The VRR mechanism is employed when the RBI wants to inject liquidity into the banking system, particularly when banks are hesitant to borrow at the fixed Repo Rate due to

30 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Underground Coal Gasification (UCG)

Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) is in the news because the Ministry of Coal has recently launched a significant pilot project in Jharkhand’s Jamtara District. This initiative aims to harness UCG technology, which converts unmineable coal into valuable gas for energy production. More context: Policy Background: In 2015, the Indian Ministry of Coal approved a dedicated policy fram

30 Jun,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Direct seeding of rice

Direct seeding of rice (DSR), or the ‘tar-wattar’ technique, is indeed a promising agricultural practice with several benefits, but its adoption in Punjab has been limited despite various incentives and government support. Benefits of DSR: Water Conservation: DSR requires less water compared to traditional transplanting methods, which is crucial given the water scarcity issues

29 Jun,2024 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS)

Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS) is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition caused by Group A Streptococcus (GAS) bacteria. Here's a detailed overview of STSS based on the information provided: About Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS) Cause: STSS results from the rapid growth and release of toxins by GAS bacteria. While GAS is more commonly associated with

28 Jun,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Great Nicobar Island

The Great Nicobar Island is in the news due to a Draft Report on a Social Impact Assessment (SIA) prepared by NITI Aayog. This report is part of the larger "Holistic Development of Great Nicobar Island" project, which aims to significantly transform the island. Key Points from the Report: Positive Impacts: Economic Growth: The development project, which includes the cons

28 Jun,2024 GS-3 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

India Achieves an ‘Outstanding Outcome’ in FATF Mutual Evaluation

Key Highlights Outstanding Outcome: India has received an outstanding outcome in the FATF Mutual Evaluation for 2023-24, demonstrating a high level of compliance in combating Money Laundering (ML) and Terror Financing (TF). Regular Follow-Up Category: India has been placed in the “regular follow-up” category by the FATF. This distinction is shared by only fo

27 Jun,2024 GS-3 Money-Laundering & its Prevention

Nidoviruses

In a variety of vertebrates, researchers had identified 40 novel Nidoviruses using artificial intelligence. About Nidoviruses (notable for their large genomes and complex replication mechanisms) • They are a large and diverse order of positive-strand RNA viruses (largest RNA genomes among viruses) that infect a wide range of vertebrates and invertebrates, including humans, birds, reptil

26 Jun,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Small island developing states (SIDS)

The Panama evacuating the Guna community from Gardi Sugdub island highlights the severe impact of climate change on small island developing states (SIDS). Why This is Newsworthy: First of Its Kind: Panama is the first country to carry out a complete evacuation of an island community due to climate change-induced sea level rise. This sets a precedent and underscores the urgency of th

25 Jun,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Reverse Transcriptase (RT) Enzyme

Reverse Transcriptase played a pivotal role in both diagnostic testing and scientific research related to the SARS- CoV-2 virus. About Reverse Transcriptase Enzyme • It Plays a crucial role in the replication of some viruses, including HIV. • It allows the virus to convert its genetic material, which is single-stranded RNA, into double-stranded DNA. This DNA can then integrat

25 Jun,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

India’s First Joint Doctrine for Cyberspace Operations

India's recent release of its first joint doctrine for cyberspace operations marks a significant step forward in addressing the complexities of modern warfare. Key Highlights of India’s First Joint Doctrine for Cyberspace Operations Background and Context: China’s Cyber Capabilities: China has developed advanced cyberwarfare capabilities, including sophis

24 Jun,2024 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Krishi Sakhi certificates

Prime Minister awarding Krishi Sakhi certificates to more than 30,000 women Self-Help Groups (SHGs) in Varanasi highlights a significant development in India's agricultural extension system. Why it’s important: Empowerment of Women: By recognizing and certifying these women-led SHGs, the government is acknowledging their crucial role in agricultural development and rural economi

24 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Recombinant Proteins

Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru have formulated method for mass-producing recombinant proteins. Definition of Recombinant Proteins: Recombinant proteins are artificial proteins produced by genetic engineering techniques. The process involves inserting a specific gene (usually from one organism) into a host organism (typically bacteria or yeast), which then expresses the protein.

22 Jun,2024 GS-3 Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology

Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code

The proposed amendments to the Insolvency Resolution Process for Corporate Debtors under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) by the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI) aim to address several critical areas to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP). Here’s a breakdown of what these amendments might entail and their poten

22 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

External Commercial Borrowings (ECBs)

External Commercial Borrowings (ECBs) are a mechanism that allows eligible Indian entities to access foreign funds, contributing significantly to the financing of various projects and operational needs. What are External Commercial Borrowings (ECBs)? Definition: ECBs refer to commercial loans obtained by eligible resident entities from non-resident entities. These loans are a means for In

21 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Bayesian Convolutional Neural Network (BCNN)

The Bayesian Convolutional Neural Network (BCNN) developed by the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) represents an advanced approach to forecasting complex climatic phenomena such as El Niño and La Niña events. What is a Bayesian Convolutional Neural Network (BCNN)? Convolutional Neural Network (CNN): Purpose: CNNs are designed to automati

21 Jun,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Indian Railways

Indian Railways has been facing increased scrutiny due to a series of train derailments and collisions in recent months. These incidents have highlighted significant safety concerns, prompting calls for improved measures to ensure the safety of passengers and operations. Key Reasons for the Increased Focus on Safety: Recent Incidents: Multiple derailments and collisions have occurred, dra

21 Jun,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2024

The "State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2024" report by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) provides a comprehensive overview of global fisheries and aquaculture trends, highlighting key developments and shifts in the industry. The main findings from the report are as follow: Record Production Levels: World fisheries and aquaculture production reached a new high

20 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

National Technical Textiles Mission

National Technical Textiles Mission (NTTM) highlights the approval of seven startup proposals under the GREAT (Grant for Research and Entrepreneurship across Aspiring Innovators in Technical Textiles) scheme. This initiative is part of the broader Research, Development, and Innovation (RDI) component of the NTTM. Key Points: Purpose of GREAT Initiative: The GREAT scheme aims to foster inn

19 Jun,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES FOR FOOD SAFETY

Nuclear technologies play a crucial role in ensuring food safety and advancing agricultural practices. Lets look at how these technologies contribute across various domains: 1. Animal Health Nuclear technologies, particularly Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests, are vital for diagnosing diseases in animals. PCR is a molecular technique that amplifies and detects specific DNA sequence

18 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

EARTHCARE MISSION

The Earth Cloud Aerosol and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) mission, a collaborative effort between the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), aims to enhance our understanding of the complex interactions between clouds, aerosols, and radiation and how these factors influence Earth’s climate. Objective: The mission's primary goal is to provide

17 Jun,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Red Flag Exercise 2024

Overview Event: Red Flag Exercise Host: U.S. Air Force (USAF) Location: Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska Dates: June 2024 Frequency: Hosted four times a year by the USAF Details of the June 2024 Edition Participants: Indian Air Force (IAF): Participated in this edition, contributing to the multinational aspects of the exercise. Singapore Air Force Royal Air

16 Jun,2024 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

Species in News

Stellaria mcclintockiae The newly discovered plant species Stellariamcclintockiae in Kerala’s Nelliyampathy hills , Named in honor of Nobel laureate Barbara McClintock, known for her work on genetic transposition, this species is notable as the first Stellaria species identified in South India. The plant is an annual herb and stands out due to its unique floral structures, including it

16 Jun,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

OUTER SPACE GOVERNANCE

Armenia has become the 43rd signatory to NASA's Artemis Accords for lunar exploration. About the Artemis Accords • NASA established the organisation in 2020 in collaboration with the US Department of State and seven founding member nations (Australia, Canada, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, UAE, and UK). Based on the 1967 Outer Space Treaty and related agreements, such as the Registration Co

15 Jun,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

BRIDGING GLOBAL WORKFORCE GAPS

The issue of bridging global workforce gaps is gaining attention due to several intersecting trends affecting labor markets worldwide. Why it’s in the news: India's Workforce Potential: The India Employment Outlook 2030 by ORF points out that India will contribute around 24.3% of the global incremental workforce over the next decade. This highlights India’s growing r

14 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES (NTDS)

The World Health Organization's recent report, "Global Report on Neglected Tropical Diseases 2024," has brought renewed attention to neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) About Report 1.Reduction in the Need for Interventions: The goal is to reduce the percentage of people requiring interventions against NTDs by 90% by 2030. In 2022, 1.62 billion people needed such

13 Jun,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Gene Drive Technology (GDT)

Gene Drive Technology (GDT) represents a revolutionary approach in genetic engineering with the potential to significantly impact fields such as disease control, pest management, and conservation. Gene Drive Technology (GDT) Definition: Gene Drive Technology is an advanced genetic engineering technique designed to increase the likelihood of a specific gene being passed on to nearly all offsp

12 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Trade Deficit

India's trade deficit has recently been in the news due to the country's economic interactions with its top trading partners. The detailed look at the current status and key factors affecting India's trade balance in FY 2023-24 has been given below About Trade Deficit Definition: A trade deficit occurs when a country's imports exceed its exports. Current Status: For the

11 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Wetlands in Bihar

The Nagi and Nakti Wetlands in Bihar have recently been designated as Ramsar Sites, reflecting their international importance as wetlands. This brings the total number of Ramsar Sites in India to 82, tying the country with China for third place globally in terms of Ramsar Sites. Key Facts About Nagi and Nakti Wetlands: Location: Situated in Jamui district, Bihar, within the Jhajha forest

11 Jun,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Lignosat

LignoSat is a tiny cuboid satellite measuring 10 cm on each side, made from magnolia wood. It was developed through a collaboration between researchers from Kyoto University and Sumitomo Forestry in Japan. The main goals of LignoSat are to promote the eco-friendliness and cost-effectiveness of using wood for satellite construction. LignoSat is designed to completely burn up u

10 Jun,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Tarang Shakti 2024: India’s First Multinational Air Exercise

Overview Event: Tarang Shakti 2024 Host: Indian Air Force (IAF) Nature: Multinational air exercise Scheduled Dates: First Phase: Southern India, first two weeks of August Second Phase: Western sector, end of August to mid-September Key Details Purpose and Significance: Objective: The exercise aims to enhance interoperability and strengthen air combat c

10 Jun,2024 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

Montreal Protocol

The Montreal Protocol is widely recognized as one of the most successful environmental agreements. Effectiveness of the Montreal Protocol Reduction of Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODS): The Montreal Protocol has significantly reduced emissions of ODS, including Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs). Since 2021, five years earlier than anticipated, there has been a notable decrease in

09 Jun,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

World Wealth Report 2024

The World Wealth Report 2024 by the Capgemini Research Institute provides a comprehensive overview of global wealth, focusing on high-net-worth individuals (HNWIs) across 71 countries, which collectively represent over 98% of global gross national income and 99% of world stock market capitalization. Key Points from the Report: Coverage and Scope: The report encompasses 71 countrie

09 Jun,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

PUMP DUMP SCHEME

A "pump and dump" scheme is a type of financial fraud where the price of a stock is artificially inflated through deceptive practices, allowing perpetrators to sell their shares at the inflated price before the price crashes. Here’s a more detailed breakdown: How It Works Pump Phase: Promotion: Fraudsters use false or misleading information to create hype around a

07 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Hydroxyurea

The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) invited Expressions of Interest (EoI) from various organisations for the “joint development and commercialisation” of low dose or paediatric oral formulation of hydroxyurea to treat sickle cell disease in India. About Hydroxyurea (taken orally in the form of capsules or tablets) • It's a medication used to treat certain types

06 Jun,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Syndicated loan

A syndicated loan is a type of financing arrangement where multiple lenders come together to provide a large loan to a borrower. This method is commonly used for significant financing needs, often exceeding the capacity of a single lender to provide alone. Key Points of Syndicated Loans Participation of Multiple Lenders: In a syndicated loan, a group of lenders (usually banks or f

06 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Himalayan Region

The Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) is in the spotlight due to recent Supreme Court judgments emphasizing the need for a sustainable development model, particularly in light of new fundamental rights related to climate change. Key issues and rulings: New Fundamental Right to Climate Change: MK Ranjitsinh vs. Union of India (2024): The Supreme Court recognized a fundamental right to

06 Jun,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Daksha Project

Leading Institutions: IIT Bombay Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) Raman Research Institute (RRI) Project Goals: The Daksha project aims to advance our understanding of high-energy astrophysical phenomena through the deployment of two high-energy space telescopes. These telescopes will be equipped with advanced sensors capable of dete

05 Jun,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Project Nexus

Project Nexus is an ambitious international initiative aimed at revolutionizing cross-border retail payments by integrating domestic Instant Payment Systems (IPS). What is Project Nexus? Project Nexus is a multilateral initiative designed to enable instantaneous cross-border retail payments by linking domestic IPS across different countries. The initiative is spearheaded by the Innovation Hu

05 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

State of the Ocean Report 2024

The State of the Ocean Report 2024, released by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO during the 2022 United Nations Ocean Conference, highlights several critical issues concerning the health of the world’s oceans: Accelerated Ocean Warming: The report reveals a concerning rate of warming in the upper 2,000 meters of the ocean, which has significantly increased over

04 Jun,2024 GS-3 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

Indian Navy

The Indian Navy has recently achieved a significant milestone with Sub Lieutenant Anamika B. Rajeev becoming its first woman helicopter pilot. This development marks a notable step in the integration of women into various roles within the Indian Armed Forces. Key Highlights: Sub Lieutenant Anamika B. Rajeev: Achievement: She became the first woman helicopter pilot in the Indian Na

04 Jun,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

TRISHNA Mission

ISRO's collaboration with the French space agency CNES for the TRISHNA mission marks an exciting advancement in satellite technology and environmental monitoring. Scheduled for launch, TRISHNA (Thermal Infrared Imaging Satellite for High-resolution Natural Resource Assessment) will be equipped to capture high-resolution thermal infrared imagery. This capability is crucial for monitoring

03 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Preston Curve

The Preston Curve is an insightful concept in understanding the relationship between economic development and health outcomes. Summary of the Preston Curve Concept Origin: The Preston Curve, introduced by Samuel H. Preston in his 1975 paper "The Changing Relation Between Mortality and Level of Economic Development," explores how life expectancy correlates with per capita income.

03 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Quantum Science

The designation of 2025 as the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology by the United Nations serves several key purposes: Raising Awareness: This initiative aims to increase global awareness and understanding of the transformative potential of quantum technologies. Quantum physics has made remarkable strides in recent decades, with applications ranging from quantum computing and qu

02 Jun,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Biocovers

Biocovers are a fascinating and innovative approach to managing methane emissions from landfills. What are Biocovers? Biocovers are a sustainable technology used to control methane emissions from landfills. They are designed to reduce greenhouse gases, primarily methane (CH₄), by converting them into less harmful carbon dioxide (CO₂). This process helps mitigate the environmental impact

01 Jun,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Revised Priority Sector Lending Norms

Why in the News? The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has updated the Priority Sector Lending (PSL) norms to enhance credit flow in economically disadvantaged districts where average loan sizes are low. This revision aims to encourage more small loans in areas that traditionally have lower access to credit. Key Changes in PSL Guidelines Incentive Framework: Objective: To boost lending

01 Jun,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

ABHYAS - High-Speed Expendable Aerial Target (HEAT)

Overview: The Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully carried out flight trials of ABHYAS-HEAT, an autonomous expendable aerial target developed for weapon practice and missile testing. ABHYAS is a part of India's indigenous defense development efforts to enhance the capabilities of the armed forces while reducing dependency on imported defense technologies.

29 Apr,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

US Approval of Sale of 31 Predator Drones to India

Overview: The United States has notified Congress of a potential sale of 31 MQ-9B SkyGuardian drones and related equipment to the Government of India. This deal, proposed by the US Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA), is aimed at enhancing India’s defense capabilities, particularly in intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance (ISR), and maritime operations. Abou

27 Apr,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

MILAN 2024 Exercise

Overview: MILAN 2024 is the 12th edition of the Indian Navy's largest naval exercise. The exercise was held in February 2024 at the Visakhapatnam naval base on India’s eastern coast. Over 50 countries participated in this prestigious multilateral naval exercise, underscoring its significance in fostering international naval cooperation. Theme: The theme for

25 Apr,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

Joint Military Exercise: Sada Tanseeq

Overview: The first-ever joint military exercise between the Indian Army and the Royal Saudi Land Force was named Sada Tanseeq. The exercise took place at the Mahajan Field Firing Ranges in Rajasthan, India. Key Features: Sada Tanseeq signifies the growing defense cooperation between India and Saudi Arabia, with an emphasis on enhancing military collaboration and intero

23 Apr,2024 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Exercise Vayu Shakti 2024

Overview: Exercise Vayu Shakti-2024 was conducted by the Indian Air Force (IAF) in February 2024 at the Pokhran firing range in Rajasthan. The exercise aimed to demonstrate the IAF's full spectrum of operations, including combat and fire capabilities, in a realistic war scenario. Key Features: Vayu Shakti is a triennial exercise, conducted once every three years. Th

21 Apr,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

Grey-Zone Warfare

Why in the News? India’s Chief of Defence Staff highlighted grey-zone warfare at the 9th edition of the Raisina Dialogue. He emphasized its use in regions like the South China Sea and along India’s northern borders. Reports also indicate that China is using grey-zone warfare tactics against Taiwan. Experts from the US and Europe have characterized recent actions by Russia and

19 Apr,2024 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Ensuring Child Safety Online

Overview: In early February, Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg publicly apologized to parents whose children had fallen victim to online predators during a Congressional hearing. The hearing, titled "The Big Tech and the Online Child Sexual Exploitation Crisis," aimed to examine and investigate the growing issue of online child sexual exploitation. Challenges to Children’s Safety Online:

17 Apr,2024 GS-3 Challenges to Internal Security Through Communication Networks

DAC Approves Projects to Boost Armed Forces Capabilities

The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) has recently approved capital acquisition proposals worth Rs 84,560 crore aimed at enhancing the capabilities of the Indian Armed Forces and the Indian Coast Guard. These proposals include: Maritime Reconnaissance and Multi-Mission Aircraft: 15 aircraft for the Navy and Coast Guard. Flight Refueller Aircraft: Six aircraft for the Indian Air Force (IAF)

15 Apr,2024 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

International Big Cat Alliance

Overview: The Union Cabinet formally announced the establishment of International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) with one-time budgetary support of Rs 150 crore from the central government until 2028. About International Big Cat Alliance: It is an initiative launched by the Prime Minister of India in April 2023 in Mysuru commemorating the 50th anniversary of Project Tiger. The objective of

06 Mar,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Juice jacking

Overview: Recently, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has issued a cautionary message to mobile phone users about juice jacking. About Juice jacking: The term “juice jacking” was first coined in 2011 by investigative journalist Brian Krebs. It is a form of cyberattack where a public USB charging port is tampered with and infected using hardware and software changes to steal d

06 Mar,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

A recent study has claimed that BioTRIG, a new waste management technology could help rural Indians.

About BioTRIG: It is a new waste management technology based on the pyrolysis system. It works by sealing the waste inside an oxygen-free chamber and heating it above 400 degrees Celsius. Useful chemicals are produced in the process. In the study, the researchers outlined that three products of pyrolysis — bio-oil, syngas and biochar fertilizer — could help rural Indians live

06 Mar,2024 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Jacaranda Bloom

Overview: The early onset bloom of jacaranda set off alarm bells among residents and scientists in Mexico City. About Jacaranda Bloom: It’s also known by its synonym Jacaranda acutifolia. It is a deciduous tree, Jacaranda mimosifolia comes from the Bignoniaceae family. Blue jacaranda is native of Brazil and North West Argentina. These are hardy trees that grow well in tropical

06 Mar,2024 GS-3 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

What is Melanochlamys Droupadi

Overview: Researchers of the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) recently discovered a new species of head-shield sea slug from Odisha and the West Bengal coast named ‘Melanochlamys Droupadi’. About Melanochlamys Droupadi It is a new marine species of head-shield sea slug with ruby red spot. This species belonging to Melanochlamys genus was discovered from Digha of West Beng

05 Mar,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

What is a Very Short-Range Air Defence System (VSHORADS)

Overview: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted two flight tests of the Very Short-Range Air Defence System (VSHORADS) missile. About Very Short-Range Air Defence System (VSHORADS) VSHORADS is a fourth-generation Man Portable Air Defence System (MANPAD) specially designed to counter low-altitude aerial threats over short distances. These ar

05 Mar,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

What is Roen olmi

Overview: Two researchers in Goa have said that they synthesised gold nanoparticles from a wild mushroom species that is widely eaten as a delicacy in the coastal state. About Roen olmi It is a mushroom of the Termitomyces species. It grows on termite hills and is locally known as ‘roen olmi’ in Goa. It is an edible wild mushroom popular among Goans and consumed during t

04 Mar,2024 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

Hemophilia A

Overview: Recently, the Union Science and Technology Minister told that India has conducted the first human clinical trial of gene therapy for ‘haemophilia A’ at Christian Medical College – Vellore. About Hemophilia A It is a genetic disorder that affects the body’s ability to form blood clots. It is a rare disorder in which the blood doesn't clot in the typ

04 Mar,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

What is Gene therapy

It is a technique that modifies a person’s genes to treat or cure disease. Gene therapies can work by several mechanisms: Replacing a disease-causing gene with a healthy copy of the gene Inactivating a disease-causing gene that is not functioning properly Introducing a new or modified gene into the body to help treat a disease Gene therapy products are being studied to

04 Mar,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Kulasekarapattinam Spaceport

Overview: The Prime Minister recently laid the foundation stone for a new spaceport at Kulasekarapattinam in southern Tamil Nadu. About Kulasekarapattinam Spaceport It is a new spaceport coming up at Kulasekarapattinam, a coastal hamlet near the temple town of Tiruchendur in Thoothukudi district in southern Tamil Nadu. It will be second after the space agency’s existing Satish

03 Mar,2024 GS-3 Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology

Forex reserves

Context: Recently, Forex reserves jumped $2.816 billion to $606.859 billion. About forex reserves Foreign Exchange Reserves refer to assets kept in reserve by a central bank, comprising foreign currencies such as bonds, treasury bills, and government securities. These reserves, expressed in the US dollar, the international standard, are managed by the RBI, serving as the cust

02 Mar,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

The evolving role of the Colombo Security Conclave

Context: Recently, India’s National Security Adviser (NSA), took part in the 6th NSA meeting of the Colombo Security Conclave (CSC) which agreed upon a road map for the year 2024. About: Originally known as the Trilateral for Maritime Security Cooperation, this regional security grouping was established in 2011. The primary aim is to foster a safe, secure, and stable Indian Ocean

01 Mar,2024 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Opportune pause - Indian Science Congress (ISC)

Context: The Indian Science Congress (ISC) 109th edition, originally to be held in Lucknow University in 2024, has been cast in doubt after the University pulled out citing an ongoing dispute between the Department of Science and Technology (DST) and the ISC Association. News: The Indian Science Congress (ISC) is an annual event for scientific discussions

01 Mar,2024 GS-3 Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology

Milli-second burst detected by AstroSat

Context: AstroSat, India’s first multi-wavelength space-based observatory, has detected bright sub-second X-ray bursts from a new and unique neutron star with ultrahigh magnetic field (magnetar), which can help understand the intriguing extreme astrophysical conditions of magnetars. Magnetars They are neutron stars having an ultrahigh magnetic field that are much stronger

01 Mar,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Science communication- how to promote

Steps taken by India to promote Science Communication Publications and Information Directorate (PID) - An organisation under Council of Science and Industrial Research (CSIR) established in 1951 for publishing and disseminating scientific information in India. National science magazines- The PID published magazines to popularize science among

06 Feb,2024 GS-3 Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology

Voice clone-AI

Voice clone fraud has been on the rise in India. AI voice cloning – It is the process of creating a synthetic replica of a person’s voice through machine learning and speech synthesis technology.It is called as voice deepfakesor audio deepfakes. Objective – To achieve a high level of naturalness that sounds exactly like a person&r

06 Feb,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA)- NGO

The Foreign Contribution Regulation Act, 2010 (FCRA) registration of two prominent non-governmental organisations (NGOs) — Centre for Policy Research (CPR) and World Vision India (WVI) have been cancelled this month. What is FCRA? Key provisions of FCRA, 2010 Key aspects Description About It regula

06 Feb,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

Pradhan Mantri Suryodaya Yojana

Recently, Prime Minister announced Pradhan Mantri Suryodaya Yojana under which 1 crore households will get rooftop solar power systems. India’s Status of Current Solar Capacity India currently stands at 4th place globally in solar power capacity. As per Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), solar power insta

06 Feb,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Syndiniales & Corallicolids

The international team of researchers collected samples of corals from across the Mediterranean Sea and analysed the bacteria that live with the corals. The researchers found that the presence of a group of parasitic single-celled organisms called Syndiniales made it more likely that a coral could survive heat stress. The presence of Corallicolids, a group of single-c

06 Feb,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

India's stock market

India overtakes Hong Kong to become 4th-largest stock market recently. India's stock market capitalization crossed USD 4 trillion for the first time, with about half of that reportedly coming in the past 4 years. The top 3 stock markets are the U.S., China, and Japan.

06 Feb,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

AI-powered misinformation biggest short-term threat to global economy

Context: False and misleading information supercharged with cutting-edge artificial intelligence that threatens to erode democracy and polarise society is the top immediate risk to the global economy, the World Economic Forum said in a report on Wednesday. About the report: The World Economic Forum (WEF) report identifies misinformation and disinformation as the most severe risk ove

05 Feb,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Indian start-ups

Context: Funding slowed, jobs were lost, and only 2 unicorns were created in 2023. A number of firms cropped up hoping to ride the ongoing generative AI wave. Background: Indian start-ups experienced a significant drop in funding, reaching $8.3 billion in the past year, marking the lowest since 2016. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of funding in the last three years witnessed a s

05 Feb,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Pinanga Subterranea

Pinanga subterranea is a species of palm tree native to Borneo. It's the 1st known species of palm to flower and fruit almost exclusively underground. This rare phenomenon has only been recorded in one other plant group, the orchid Rhizanthella.

05 Feb,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Peregrine Lunar Lander

The Peregrine Lunar Lander, also known as Peregrine Mission One, is a lunar lander built by Astrobotic Technology, U.S. It was launched recently carrying payloads for NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services program.

05 Feb,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Task Force To Resolve Trade Barrier

Context: The Ministry of Commerce and Industry has set up a task force to identify and resolve trade barriers being faced by foreign exporters. News: Indian exports encounter significant barriers in certain products such as chillies, tea, basmati rice, milk, and poultry in the European Union, sesame seeds and apparel in Japan, and food, meat, fish, dairy, and industrial pro

04 Feb,2024 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

National Multidimensional Poverty Index

Over 24.8 crore people moved out of poverty in India in nine years: NITI report. The Index Released by - Niti Aayog, which is the nodal agency to release Multidimensional Poverty (MDP) report for States and Union Territories. Purpose - Plays a role in assessing advancements towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 1.2. SDG 1.2. - By 2030, reduce at leas

04 Feb,2024 GS-3 Economic Index

Vijay Raghavan Panel Report

A 9-member panel headed by the former principal scientific advisor to the government Prof. Vijay Raghavan have submitted its report. Aim of the committee - To review the functioning of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). Reasons - Several projects of DRDO suffer from huge delays and cost overruns. According to the Parliamentary Standing Committee on

04 Feb,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

RBI Governor pushes for group insolvency mechanism

Context: RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das advocates for a specified framework for the group insolvency mechanism and a vibrant market for stressed assets in India to enhance the functionality of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC). News: Legislative changes to establish appropriate principles for the group insolvency mechanism, addressing challenges like intermingling of assets, defining

03 Feb,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

The National Mission for Clean Ganga

Context: The National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG), has assumed new powers under which it may now permit the discharge of treated sewage and effluent that conforms to the prescribed “norms” into the river, canal or water bodies. News: The National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG), under the Ministry of Jal Shakti, issued a notification to amend the River Ganga (Rejuvenation,

03 Feb,2024 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Logistics costs in India

Context: Accurate data is the first step in bringing down logistics costs in India. Accurate data is crucial for reducing logistics costs in India for several reasons: Improved decision-making: Accurate data enables logistics managers to make informed decisions based on real-time information, leading to more efficient supply chain management and reduced costs Optimized routes: By analyzing

03 Feb,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

How India can balance its water demand and supply

Context: In 2020, while India’s domestic sector required 54,000 billion litres water, the agriculture sector needed 14 times more—776,000 billion litres. Water crisis in India: The long-standing Cauvery dispute and depleting water reservoir reports highlight the importance of fair water allocation for water, food, and livelihood security in India. Water's significa

03 Feb,2024 GS-3 Different Types of Irrigation & Irrigation Systems Storage

Ingenuity helicopter on Mars- USA

NASA has re-established contact with its Ingenuity helicopter on Mars, the US space agency said recently. Ingenuity Mars Helicopter It is a small, autonomous aircraft. that flew to Mars aboard NASA’s Perseverance rover. It was sent to Mars to perform experimental flight tests to determine if powered, controlled flight at the Red Planet was possible. Ingenuity&rsqu

03 Feb,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen Transition (SIGHT) program

Rs 17,490 crore has been set aside for the Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen Transition (SIGHT) programme, to bolster domestic electrolyser manufacturing, green hydrogen production. About Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen Transition (SIGHT) Programme It is a subcomponent of National Green Hydrogen Mission. Aim: To bolster domestic electrolyser manufacturing and

03 Feb,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Hepatitis A vaccine ‘Havisure’

Recently, the Indian Immunologicals Ltd (IIL) a wholly owned subsidiary of National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) launched India’s first indigenously developed Hepatitis A vaccine ‘Havisure’ in Hyderabad. About Havisure vaccine It is a two-dose vaccine — first dose administered at above 12 months of age and the second at least six months after the first

03 Feb,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

ReTro

Chinese scientists recently announced that they have cloned a Rhesus monkey named ReTro that lived to adulthood. The scientists created ReTro using a slightly modified version to create Dolly the Sheep and other mammals like the long-tailed macaque, which was the first primate to be cloned.

03 Feb,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Post Payments Bank

Context: India Post Payments Bank enter into MoU with Hindustan Zinc to offer financial inclusion services to its CSR beneficiaries. Significance of the MOU: The collaboration will ensure in creating a lasting impact on the lives of community beneficiaries around Hindustan Zinc’s operational areas. The key services provided by the IPPB will ensure Financial Inclusion and ens

02 Feb,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Bharat stage emission standards

Context: The Supreme Court Thursday asked the Centre to formulate a policy to phase out heavy-duty diesel vehicles and to replace them with BSVI vehicles. News: The Supreme Court directed the Centre to formulate a policy within six months regarding the use of the Inland Container Depot (ICD) at Tughlaqabad, Delhi, to address air pollution concerns. The order followed a plea by the Conta

02 Feb,2024 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

National workshop on mental health services

Context: NITI Aayog organized a National Workshop on "Strengthening Mental Health Services and Care in India" at the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore. Objective: The purpose of the workshop was to elicit the views of States and other stakeholders on existing gaps and challenges under the District Mental Health Program (DMHP) and

02 Feb,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Planning

Gangetic dolphin – Fresh water Dolphins

River dolphins are a group of freshwater cetaceans that inhabit various river systems across Asia and South America. The Six Surviving River Dolphin Species include: Amazon, Ganges, Indus, Irrawaddy, Tucuxi, and the Yangtze finless porpoise.The Chinese river dolphin was deemed 'probably extinct' in 2007. As per the IUCN Red list, Yangtze finless po

02 Feb,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Kanger Valley National Park

In a first-of-its-kind model of convergence, Kanger Valley National Park is working with a coalition of various organizations and government departments to prepare a landscape-based ecological restoration plan for the national park. About Kanger Valley National Park Location: It is located in Jagdalpur, in the Bastar district of Chhattisgarh state. It is located on the bank

02 Feb,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Lamprey fish

A recent study has uncovered two potential new species of lamprey fish in California waters. About Lamprey Fish Lampreys are boneless, jawless fish with eel-like bodies that date back over 350 million years. They belong to a relic (primitive) group of jawless fish called Agnathans. They live in coastal and fresh waters and are found in temperate regio

02 Feb,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Union Budget 2024-25: Highlights –Interim Budget

Union Budget 2024-25: Highlights –Interim Budget A budget is a forecast of the government’s revenue and expenses for a future period, typically the upcoming financial year. The Union Budget gives a detailed account of the government's finances over the previous fiscal year, summarises new tax proposals for the upcoming fiscal year, and estimates revenue and expend

01 Feb,2024 GS-3 Government Budgeting

Are antibiotics over-prescribed in India?

Context: The National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) recently found that over half of the nearly 10,000 hospital patients surveyed for a study were given antibiotics to prevent, rather than treat, infection. The survey mapped patients treated on one to five days each at 20 tertiary care institutes across 15 States and two Union Territories between November 2021 and April 2022. It

01 Feb,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Equipment for Recycling of Waste Thermoplastic Polymers

Context: Indigenous equipment called single screw extruder developed for mechanical recycling through melt-mixing of waste thermoplastic polymers and inorganic particulate fillers can help manufacture and characterize polymer composites that can be molded to the required shape for making paver blocks, tiles, and bricks. Present status of recycling: At present, commercially available melt-

31 Jan,2024 GS-3 Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology

Cybercrime

Context: According to a report from Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) around 50% of cybercrime complaints received on the national cybercrime helpline every day have their origin in China and pockets of Cambodia and Myanmar. Cybercrime It is characterized as a criminal activity in which a computer serves as either the target or the instrument for committing an offense. In accordance with

31 Jan,2024 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Tomahawk Missile

It is a US-made long-range cruise missile used for deep-land attack warfare.It can be launched from a ship or submarine and deliver its warhead precisely to a target at a long range. It flies at low altitudes to strike fixed targets, such as communication and air-defense sites, in high-risk environments where manned aircraft may be vulnerable to surface-to-air missiles.

31 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park (PNHZP)

The Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park (PNHZP) is a zoo in Darjeeling, India. It's also known as the Darjeeling Zoo and is the largest high-altitude zoo in the country. The zoo is dedicated to wildlife conservation and is known for its breeding programs for red pandas, Himalayan salamanders, Tibetan wolves, and snow leopards. World Association for Zoos and Aquar

31 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

India’s way forward: Services or manufacturing?

Context: India's economic development strategy has been debated for a long time, with some arguing for a service-led growth model and others for a manufacturing-led model. The country's current development path has seen growth primarily in the service sector, with the manufacturing sector's share of output and employment plateauing at or below 20%. Service sector model: The s

30 Jan,2024 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

The blood management system needs a fresh infusion

Context: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted global health inequalities, prompting policymakers worldwide to advocate for enhanced global health infrastructure as a means to drive economic growth and ensure planetary well-being. However, amid these critical efforts, prioritizing access to blood and its products is deemed essential for establishing a robust global health architecture. The issue of

30 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Snow leopard

Context: Sadyr Zhaparov, the president of Kyrgyzstan signed a decree to declare the snow leopard as the national symbol of Kyrgyzstan. About Snow Leopard: Scientific Name: Panthera uncia Indicator Species: Snow leopards serve as crucial indicators of the mountain ecosystem's health due to their role as the top predator in the food web. Habitat: Found in the mountains of central A

30 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Buxa National Park

Context: Recently, a tiger has been observed in West Bengal’s Buxa National Park. The previous sighting of Tiger was after 23 years on December 12, 2021. News: Possible Factors Contributing to the Tiger Population Recovery: Growth in the number of prey animals for tigers. Increase in the size of grassland habitats, providing more suitable areas for tiger popula

30 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

W1935

W1935 is a brown dwarf star that is 47 light-years away from Earth. It is the 1st auroral candidate outside of the solar system that has been identified through methane emission signatures. It is also the coldest auroral candidate outside of our solar system, with a temperature of about 400 degrees Fahrenheit (200 degrees Celsius). Astronomers using NASA&#

30 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Vondy

It is an all-in-one AI platform that can create content as well as enhance productivity. The application has been developed by New York-based software engineer Rohit Das and New Jersey-based software engineer David Laub. Vondy is free and there are no message limits unlike ChatGPTand also has an AI assistant that’s a social media influencer.

30 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Green Hydrogen from Whisky Distillery

Researchers at the Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh used wastewater from the whisky distilling industry to produce green hydrogen, which is a type of sustainable fuel. They did this by developing a new nanoscale material, nickel selenide that allowed distillery wastewater to replace fresh water in the green hydrogen production & it treats the wastewater.

30 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Aditya-L1

Context: With the Aditya-L1 spacecraft expected to reach the Lagrangian Point (L1) on Saturday, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) will attempt a crucial manoeuvre to bind the spacecraft to an orbit around L1. About the mission: - Aditya-L1 marks India's inaugural space-based observatory-class solar mission designed to scrutinize the Sun from a considerable distance of 1.5 mil

29 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Cyber kidnapping

Context: A Chinese student who was a victim of ‘cyber kidnapping’ has been found in rural Utah, unharmed. The 17-year-old, Kai Zhuang, was reported missing on December 28. By the time the police traced him, his parents back in China had paid $80,000 in ransom. What is cyber kidnapping? Cyber kidnapping is a criminal activity wherein the perpetrators persuade the victim to go i

29 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Internet cable project in Lakshadweep

Context: recently Kochi–Lakshadweep submarine optical fibre cable project was inaugurated , implemented at a cost of ₹1,072 crore, which will connect the islands to high-speed internet for the first time, after years of relying on limited satellite bandwidth. About the project: Objective The KLI project involves extending submarine cable connectivity from Kochi to eleve

29 Jan,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

SpaceX’s Falcon-9 to launch India’s GSAT-20; satellite to spread broadband coverage

Context: NewSpace India Ltd. (NSIL), the commercial arm of the Indian Space Research Organisation, will launch GSAT-20 (renamed GSAT-N2), on board SpaceX’s Falcon-9 rocket during the second quarter of 2024. About GSAT-20 Satellite: Features: GSAT-20 is a high-throughput Ka-band satellite equipped with 32 beams, providing comprehensive coverage across India, including remote regio

29 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

SLIM (Smart Lander for Investigating Moon)- Japan

Japan recently landed a spacecraft called SLIM (Smart Lander for Investigating Moon) on the lunar surface, becoming the 5th country after the Soviet Union, the US, China and India to achieve a soft landing on the moon. About SLIM SLIM was launched by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in September 2023 aboard the H-IIA rocket from the Tanegashima spaceport. It aims to de

29 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Minimum Support Price (MSP)

Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a form of market intervention by the Government of India to insure agricultural producers against any sharp fall in farm prices. The minimum support prices are announced by the Government of India at the beginning of the sowing season for certain crops on the basis of the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP). At presen

29 Jan,2024 GS-3 Issues Related to Direct & Indirect Farm Subsidies & Minimum Support Prices

Day and Night Microphysics

Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has been issuing alerts with maps from various weather monitoring satellites. Day and Night Microphysics RGB Imager It is image created by combination of Red, Green and Blue colours. Aim – To study various atmospheric characteristics. Radiometer – A device that measures the p

29 Jan,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Global Carbon Project (GCP) Report

The Global Carbon Project report for 2023 was released during the recent COP28 summit held in Dubai, UAE. It is a Global Research Project of Future Earth and a research partner of the World Climate Research Programme. Established in – 2001 It is prepared every year by a global consortium of scientists. Aim – To develop a complete picture of

29 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

‘Swayam Siddha’

Swayam Siddha is a financial product from the State Bank of India (SBI) that provides loans to women entrepreneurs from Self Help Groups (SHGs). The loans can be up to 5 lakh rupees.

29 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Bhitarkanika National Park

Odisha’s Bhitarkanika national park will soon be connected by rail as the proposed Jajpur Road-Dhamra railway line will pass through the park. Location: It is located in Kendrapara district in the state of Odisha. It is India’s second-largest mangrove ecosystem after the Sunderbans. The national park that is sprawling across 672 km² of mangrove swamp

28 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Isopod

An international team of marine biologists recently discovered a unique isopod, a form of crustacean, that has been formally identified as a new species of the genus Booralana. Isopods are an order of invertebrates (animals without backbones) that belong to the greater crustacean group of animals, which includes crabs and shrimp. Scientists estimate that there are around 10,0

28 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Chandaka-Dampara wildlife sanctuary

After relocating deer from Cuttack, the Odisha state government is planning to introduce Sambar and Gaur (bison) in the Chandaka-Dampara wildlife sanctuary. It is located in Khurda district of Odisha represents the north-eastern limits of Eastern Ghats. It is also a home to a number of threatened wild animals and birds. This landscape got sanctuary status in 1982. The climat

28 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Pulikulam Cattle breed

Interest in indigenous cattle breeds like the Pulikulam is reviving which is famous for a local game called Jalikattu in TamilNadu. It is a popular draught and game breed of Tamil Nadu. The cattle originated from Pulikulam, a village located in Sivaganga district of Tamil Nadu. It is also known as Palingu maadu, Mani maadu, Jallikattu maadu, Mattu maadu and Kilakattu maadu.

28 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Ugram

Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) lab and a Hyderabd based private firm launched an indigenous assault rifle named Ugram recently. The rifle is weighing less than 4 kg with a 500-meter firing range. It is designed and developed to meet the operational requirements of the Indian armed forces, Para military forces, and state police forces.

28 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

How AI is changing what sovereignty means

Context: Amidst competitive global politicking, as the world struggles to contain the toxic legacies of 2023 — cruel regional wars, civic conflicts and undeniable stories of anthropogenic harms — technocrats, ecocrats, and bureaucrats across the world continue to device and launch quiet initiatives portending a better and larger future for human rights. Relationship between AI and s

27 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Gulf of Aden

Context: The Indian Navy has deployed ships and aircraft to maintain enhanced surveillance and maritime security operations in the North/Central Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden. News: The Navy is actively observing the situation in collaboration with national maritime agencies and is dedicated to guaranteeing the well-being of merchant shipping and seafarers in the area. Cu

27 Jan,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Efficacy of nano urea

Context: A two-year field study conducted by Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) scientists on the effectiveness of Liquid Nano Urea has revealed a significant reduction in rice and wheat yields compared to the application of conventional nitrogen (N) fertilizer. News: These results highlight the importance of conducting extended, long-term field assessments spanning 5-7 years to determine

27 Jan,2024 GS-3 Issues Related to Direct & Indirect Farm Subsidies & Minimum Support Prices

MSMEs in India

A recent report of CBRE-CREDAI says that Maharastra, TamilNadu and Uttar Pradesh (top 3 States) contribute 40% of registered MSMEs in India. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises are known by the acronym MSME.

27 Jan,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Peregrine & Vulcan

The Peregrine lander was built by Pittsburgh-based space robotics firm Astrobotic and aimed to become the first lunar lander constructed by a private company. This is also the first mission to fly under NASA’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) initiative, where NASA pays private companies to send scientific equipment to the moon. Vulcan Centaur is a two-stage-to-orbit, heavy

27 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Sisal

Sisal is a species of flowering plant native to southern Mexico. Sisal, (Agave sisalana), plant of the family Asparagaceae and its fibre, the most important of the leaf fibre group. The leaves have been used to make twine, cloth, carpets and mezcal, a distilled alcoholic beverage. A recent study suggests that the sisal leaves could make sanitary napkins more sustainable in India.

27 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Prithvi programme

Context: The Union Cabinet cleared a ₹4,797-crore programme called ‘Prithvi’ (Earth) that is expected to subsume five existing schemes of the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES). About Prithvi Vigyan Scheme: The Prithvi scheme consolidates five existing sub-schemes, namely: Atmosphere & Climate Research-Modelling Observing Systems & Services (ACROSS) Ocean Service

26 Jan,2024 GS-3 Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology

Qanat system- Water Conservation

Some of Africa’s dry areas face serious water shortages due to minimal rainfall. An ancient system of drawing water from aquifers, the “qanat system”, could help. Qanat system It is an ancient type of water-supply system, developed and still used in arid regions of the world.It taps underground mountain water sources trapped in and beneath the upper reaches of allu

26 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

National Essential Diagnostics List

The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has begun the process of revising the current National Essential Diagnostics List (NEDL) and invited relevant stakeholders to offer suggestions on adding or deleting diagnostic tests to the current list by the end of February. National Essential Diagnostics List The NEDL lists the essential and most basic tests that should be available at va

26 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Vulture Facts

The crash in their population from estimated 4 crores in the early 1980s to less than a lakh by 2007 in India is unprecedented in the animal world. Outside of the oceans, vultures are the only known obligate scavengers. The ecological, social and cultural significance of vultures in India may be summed up as: scavenging on animal carcasses and thereby helping keep the env

26 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Centre Plans Interest-free Loans for Andhra’s Cyclone-hit Tobacco Farmers

Context: The Central government is considering a proposal to provide interest-free loans to tobacco farmers of Andhra Pradesh impacted by Cyclone Michaung. News: Interest-Free Loans for Andhra Tobacco Farmers: Loan Details: Andhra Tobacco farmers are set to receive interest-free loans ranging from ₹10,000 to ₹20,000, with a repayment period of six months. These loans

25 Jan,2024 GS-3 Food Processing & Related Industries in India

Digi Yatra

Context: Recently, air travellers took to social media to express their shock and anger because their privacy was being violated at airports.This was mainly happening due to the forceful promotion of the Digi Yatra initiative by the Union government. About: It was introduced in December 2022 as a completely voluntary program, commenced its rollout at three airports, including Delhi

25 Jan,2024 GS-3 Challenges to Internal Security Through Communication Networks

African dream herb

A dying traditional game, given a fresh lease of life at the ongoing Karbi Youth Festival (KYF) in central Assam’s Karbi Anglong district, has fuelled a drive for conserving a creeper known as the African dream herb. About African dream herb A perennial climbing vine that is used by African traditional healers to induce vivid dreams that enables them to communicate efficien

25 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Senna spectabilis

It is a species of the legume family. It is native to South and Central America and is grown as an ornamental plant as it has bright yellow flowers. It was introduced as shade trees for coffee and firewood in the country; it soon became a threat to native tree species as its dense foliage prevented the growth of other indigenous trees and grass species. It is considere

25 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Chang’e 6 Mission

The China National Space Administration (CNSA) recently announced that the Chang’e 6 sample return mission is on track to land on the surface of the Moon in the first half of 2024. The Chang'e 6 mission is a planned lander designed to return samples from the lunar south pole.The mission aims to land on the Moon, collect samples from the lunar surface, and retu

25 Jan,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Revival of the tiger: A joint effort, a cultural renaissance

Context: Its near extinction in 1973 was a pivotal moment in India’s conservation history. Now, Corbett has the highest density of wild tigers in the world Corbett Tiger Reserve: Corbett Tiger Reserve (CTR) manages tiger reserves based on a comprehensive Tiger Conservation Plan, covering core and buffer zones across three districts in Uttarakhand. Over the past four years, the reserve

24 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Drug war: On use of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance

Context: Antimicrobial resistance is a health issue that will negate advances in medicine News: The 'First Multicentric Point Prevalence Survey of Antibiotic Use at 20 NAC-NET Sites India 2021-22,' conducted by the National Centre for Disease Control under the Health Ministry, has revealed alarming statistics. More than 70% of patients in tertiary-care hospitals across 15 Sta

24 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Mayurbhanj’s Red Ant Chutney Receives GI Tag

Context: Recently, the Similipal Kai Chutney made with kai pimpudi (red weaver ants) by the tribal people of Odisha’s Mayurbhanj district received the geographical identity tag. News: The application was made by The Mayurbhanj Kai Society Ltd in 2020 for registration in Class 30 under sub-section (1) of section 13 of Geographical Indications of Goods (Re

24 Jan,2024 GS-3 Food Processing & Related Industries in India

Yen Denominated Green Bonds

Ministry of Power, has achieved a significant milestone by issuing its inaugural Japanese Yen (JPY) 61.1 billion green bonds under Global Medium Term Notes Programme. Yen Denominated Green Bonds It is REC Limited’s eleventh venture into the international bond market and inaugural Yen Bond issuance, which is also the first Yen Green Bonds issuance by any Indian PSU Time period

24 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs)-FACTS

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) succeed the incandescent bulbs and fluorescent lamps of previous centuries as the world’s light-source of choice. About Light-Emitting Diodes A diode is an electronic component which has two points of contact, or terminals, called its anode and cathode. A diode’s primary purpose is to allow current to flow in only one direction. A

24 Jan,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Humboldt’s Enigma

Explorers and naturalists have been curious why some areas are more biodiverse than others. What is Humboldt’s enigma? It is a term used to describe the puzzle of why some mountain regions, especially in the tropics, have exceptionally high biodiversity, contrary to the expected decrease in diversity away from the equator. It is named after Alexander von Humboldt, a 19th-cent

23 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Anti-Microbial Resistance Cause and Solution

Recently the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) in a study found that over half of the nearly 10,000 hospital patients surveyed were given antibiotics to prevent, rather than treat, infection. What is Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)? Antimicrobials - including antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals and antiparasitic - are medicines used to prevent and treat infections in humans, ani

23 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Snow Leopard

The Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park (PNHZP), also known as Darjeeling zoo was successful in breeding 77 snow leopards since the 1980s. Darjeeling Zoo is the world’s 2nd largest Snow Leopard breeding program next to New York’s Bronx Zoo. Scientific Name – Panthera uncia They are referred as the ‘ghost of the mountains’ fo

23 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Schedule M of the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945: Updated

Context: On January 8, 2024, the Union Health Ministry introduced updated regulations in Schedule M of the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945, aiming to strengthen the oversight of pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical products. Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for Pharmaceutical Companies: GMP functions as a framework ensuring consistent production and control of products in adherence to q

22 Jan,2024 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

Cassava(Tapioca)

Context: On January 8, 2024, the ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute (CTCRI) issued a cautionary advisory regarding the feeding of animals with cassava, commonly known as tapioca. About Tapioca Plant: Tapioca is a significant horticulture crop extensively cultivated on nearly 3 lakh hectares in Tamil Nadu, yielding an annual production of 60 lakh tonnes. It holds global importa

22 Jan,2024 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

Windfall tax – Petroleum

India cut its windfall tax on petroleum crude to 1,700 rupees ($20.53) a tonne from 2,300 rupees a tonne, according to a recent government notification. Windfall Tax It is a tax levied by governments against certain industries when economic conditions allow those industries to experience significantly above-average profits. The term “windfall” refer

22 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Tibetan brown bear-SIKKIM

A rare and elusive bear, the Tibetan brown bear, has been recently sighted in Sikkim, making it the first confirmed record of the animal being sighted in India. Tibetan Brown Bear The Tibetan brown bear, also known as the Tibetan blue bear, is one of the rarest subspecies of bears in the world and is rarely sighted in the wild. Scientific Name: Ursus arctos

22 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Gentoo penguin-Chilean Antarctica

Recently, a photographer has spotted an extremely rare all-white Gentoo penguin in Chilean Antarctica. Gentoo penguin It is exclusively found in the Southern Hemisphere between 45 and 65 degrees south latitude. Within this range, gentoos are found on the Antarctic Peninsula as well as many sub-Antarctic islands. One of the most predominant locations gentoos inhabit is the&nb

22 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Paramyrothecium indicum- Fungus

Scientists recently discovered a new species of fungus in Kerala, named ‘Paramyrothecium indicum’. Paramyrothecium indicum It is a new species of phytopathogenic fungus. Phytopathogens are parasites surviving on a plant host. Most of Paramyrothecium are phytopathogens. They are responsible for “serious plant diseases which might negatively affe

22 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

MV Vasiliy Golovnin

MV Vasiliy Golovnin, an expedition vessel chartered by India, commenced its journey recently. The journey is from Cape Town to Antarctica for the 43rd Indian Scientific Expedition to Antarctica (ISEA) Voyage. The expedition includes 21 members from India, two from Mauritius, and one from Bangladesh.

22 Jan,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

A new high: On the Aditya-L1 mission and ISRO outreach

Context: On January 6 Aditya-L1 reached its destination, around the L1 Lagrange point, from where it will have an unfettered view of the sun for its expected lifetime of five years. Overview of ISRO: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is the space agency of the Government of India, established in 1969, with headquarters in Bengaluru, Karnataka. It is recognized for its cost-e

21 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Astra Missile- Indian Missile development

The Minister of State for Defence recently flagged off the indigenously developed Astra Missiles for supply to the Indian Air Force (IAF) at Bharat Dynamics in Hyderabad. Astra Missile Astra is a beyond-visual-range (BVR) air-to-air missile designed to be mounted on fighter aircraft. It is indigenously developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation&n

21 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Gut Microbiota and Human Health

Scientists are finding that the gut microbiota may be linked to heart health, some cancers, and even the colour of urine. Gut Microbiota The human gut microbiota refers to the trillions of microbes, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, that live in the human gut. Previously, people referred to the gut microbiota as the microflora of the gut. The gut microbiome i

21 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Superconductivity

Context: A group of scientists affiliated with research institutes in China and Japan have reported finding a sign of superconductivity in a material that was at the centre of a controversy last year over similar claims. The sign in question is called the Meissner effect. About: Superconductivity is an inherent property found in various materials, including chemical elements (e.g., mer

20 Jan,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Himalayan Wolf

Himalayan Wolf has been assessed for the first time in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)’s Red List and categorised as ‘Vulnerable’. Himalayan Wolf The Himalayan Wolf (Canis lupus chanco), a prominent lupine predator found across the Himalayas. It is also called Tibetan wolves, which live at more than 4,000 metres altitudes and are gene

20 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Punganur cows

Standing at just around 70-90 cm tall and weighing less than 200 kg, it is among the world’s most dwarf cattle breeds. It is native to Punganur village in the Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh. It has high resilience to drought and can adapt to low-quality feed. It is also prized for its milk, which boasts a higher fat content, mak

20 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee- Bio pollution

The Supreme Court recently questioned the Centre on why reports of the court-appointed Technical Experts Committee (TEC) on the biosafety of genetically modified (GM) crops were not looked into by the Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC). GEAC It is the statutory committee constituted under the “Rules for the Manufacture, Use/Import/Export and Storage of Hazardous Microo

20 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

Investment bankers

An investment banker is an individual who often works as part of a financial institution and is primarily concerned with raising capital for corporations, governments, or other entities. Examples of investment banker employers - Goldman Sachs (GS), Morgan Stanley (MS), JPMorgan Chase (JPM), Bank of America Merrill Lynch (BAC), and Deutsche Bank (DB).

20 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

India’s great grain mystery

Context: India's cereal production, mainly rice and wheat, crossed 300 million tonnes for the first time in 2022-23, reaching 304 million tones.There is a large and growing gap between cereal production and the known uses of it. Data gaps make an assessment more difficult. The gap: The latest estimates of per capita cereal consumption (PCCC) pertain to 2011-12, with figures ranging f

19 Jan,2024 GS-3 Food Processing & Related Industries in India

Light Detection and Ranging – LiDAR

Lidar, which stands for Light Detection and Ranging, is a remote sensing method that uses light in the form of a pulsed laser to measure ranges (variable distances) to the Earth. These light pulses—combined with other data recorded by the airborne system — generate precise, three-dimensional information about the shape of the Earth and its surface characte

19 Jan,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT)

Recently, an official delegation from the Department of Science and Technology visited Mauna Kea to discuss “challenges” to the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) project. Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) It has been conceived as a 30-metre diameter primary-mirror optical and infrared telescope that will enable observations into deep space. It is proposed as a joint

19 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Conjoined Silverline (Cigaritis conjuncta)

Researchers from the National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS) found a new butterfly species in Karnataka’s Bramhagiri Wildlife Sanctuary, Kodagu. Conjoined Silverline butterfly The butterfly species -- Conjoined Silverline (Cigaritis conjuncta) found from the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India. Features The new butterfly is the size of a one

19 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

National Birds Day

January 5 is observed as National Birds Day introduced by U.S.A in 2002 and followed in some parts of the world. It is aimed at raising awareness for the conservation of avian species that have been adversely affected by habitat destruction, reducing food choices and climate change. The theme of the National Birds Day 2024 is ‘Right to Fight’. Birds in N

19 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Show Cause Notice by Financial Intelligence Unit

Context: India’s Financial Intelligence Unit has issued show-cause notices to nine offshore crypto-currency operators, including Binance, for not complying with the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA). News: Show Cause Notices for compliance have been sent to nine offshore Virtual Digital Assets Service Providers (VDA SPs) under Section 13 o

18 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Sixteenth Finance Commission

Context: The Centre has appointed Arvind Panagariya, a renowned trade economist and former Niti Aayog vice chairman, as the chairman of the Sixteenth Finance Commission. About Finance Commission The Finance Commission (FC) of India was established by the President in 1951 according to Article 280 of the Indian Constitution. Its primary purpose is to define and regulate the financi

18 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Planning

NITI AYOG

Context: Recent studies by NITI Aayog show that the levy of 20-30% health tax on food high in sugar, salt, and fat. The study by Niti Aayog, studied the impact of imposing health taxes and warning labels on food products to encourage healthy eating practices. About NITI Aayog: Establishment: Formed in 2015. Headquarters: Located in New Delhi. Objectives: Develop a s

18 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Planning

Small finance bank

Context: Recently, Small finance bank (SFB) campaigns were launched.The initiative aims to showcase the achievements of Small Finance Banks (SFBs) in terms of their business models to various stakeholders. About Small Finance Bank (SFB): Small Finance Banks are financial institutions dedicated to providing financial services in regions that are underserved and unbanked. They are i

18 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Poppy straw

Over 10,000 kg of poppy straw, under the cover of cattle feed, has been seized by the Central Bureau of Narcotics in the last 1 year. Poppy straw – It is the husk left after the opium is extracted from the pods which also contains a very small morphine content. Drug – It is one of the narcotic drugs under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substan

18 Jan,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

National Mission for Clean Ganga- River Conservation

On 12th August 2011, the NMCG was listed as a society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860. It acted as the implementation arm of the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) which was constituted under the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act (EPA),1986. NGRBA was dissolved in 2016 and replaced by the National Council for Re

18 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

India’s First Dark Sky Park

The Pench Tiger Reserve in Maharashtra has been designated as India's first Dark Sky Park and the fifth in Asia, protecting the night sky and preventing light pollution. India’s First Dark Sky Park The Pench Tiger Reserve (PTR) in Maharashtra is India's first Dark Sky Park within a tiger reserve for earmarking areas around the park that restrict light pollutio

18 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

X-65

The X-65 is an experimental jet aircraft developed by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's (DARPA) Control of Revolutionary Aircraft with Novel Effectors (CRANE) program. It is a full-scale aircraft to demonstrate a new method of flight control that uses no external moving parts.

18 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Hot Jupiters

Hot Jupiters are a class of exoplanets that have features similar to Jupiter, but are much closer to their host star & its upper atmosphere is hotter than 1,800 degrees Celcius. The harsh ultraviolet radiation from its star is heating the planet’s upper atmosphere, which in turn causes magnesium and iron gas to escape into space. The star’s powerful gr

18 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Anamalai Tiger Reserve

Context: Forest officials in the Anamalai Tiger Reserve (ATR) rescued a wild elephant calf who was found separated from the herd About Anamalai Tiger Reserve: - Location: The Anamalai Tiger Reserve is a protected area situated at an elevation of 1400 m in the Anamalai Hills within Pollachi and Coimbatore Districts of Tamil Nadu. Positioned to the s

17 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Series of earthquakes strikes Japan, tsunami warning issued

context: The Japan Meteorological Agency issued a tsunami warning along coastal regions of Ishikawa, Niigata and Toyama prefectures. The Japan Meterological Agency reported quakes off the coast of Ishikawa and nearby prefectures one of them with a preliminary magnitude of 7.6. Earthquakes An earthquake is the shaking of the earth, a natural occurrence caused by the release of energy t

17 Jan,2024 GS-3 Disaster Management

Swachh Survekshan Awards

Recently Union government announced the Swachh Survekshan Awards 2023. An annual cleanliness ranking for urban areas since 2016. Released by – Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs. Coverage – Originally 73 cities in 2016, now has increased along with 4,416 urban local bodies, 61 cantonments and 88 Ganga towns. About 1.58 cr

17 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Cervical Cancer Vaccine

Indian government is set to roll out a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination campaign for girls in the 9-14 years age group. Cervavac is an indigenously developed quadrivalent vaccine by the Serum Institute of India (SII) in Pune, is already available commercially. Immunisation drive – It will be conducted through schools and existing vaccination points, pl

17 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Floods and a ‘preventive measure’ that needs review

Context: The article underscores the enduring consequences of choices made post-Cyclone Michuang in Chennai, particularly concerning electricity disruptions. The core concept emphasizes the importance of accountability in decision-making during crises, underscoring the delicate equilibrium between safety precautions and potential risks for vulnerable groups, notably the elderly. Moving forward ent

16 Jan,2024 GS-3 Issues of Buffer Stocks & Food Security

PSLV-C58 XPoSat mission

Context: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) kicked off the new year with the launch of the PSLV-C58 X-ray Polarimeter Satellite (XPoSat) on January 1, 2024. On January 1, 2024, the PSLV-C58 mission achieved success, placing the primary satellite, XPoSat, into the intended orbit of 650 km with a 6-degree inclination The successful launch of XPoSat makes India the second

16 Jan,2024 GS-3 Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology

Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs)

Context: Recently, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued its list of Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs). News: In the recent update by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), both the State Bank of India (SBI) and HDFC Bank have been reclassified to higher tiers, while ICICI Bank maintains its existing categorization from the previous year The revised classifications pla

16 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Critically Important Antimicrobials (CIA)

The findings of a new survey by the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) underscored the need for properly monitoring critically important antimicrobials to mitigate AMR. CIAs – They represent a class of antimicrobials. Categorised by – World Health Organisation (WHO). 3 groups – Based on their importance to human medicine and the&n

16 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Up skilling Rural Youth of India

In a recent group discussion held by Life Skills Collaborative, most of the rural youth preferred to stay in their village which necessitates the importance of upskilling them. Why is upskilling necessary for the rural youth? UN projects that almost 50% of the Indian population will be living in urban areas by 2047. To overcome agrarian crisis – Farming is the main sour

16 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Radiocarbon dating

Context: The technology allowed scholars a clearer and measurable view of the past, clarifying the history of human migration, the rise and fall of civilisations, and undulations of the earth’s climate About: Radiocarbon dating, also known as carbon-14 dating, is a scientific method employed to precisely ascertain the age of organic materials, with its accuracy extending to around 6

15 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

First advance estimates of national income released by the National Statistical Office (NSO)

Context: India’s real GDP growth in 2023-24 is estimated at 7.3%, compared to 7.2% a year ago, as per the first advance estimates of national income released by the National Statistical Office (NSO), which reckon the economy will outperform the 7% uptick recently projected by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). About NSO (National Statistical Office): Role and Affiliation: The NSO ser

15 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Tur dal procurement portal

Cooperation ministry recently launched a portal through which farmers can sell tur dal to government procurement agencies at the minimum support price (MSP) or market price, whichever is higher. Govt. Procurement agencies - National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India (Nafed) or National Cooperative Consumers’ Federation of India (NCCF).

15 Jan,2024 GS-3 E-Technology in the Aid of Farmers, Technology Missions

Square Kilometre Array (SKA) Observatory

India had decided to formally join the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) project, an international scientific collaboration working to build the world’s largest radio telescope. What is SKA? SKA – It will be the world's biggest and most advanced radio telescope ever constructed. It will not be a single large telescope, but a collection of thousands of dis

15 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

First Advanced Estimate (FEA) of GDP and GDP CALCULATIONS

Recently, the 1st Advance Estimates (FAEs) released by the government showed that India’s GDP will grow by 7.3% in the current financial year (2023-24), slightly faster than the 7.2% growth in 2022-23. What is GDP? Gross Domestic Product – GDP is defined as total market value of all final goods and services in an economy. It is used to assess the size of

15 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

World Employment and Social Outlook Report 2023

Released by- International Labour Organisation Publication- Annually Theme- The value of essential work. About- It details the impact of economic slowdown on the global labour market. 2023 report- It calls for a revaluation of the work of key workers to reflect their social contribution and greater investment in key sectors. Key workers- Food system worke

15 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

TM Module-2 in ICD-11

Recently ICD-11 was launched with the inclusion of Traditional Medicine Module 2. ICD-11 – International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision, the global standard for diagnostic health information. Launched by – World Health Organisation (WHO). Prepared by – WHO in collaboration with Ministry of AYUSH. Aim - To modernize

15 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

ISRO launches XPoSat

Context: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully placed its inaugural X-ray Polarimeter Satellite (XPoSat) into a meticulous circular orbit at an altitude of 650 km following a 21-minute flight on January 1. XPoSat represents the globe's second satellite mission exclusively focused on conducting X-ray polarimetry measurements. About XPoSat: XPoSat, India's

14 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

GolDN

IIT Bombay has developed an instrument, GolDN (pronounced as Golden) for melt-mixing of waste thermoplastic polymers and inorganic particulate fillers to manufacture polymer composites. GolDN is a single screw extruder that mechanically recycles waste plastic polymers through melt-mixing. The instrument can manufacture composites from thermoplastic waste that can be molded

14 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Zosurabalpin

Researchers have identified a new class of antibiotics named Zosurabalpin with the potential to tackle a drug-resistant bacterium, Acinetobacter baumannii recently. It inhibits the transport of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules. Zosurabalpin was found to be effective against CRAB (carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii)-induced pneumonia and sepsis in mice

14 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Halo orbit

Aditya-L1 spacecraft was successfully placed in halo orbit around the Lagrangian point (L1).A halo orbit is a periodic, 3-dimensional orbit that occurs near one of the L1, L2, or L3 Lagrange points. These points are locations in space where the gravitational pull from two celestial bodies is equal. It is called a halo orbit because the tracked orbit looks like a halo

14 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME)

It is the apex executive body for the formulation and administration of rules, regulations and laws relating to MSMEs in India.MSME sector has emerged as a highly vibrant and dynamic sector of the Indian economy, fostering entrepreneurship and self-employment opportunities at comparatively lower capital cost, next only to agriculture. Union minister- Shri Narayan Rane Key Initiativ

14 Jan,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

SMART 2.0

Context: The Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS) along with National Commission for Indian System of Medicine (NCISM) has launched 'SMART 2.0' (Scope for Mainstreaming Ayurveda Research among Teaching professionals) program to promote robust clinical studies in priority areas of Ayurveda with Ayurveda academic institutions/hospitals across the country throu

13 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

North India's 1st Biotech Industrial Park

North India’s 1st industrial biotech park inaugurated in Jammu and Kashmir’s Kathua recently. Biotech Parks offer facilities to scientists and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) for technology incubation, demonstration, and pilot plant studies. The parks are established to facilitate product advancement and innovation through the development of biot

13 Jan,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Effects of industries on Dahej

Industrial pollution has destroyed local fisheries in Dahej near Bharuch, Gujarat. Dahej Location - Near the ancient port site of Barygaza (near today’s Bharuch) on the Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat. Economic importance - It began to be developed as a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in 1990. It is one of the four Petroleum, Chemical and Petro

13 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

The global nuclear order is under strain

Context: The current nuclear order has evolved over time, with nine states possessing nuclear weapons: the United States, Russia, France, the United Kingdom, China, India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea Background: The global nuclear order is the process by which nuclear weapons affect the world order, dominated by powerful states, mostly from the Global North, with excessive influence

12 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Vazhakulam variety

Vazhakulam pineapple is a pineapple grown in the Vazhakulam area of Kerala, India. The pineapple is unique in aroma, flavour and sweetness due to its high sugar content and low acidity. Vazhakulam is considered as the biggest pineapple market in India. It got its GI tag in 2009.

12 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Education and Research Network (ERNET)

The Education and Research Network is an autonomous scientific society of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology. ERNET was established in 1986 to provide a networking infrastructure for the research and education community with its headquarters are in New Delhi. ERNET's mandate is to support the needs of academic and research institutions thr

12 Jan,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Status of GI tag in India

GI tag - A GI tag is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation that are due to that origin. Ownership - Any trader's body, association, or organization can apply for a GI tag. Major Categories - The products in the GI registry fall under five major categories. Agriculture Food Stuff

12 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Inland Waterways Development Council (IWDC)

Harit Nauka guidelines and the River Cruise Tourism Roadmap 2047 were launched at the recently held inaugural Inland Waterways Development Council (IWDC) in Kolkata. IWDC – It is hosted by the Inland Waterways Authority of India. Establishment in – 2023 Objectives – For comprehensive development of inland waterways and associated ecosyst

12 Jan,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

DRDO anti-drone technology

With rising use of drones, DRDO develops own counter technology. Indigenous - The DRDO is developing an indigenous counter-drone technology, which is capable of counter-attacks including detection, soft kill and hard kill of all types of drones. The counter-drone system is ready for production and is already demonstrated to armed services and other internal security agencies. Te

12 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Supreme Court gives 3 months to SEBI to wrap up Adani probe.

Context: Refusing to hand over a probe into allegations of the Hindenburg Research report on Adani Group to a Special Investigation Team, the Supreme Court asked market regulator SEBI to continue with its investigations and complete the probe in three months. Background: In late January, Hindenburg Research, which specialises in short selling, published a report critical of

11 Jan,2024 GS-3 Investment Models

Cyber kidnapping

Cyber kidnapping is a type of cybercrime where attackers gain unauthorized access to computer systems or data and then demand ransom. In cyber kidnapping, online attackers target victims and force them into isolating themselves to demand ransom from their families. They monitor the victims through video chat and use pictures captured by them in isolated conditions to extort money from th

11 Jan,2024 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Starlink

Starlink is a satellite internet network operated by SpaceX, an American aerospace company. It provides coverage to over 70 countries and aims to provide high-speed internet coverage to every part of the world. It also aims to provide global mobile phone service after 2023.

11 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Elasmobranch Species

Shark & ray meat (elasmobranch meat) consumption no longer restricted to India’s tribal & coastal peoples. Elasmobranch is a subclass of the Class Chondrichthyes: Cartilaginous Fishes, which consists of sharks, rays, skates, and chimaeras. The rise in demand for elasmobranch meat could lead to more unsustainable fishing of shark species. Difference - The other

11 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Nathapodytes nimmoniana

Researchers at the Indian Institutes of Technology Madras and Mandi have metabolically engineered plant cells to increase production of anti-cancer drug camptothecin (CPT). Nathapodytes nimmoniana Nathapodytes nimmoniana is an endangered medicinal plant widely distributed throughout the Western Ghats of India. The plant contains camptothecin (CPT) which is renowned anticancer drugs.

11 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

A look back at AI in 2023: The dangers and the hope

CONTEXT: In 2023, the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on social and economic relations was significant, attributed to the success of large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, in solving complex tasks. Concerns about the dangers of LLMs and publicly deployed AI systems started to be voiced by both industry and state actors, highlighting potential perils that were previously ignored by t

10 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Sanjauli-Dhalli Tunnel

Context: Recently, the Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh inaugurated the newly-constructed Sanjauli-Dhalli tunnel. About Sanjauli-Dhalli Tunnel: Description: A double-lane tunnel spanning approximately 150 meters, constructed at an estimated cost of Rs 47 crore. Existing Dhalli Tunnel: Originally built in 1852 as a single-lane passage, the older Dhalli tunnel had exceed

10 Jan,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Cosmic Distances

Context: While no human probe has ventured far beyond the boundaries of the Solar System, we possess the capability to measure distances spanning billions of light-years. About: The expanse of space beyond Earth is immensely large, leading to the impracticality of using everyday units of measure. Distances between planets and, more notably, between stars become staggering when expressed

10 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Card-on-file tokenization

Context: Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has authorized the implementation of card-on-file tokenization (CoFT) in collaboration with card-issuing banks and institutions, aiming to enhance the security and safety of digital payments. Card-on-File Tokenization (CoFT): The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) introduced Card-on-File Tokenization in September 2021, and its implementation commenced on Oct

10 Jan,2024 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Scope for Mainstreaming Ayurveda Research among Teaching professionals (‘SMART 2.0’)

The Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS) along with National Commission for Indian System of Medicine (NCISM) has launched 'SMART 2.0' recently. The program aims to promote robust clinical studies in priority areas of Ayurveda with Ayurveda academic institutions/hospitals across the country through mutual collaboration.

10 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Fog Pass Device

A Fog Pass Device is a GPS-based navigation device that helps train loco pilot navigate through dense fog. It provides on-board real-time information (Display as well as voice guidance) to Loco Pilots. It gives information regarding location of fixed landmarks such as Signal, Level Crossing gate (Manned & Unmanned), Permanent Speed Restrictions, Neutral Sections e

10 Jan,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Mountain Green Cover Index (MGCI)

Recently National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) signed a 3-year MoU with the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) to develop & report a Green Cover Index for National highways. MGCI is a metric that measures the amount of green vegetation in mountain areas (forest, shrubs, trees, pasture land, crop land, etc.) in order to monitor progress towards the mountain targe

10 Jan,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Lancet Countdown Report 2023

A new report by the Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change warns of the severe health consequences of climate change in India. Lancet Countdown Report The Lancet Countdown is global research collaboration that tracks the relationship between public health and climate change. 2023 report- It tracks the relationship between healt

10 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

AI Copyright Lawsuit

The New York Times (NYT) filed a lawsuit against OpenAI and Microsoft for using its copyrighted work to train and generate Artificial Intelligence products. Why NYT filed allegation against AI firms? Use of copyrighted materials- NYT claims that Open AI and Microsoft are free-riding on its journalism, stealing its audience. It argues that Open AI and Microsoft’s use is not transfo

10 Jan,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

ULFA peace accord

Context: The pro-talks faction of the United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA) on Friday signed a historic tripartite peace deal with the Government of India and the state government of Assam. Background: Roots in Assamese anxieties Assamese people have a unique culture, language, and strong identity. In the 19th century, the region's economic growth in tea, coal, and

09 Jan,2024 GS-3 Challenges to Internal Security Through Communication Networks

Status of persons with disabilities

Context: There needs to be a focus on solutions that enhance the activities of daily life and the quality of life for the disabled News: The United Nations has emphasized the need for "transformative solutions" that promote inclusive development and leave no one behind, refocusing attention on disability-reducing innovations. The field of "neuropsychiatry," situated

09 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Zero coupon zero principle

Context: Capital markets regulator Sebi on Thursday came out with a procedure for public issuance of 'zero coupon zero principle' instruments by not-for-profit organisations (NPOs) and listing of such instruments on the Social Stock Exchange (SSE). News: Instruments issued in dematerialized form are non-transferable. The minimum issue size for such instruments is set a

09 Jan,2024 GS-3 Economic Index

Amrit Dharohar Scheme

Recently, Ministry of Tourism started training in Bhitarkanika National Park, Odisha under Amrit Dharohar Capacity Building Scheme. Goal – To promote unique conservation values of Ramsar Sites’. Ramsar Convention of 1971, an intergovernmental treaty for conservation and wise use of wetlands, was ratified by India in 1982. Purpose – To maintain he

09 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

PRITHvi VIgyan (PRITHVI)

The Union Cabinet Chaired by the Prime Minister of India has approved the overarching scheme ‘PRITHvi Vigyan’ (PRITHVI). Implemented by – Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES). The research & development and operational (services) activities of MoES are carried out by 10 Institutes of MoES. Timeline – 2021-26, at an overall cost of Rs. 4,79

09 Jan,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

One Nation One Ration Card (ONORC)

Context: Ration card portability gained traction across India this year, as 28 crore transactions were recorded in the first 11 months of 2023, according to the food ministry. About: Poor migrant workers will have the opportunity to purchase subsidized rice and wheat from any ration shop in the country, provided their ration cards are linked to Aadhaar. To be eligible for subsidies su

08 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

South Coast Railway Zone

The South Coast Railway (SCoR) Zone is India's 18th railway zone, and its headquarters are in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. It was announced in 2019 and still not started yet.

08 Jan,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Wetland City Accreditation

Recently, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change has submitted three nominations from India for Wetland City Accreditation (WCA) of Indore (Madhya Pradesh), Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh) & Udaipur (Rajasthan) under the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. WCA – A voluntary scheme that recognizes cities which have taken exceptional steps to safeguard their urban wetl

08 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Plasma waves

The researchers at Indian Institute of Geomagnetism (IIG) have examined the existence of high-frequency plasma waves in the Martian plasma environment. IIG is an autonomous institute of Department of Science and Technology. Plasma waves – A type of electromagnetic wave that propagates through plasma, a state of matter. Plasma is formed when a gas is heated t

08 Jan,2024 GS-3 Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology

CZA allows Odisha’s Nandankanan to receive cheetah, African lion from Dubai Safari

Context: The Central Zoo Authority has allowed the Odisha government to carry out the planned transfer of a cheetah, African lion and Chimpanzee from Dubai Safari Park (DSP) to Nandankanan Zoological Park (NZP), Bhubaneswar. The CZA has asked the wildlife wing of the State Forest and Environment Department to keep requisite housing facilities ready in accordance with its guideline. News: &

07 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Noma

Context: The World Health Organization (WHO) on December 15, 2023 added one of the world’s most underrecognised health challenges, noma, to its official list of neglected tropical diseases (NTD). Context: The World Health Organization (WHO) on December 15, 2023 added one of the world’s most underrecognised health challenges, noma, to its official list of neglected tropical diseases

07 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Enhanced tiger population at Valmiki Tiger reserve

Context: The increase in tiger numbers in the Valmiki Tiger Reserve in Bihar was facilitated by diminished human activity, including bans on mining. In VTR, the status of tiger conservation has seen significant improvements: Mining Restrictions: Strict measures, including a complete ban on sand and stone mining within VTR, along with rigorous restrictions on mining activities in its eco-sens

07 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Perovskite

Context: Indian scientists have indigenously developed organic-inorganic halide perovskite self-powered broadband photodetector with partial substitution of lead by magnesium which can be useful for solar energy generation. News: Introduction of Eco-Friendly Alternative: The research address issues with toxic lead in organic-inorganic halide perovskite (MAPbI3). It propose a

07 Jan,2024 GS-3 Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology

Mushroom derived bioactive compounds

Context: Natural anti-infective, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antithrombotic products derived from a wide range of easily SOURCEd mushrooms and their bioactive molecules have the potential to combat covid, according to a new paper. News: Bioactive Ingredients and Immune System Boost: The COVID-19 pandemic prompted increased research on bioactive compounds to enhance the immune system

07 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Pegasus spyware

Context: The Washington Post and human rights non-profit Amnesty International have alleged that the spyware instance known as Pegasus continues to be in use, on this occasion targeting journalists in India. Based on newfound data the two organisations have said the phones of founding editor of The Wire, Siddharth Varadarajan, and South Asia editor of the Organised Crime and Corruption Report

07 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Indian Railways in 2023 – Year Review

The Performance of Indian Railways in 2023 showed significant strides in infrastructure but reveals underwhelming freight loading and financial performance. How Indian Railways performed in 2023? Near completion of DFC – Dedicated Freight Corridors are nearing completion with more than 200 freight trains already running on the corridors. De

07 Jan,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Asset quality of Indian banks improves to decadal high: RBI

Background: As per the Financial Stability Report by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the Gross Non-Performing Assets (GNPA) ratio reached 5% in September 2022. Concurrently, the ratio of Net Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) to net advances has decreased to 1.3% in September 2022, marking the lowest point in the last decade. The NPAs had experienced an increase from 3.8% in 2014 to 11.4% in 2018. H

06 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

The New York Times sues OpenAI and Microsoft for using its stories to train chatbots

Context: The Times says the companies are threatening its livelihood by effectively stealing billions of dollars worth of work by its journalists, in some cases spitting out Times' material verbatim to people who seek answers from generative artificial intelligence like OpenAI's ChatGPT. The newspaper's lawsuit was filed in federal court in Manhattan and follows what appears to be a br

06 Jan,2024 GS-3 Issues Relating to Intellectual Property Rights

First account of Indian scientists on winter expedition to Arctic

Context: India embarks on its first-ever winter expedition to the Arctic. With this initiative, India’s Himadri becomes the fourth research station in the Arctic to be manned year-round. India's Winter Expedition Plan: Expedition Team: A team comprising four scientists, financially supported by the Union Ministry of Earth Sciences, is scheduled to carry out the expedition. The e

06 Jan,2024 GS-3 Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology

Ennore ammonia gas leak | NGT takes suo motu cognisance

Context: Based on media reports of several people from Periakuppam, Ernavur, Burma Nagar experiencing breathlessness and eye and skin irritation after leakage of ammonia from gas pipelines of the unit, the NGT on December 27 issued directions to the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB) to file a report on the incident. News: A gas leakage occurred in the subsea pipeline of Cor

06 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Credit Rating Agencies and INDIA

Recently, India released a document titled ‘Re-examining Narratives: A Collection of Essays’ to present alternate perspectives on economic policy that have long-term implications for India’s growth and development priorities. What are credit rating agencies? Credit Rating Agencies (CRA) – According to IMF, they are private companies that assess credit risk&n

06 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Regulation of Virtual Digital Asset

Recently, the Financial Intelligence Unit India (FIU IND) issued show-cause notices to 9 offshore virtual digital asset service providers (VDA SPs) like Bitfinex and MEXC Global, among others. What is FIU-IND? Established in – 2004 under the Finance Ministry. Aim – To act as a nodal agency for receiving, analysing and disseminating information relating to suspected

06 Jan,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

Site for Maitri-II identified in Antarctica

CONTEXT: The new research station will be located just a few kilometres away from the Maitri station currently operating in the eastern Antarctica region. A team of Indian polar scientists has identified a site for India's new research station in Antarctica, called Maitri-II. The research base will be located near the existing Maitri station in eastern Antarctica. India has been cond

05 Jan,2024 GS-3 Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology

Japan’s SLIM ‘moon sniper’ reaches lunar orbit ahead of landmark landing

CONTEXT: Japan will attempt to become just the fifth country in the world to soft-land a spacecraft on the Moon. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) announced the successful insertion of its "Smart Lander for Investigating Moon" (SLIM) into lunar orbit at 1:21 PM IST. SLIM's elliptical lunar orbit connects the Moon's south and north poles with a period of about

05 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

There is no substitute for an industrial policy

Key words: Make in India (MII), Self-sufficiency, Protectionism, Jobs, Exports, PLI, NIP, Informal Economy, MSMEs, China Background: For decades, the role of government intervention in shaping economic development has been fiercely contested. While free-market proponents advocate for minimal interference, others argue for strategic government involvement to guide and

05 Jan,2024 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

Electronic soil

Context: Researchers have developed a new electronics soil that was found to increase the growth of barley seedlings by 50 per cent in a new study. News: A new eSoil, developed by the Electronic Plants group at Linköping University, enhances barley seedling growth by an average of 50% in hydroponic cultivation. The low-power bioelectronic scaffolding, called eSoil, is designed for

05 Jan,2024 GS-3 E-Technology in the Aid of Farmers, Technology Missions

Govt directs social media platforms to comply with IT rules amid concerns over deepfakes

Context: The advisory by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) mandates that intermediaries communicate prohibited content, particularly those specified under Rule 3(1)(b) of the IT Rules, clearly and precisely to users. News: The Indian government issued an advisory to social media platforms regarding compliance with IT rules, specifically addressing concerns abo

05 Jan,2024 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

X-Ray Polarimeter Satellite (XPOSAT)

ISRO's XPoSat was successfully launched from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. About- India's inaugural scientific satellite to measure space-based polarization of X-ray emissions from celestial sources such as black holes and neutron stars in the medium energy band (8-30 keV). Orbit location - Low earth orbit (650 km), low inclination o

05 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Litchi

National Research Centre on Litchi (NRCL) has successfully expanded litchi cultivation in India by providing technical help, plants and training to farmers. It is a sweet juicy fruit which is also known as lychee or lichee. Scientific name – Litchi chinensis under soapberry family (Sapindaceae). It is a small, oval roundish fruit that is native to

05 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Inoperative account by RBI

A savings or current account is treated as inoperative, if there are no ‘customer induced transactions’ in the account for a period of over 2 years. A customer induced transaction can be a financial transaction initiated by or done at the Behest of the account holder by the bank or third party, or A non-financial transaction, or A KYC (know your

05 Jan,2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (RGIA)

RGIA in Hyderabad was ranked 2nd among the top 20 global airports with the highest On-Time Performance (OTP), according to Cirium’s annual report released recently. On-time performance (OTP) is a measure of how punctual an airline's flights are compared to their scheduled times. A flight is considered on-time if it arrives or departs within 15 minutes of its sche

05 Jan,2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

GLOBAL GOAL ON ADAPTATION AND THE ROAD FROM DUBAI

NEWS: The recent UNFCCC conference in Dubai (COP28) marked a significant shift in addressing climate change.Instead of the usual lip service to adaptation, a critical issue often neglected by the international community, COP28 finally pushed this concern into the spotlight. This suggests a potential move away from the traditional focus on mitigation (reducing emissions) towards a more balanced app

04 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Plane grounded in France over human trafficking

CONTEXT: According to local officials, when the flight landed at France’s Vatry airport on Thursday, it had 303 Indian passengers, including 11 minors. Charter plane grounded in France with 276 passengers, mostly Indians, suspected of human trafficking. Flight landed in Mumbai after four days in France; 303 passengers initially, 25 stayed for asylum, 2 held. Passengers from Punjab

04 Jan,2024 GS-3 Challenges to Internal Security Through Communication Networks

A strawberry success story from Odisha

CONTEXT: The idea to switch to strawberry farming was put forward by Chuktia Bhunjia Development Agency (CBDA), a body set up by the Odisha government in 1994-95 for the welfare of the Chuktia Bhunjia tribes. Chuktia Bhunjia farmers in Odisha's Nuapada district have successfully transitioned to strawberry farming, improving their income significantly. The switch to strawberry farming w

04 Jan,2024 GS-3 Food Processing & Related Industries in India

New Android malware can steal your password by disabling fingerprint and face unlock

CONTEXT: Dubbed 'Chameleon Trojan', the malware uses the 'Accessibility service' on Android devices to disable fingerprint and face unlock and even tracks the user's app usage habits so it can run when the device is not in use. A new version of the 'Chameleon Trojan' malware has been identified by security researchers. The malware is capable of disabling biometr

04 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

INS Imphal

CONTEXT: INS Imphal to be commissioned today. Its capabilities, and the strategic significance of Visakhapatnam class of destroyers Commissioning marks the day that a ship joins active service. INS Imphal, the third ship of the Visakhapatnam class stealth-guided missile destroyers (Project 15B), is set to be commissioned into the Indian Navy. The class is designed by the Indian Navy

04 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Nation’s first interstate multi-modal transport hub coming up near Delhi airport

CONTEXT: The proposed hub located near the GMR Aerocity will provide connectivity through an Interstate Bus Terminus, Delhi Metro, the proposed Passenger Transport Centre, and proposed Rapid Rail Transit System station. Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL) plans to develop India's first multi-modal interstate transport hub near Aerocity, focusing on integrating bus, metro, and air

04 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Project Kusha-Defence

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is working on the Project Kusha to operationally deploy its own long-range air defense system by 2028-29. Aim – To develop India’s own Long-Range Surface-to-Air Missiles (LR-SAM) Jointly developed with - Israel Aerospace Industries, Israel’s major aerospace and aviation manufacturers Ranges - Hi

04 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Ketamine

Context: Ketamine drug was reported to be involved in actor Matthew Perry’s death recently.In recent years, ketamine has been a subject of widespread debate due to its growing use for treating depression and other serious mental health issues. About ketamine: Ketamine, classified as an anaesthetic and hallucinogen by the US Drug Enforcement Administration, is derived from Phenc

03 Jan,2024 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Chipko movement

The Chipko movement was a non-violent agitation in 1973 that was aimed at protection and conservation of trees. Gandhian social activist Chandi Prasad Bhatt, founder of the cooperative organisation Dasholi Gram Swarajya Sangh, led the first Chipko movement near the village of Mandal in 1973. The movement is an uprising against the felling of trees in Uttar Pradesh’s Chamoli district

03 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Sikki or Golden Grass

Sikki artisans suffer livelihood losses amid climate change & state apathy. Family - Zizanoides grass family. Scientific name - Chrysopogon zizanioides Sikki finds mention in ancient Sanskrit texts such as the Ramayana, where it is referred to as viran, sugandhimool, ushir and nalad. Tarai Region - This grass grows indigenously in the Tarai regions of Uttar P

03 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Mayurbhanj’s Red Ant Chutney

Mayurbhanj’s red ant chutney receives GI tag. The Chutney Made with - The chutney is made with read weaver ants by the tribal people of Odisha’s Mayurbhanj district. Other name - It is also known by the name Similipal kai Chutney. Making - Red weaver ants are collected from the nests along with their eggs and cleaned. After that, the chutney is prepared by

03 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Leap Year, 2024

A leap year has 366 days in a year as opposed to the regular 365 days. The extra day is added to February, the shortest month of the year, as February 29.

03 Jan,2024 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Tanker ship off India hit by drone

Context: A Japanese-owned chemical tanker off the coast of India was targeted by a drone, allegedly fired from Iran, marking the seventh Iranian attack on commercial shipping since 2021, according to the Pentagon. News: A recent report indicates that the drone assault on a vessel near Gujarat originated from Iran. The targeted ship, MV Chem Pluto, is a chemical tanker with a Liberia flag

02 Jan,2024 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

DFRP and Nuclear Energy

Prime Minister dedicated to the nation, indigenously developed Demonstration Fast Reactor Fuel Reprocessing Plant (DFRP) at the Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu. The plant - It is a pilot for the bigger facility that would come up to reprocess the fuel that would come out of the two more 500 MW Prototype Fast Breeder Reactors (PFBR) that would come

02 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Darien Jungle Gap

It is a sparsely populated geographic region of the easternmost Isthmus of Panama that extends into northwestern Colombia, around the Gulf of Urabá.It forms the physiographic link between Central and South America. Over 100,000 minors crossed Darien gap in 2023 to reach US. Features - A hot, humid area typified by tropical rainforests, mangrove swamps, and low mountain ranges

02 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

Free Movement Regime (FMR)

The Centre has decided to start an advanced smart fencing system for the entire India-Myanmar border with the end of free movement regime. Free Movement Regime – It is a mutual pact between India and Myanmar to allow tribes dwelling along the border on either side to travel up to 16 km inside the other without a visa. India shares a 1,643 km-

02 Jan,2024 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

Bio Credits – Biodiversity credits

There is an urgent need to regulate frameworks to ensure the effective implementation of biodiversity credits. Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF) Aim - KMGBF aims to catalyze transformative action by governments, and subnational and local authorities, with the involvement of all of society, to halt and reverse biodiversity loss. Adoption - KMGBF was adopte

02 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Underutilization of Operation Greens Scheme

02 Jan,2024 GS-3 Public Distribution System Objectives, Functioning, Limitations, Revamping

MedTech Mitra

Context: The Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare and Chemicals & Fertilizers, Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, virtually inaugurated 'MedTech Mitra,' a strategic initiative aimed at empowering MedTech innovators and advancing healthcare solutions. About: The platform, MedTech Mitra, serves as a support system for young talents, guiding them in shaping their research, knowledge

01 Jan,2024 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Year End Review – Environment

MoEFCC is the nodal agency for planning, co-ordination and overseeing the implementation of India’s environmental and forestry policies and programmes. Updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) The updated NDCs seeks to enhance India’s contributions towards achievement of the strengthening of global response to the threat of climate change, as agreed und

01 Jan,2024 GS-3 Biodiversity and Environment

UAPA - Designated Terrorist

Gangster Goldy Brar, the mastermind behind the murder of Punjabi singer Sidhu Moosewala, was declared a designated terrorist by the Centre under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA). UAPA The UAPA aims to prevent unlawful activities and terrorist activities in the country. Terrorist Act - Any act committed with intent to threaten or likely to threaten the unity,

01 Jan,2024 GS-3 Linkages of Organized Crime with Terrorism

National Maritime Domain Awareness Centre (NMDAC)

India is poised to establish a National Maritime Domain Awareness Centre (NMDAC) in response to emerging threats in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). NMDAC The Indian Navy’s Information Management and Analysis Centre (IMAC) in Gurugram, is on track to upgrade into the National Maritime Domain Awareness Centre in about three years. Objective - The primary objective of the NMDA

01 Jan,2024 GS-3 Internal Security

Turtles and status

Sea Turtle These are large, air-breathing reptiles that live in tropical and subtropical seas all over the world. Their shells are made up of an upper section (carapace) and a lower section (plastron). Hard scales or scutes cover all but the leatherback, and the number and arrangement of these scutes can be used to identify the species. The upper shell, or carapace, of each sea tur

01 Jan,2024 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

THE SHAPE OF CLIMATE JUSTICE IN A WARMING INDIA

Why in the News? The recently held G-20 summit at Delhi decided upon tripling renewable energy capacity and voluntary doubling of the rate of energy efficiency improvement by 2030, as a part of the Delhi Declaration. What should be the ideals for a just energy-transition? Here are some key ideals for ensuring a just and equitable ener

20 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

AN OPPORTUNITY TO RECAST INDIA’S FOOD SYSTEM

Why in the News? The World Food Day was celebrated on October 16. India’s food system: India feeds the largest population in the world. The primary goal of a food system is to ensure nutrition security for all. To achieve the primary goal, the producers producing the food should make reasonable economic returns that are resilient over time. Such resilience is dep

20 Oct,2023 GS-3 Issues of Buffer Stocks & Food Security

SAFETY TEST FOR GAGANYAAN

Why in the News? ISRO is set to carry out the first of a series of tests of systems and procedures of Gaganyaan mission, in less than two months after the Chandrayaan-3 Moon landing. The safety test: The Flight Test Vehicle Abort Mission-1 (TV-D1): It will demonstrate the performance of the Crew Escape System of the Gaganyaan project. The flight will be the first

20 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

CENTRE ROLLS BACK PLAN ON PC IMPORT CURBS

Why in the News? The central govt. has rolled out an ‘import management system’ for IT hardware, including laptops and computers, withdrawing its earlier notification on import curbs. This comes after concerns were raised by US, China, South Korea and Taiwan at a recent World Trade Organisation (WTO) meeting. However, India introduced the curbs as a security measure, ra

20 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

PUNJAB VS DRUGS

Why in the News? Recently, Punjab Chief Minister led a large prayer gathering of schoolchildren, in which they pledged to reject the scourge of drugs citing that Punjab continues to grapple with the menace that has plagued the state for over a decade. Drug Menace in Punjab: Substance abuse is major public health problem in Punjab with One in seven (~15%) people in Punjab are

20 Oct,2023 GS-3 Linkages of Organized Crime with Terrorism

NUCLEAR BRIEF CASE

1. The Russian President Vladimir Putin’s recent visit to China was witnessed by his officers carrying the “nuclear briefcase”. The ‘nuclear briefcase’, also known as the ‘Cheget’ is named after a mountain in Russia. It forms a part of a larger system in place for authorising the launch of nuclear strikes. It’s part of a secured communicatio

20 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

DOUBLE TAXATION AVOIDANCE AGREEMENTS (DTAAS)

It is a mutually consented upon agreement between two countries on the taxability of specified incomes which both countries claim to have the right to levy tax on. Most countries have DTAAs to overcome the issue of double taxation arising due to cross border incomes. It is also aimed to promote international trade and amplify economic relations. DTAAs ensures that the same income is

20 Oct,2023 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

THE EXPLOSION OF DIGITAL UNCERTAINTY

Why in the News? The Government of India, recently released a comprehensive report on the opportunities afforded by this current wave of Artificial Intelligence (AI). What is Digital Uncertainity? Digital uncertainty involves unpredictability and ambiguities regarding the socio-economic impacts of rapidly evolving digital technologies such as AI, social media, cryptocurrencies, and

19 Oct,2023 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

MARSQUAKE-MARS MISSIONS

Why in the News? Just like on Earth, the surface of Mars sometimes vigorously shakes and unsurprisingly, that is called a marsquake and the largest ever such marsquake was recorded in history happened in 2022. Reason behind the Marsquake: The quake had a magnitude of 4.7 and had seismic signal similar to previous quakes that were caused by meteoroid impacts. However, the po

19 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

LEFT-WING EXTREMISM IS AGAINST INDIA’S DEVELOPMENT

Why in the News? The Union Home Minister said that Left-wing extremists and their ideology are “against the country’s development and bright future” during a Tribal Youth Exchange Programme. Tribal Youth Exchange Programme: It is run through Nehru Yuva Kendras of the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports. The programme targets tribal youth from LWE-affe

19 Oct,2023 GS-3 Linkages Between Development & Spread of Extremism

DROUGHT IN THE AMAZON

Why in the News? The Amazon rainforest has been witnessing intense drought with numerous rivers vital for travel having dried up which has deprived Indigenous communities living in the area of water, food, or medicine in villages. News in Detail: The Rio Negro, one of the world’s largest rivers by discharge levels, has fallen to a record low level of 13.59 metres in Brazil.

19 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

MINIMUM SUPPORT PRICE (MSP)

MSP is the minimum price set by the government for certain agricultural products, at which the products would directly be bought from the farmers if the open market prices are less than the cost incurred. It fosters to insure the farmers against a steep decline in the prices of their goods and to help them prevent losses. MSP is set by the government of India twice a year for 24 commodi

19 Oct,2023 GS-3 Issues Related to Direct & Indirect Farm Subsidies & Minimum Support Prices

WHEN TIGERS AND JACKALS GET THE SAME PROTECTION-Wildlife protection act

Why in the News? The number of species included in the new schedules of the Wildlife Protection (Amendment) Act, 2022 has been increased, recently. Schedule 1 confers the highest protection and contains about 600 species of vertebrates and hundreds of invertebrates. Schedule 2 contains about 2,000 species (with 1,134 species of birds alone) The Wildlife Protection (Amendment) Act,

18 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

SYNERGISTIC BARRIERS AFFECTING THE PROGRESS ON SDGS

Why in the News? At the SDG Summit in New York, which was held on September 18 and 19, the world leaders reaffirmed their shared commitment to eradicate poverty and end hunger. It was observed that only 15% of the 169 SDG targets that make up the 17 goals can be met by the world. The investment gap in SDGs in developing countries stands greater than $4 trillion, out of which nearly

18 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Kanha National Park

It is also known as Kanha–Kisli National Park. It is one of the tiger reserves of India and the largest national park of the state of Madhya Pradesh and in Central India. The park hosts fauna such as Bengal tiger, Indian leopard, sloth bear, barasingha (adapted to swampy areas) and dhole. The reserve has lowland forest of a

18 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

GAGANYAAN MISSION

The mission involves sending astronauts into a low-earth orbit in 2025, using Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM-3). The rocket LVM-3, which will take the crew to orbit. The rocket will have ‘human rating’ of the vehicle. An environmental control and life support system ‘ECLSS’ has been developed as a part of the system which is basically for controlling the temperat

18 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

CLOSING GENDER PAY GAP IN THE WORKFORCE

Professor Goldin’s work: Goldin demonstrated how and why gender differences in earnings and employment rates have changed over time, by analysing 200 years of the United States’ archives. Significant observations from her work: Female participation in the labour market exhibited a U-shaped curve rather than an upward trend over the entire period. The economic growth oc

17 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

DHANAURI WETLAND

The Dhanauri Wetlands is a birdwatching area located in Dhanauri village near Dankaur in Uttar Pradesh, India. The Dhanauri Wetlands is home to over 120 Sarus cranes Sarus Cranes is the state bird of Uttar Pradesh. IUCN status - Vulnerable CITES -Appendix ll Omnivorous, eating insects (especially grasshoppers), aquatic plants, fish (perhaps only in captivity), frogs, crus

17 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Estivation

`` Estivation is when animals are dormant because weather conditions are very hot and dry. Their breathing rate, heart rate and metabolic rate decrease to conserve energy under these harsh conditions. Humans estivate during the winter months as well as some of these animals. A few animals on this list include water-holding frog the desert tortoise

17 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

KAZIRANGA SANCTUARY

KAZIRANGA SANCTUARY Kaziranga National Park is a national park of the state of Assam, India. The park, hosts two-thirds of the world's Indian rhinoceroses It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site It is recognized as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International for conservation of avifaunal species. The park area

17 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

ISRAEL’S MISSILE DEFENCE SHIELD- IRON DOME

ISRAEL’S MISSILE DEFENCE SHIELD- IRON DOME Why in the News? Around 2,200 rockets were fired towards southern and central Israel through a multi-pronged attack by Gaza-based militant group Hamas from land, sea and air, which was shot down by ‘Iron Dome’ defensive shield of Israel. Israel’s Iron Dome air defence system: Iron Dome is a short-range anti-rocket, a

16 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Green Credit

Green Credit It is a special programme that allows an individual or entity to earn Green Credit and trade it on a dedicated exchange. Green Credit refers to a unit of an incentive provided for specified activities that deliver a positive impact on the environment. It is launched at the national level to leverage a competitive market-based approach for incentiv

16 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

HEPATITIS C

HEPATITIS C Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) that primarily affects the liver, a type of viral hepatitis. HCV is spread primarily by Blood-to-blood contact associated with injection drug use Poorly sterilized medical equipment Needlestick injuries in healthcare Tran

16 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

The Feminisation of Economic Enquiry - Economics Nobel

Why in News? Professor Claudia Goldin became the 3rd woman to be awarded the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences which is commonly referred to as the Nobel Prize for Economics. Highlights of her work: Goldin demonstrated how and why gender differences in earnings and employment rates have changed over time, by analysing 200 years of the United States’ archives.

14 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Criticism of Global Hunger Index Methodology

Why in the News? The Global Hunger Index (GHI) 2023 ranked India 111 among 125 nations, a fall of four places from last year has received a push-back by the Indian government. India scored poorer than several of its neighboring countries on the index, including Pakistan (102nd), Bangladesh (81st), Nepal (69th), and Sri Lanka (60th). Global Hunger Index (GHI): Th

14 Oct,2023 GS-3 Economic Index

PPP in Semiconductor manufacturing

Why in the News? Six working groups’ report on framing Indian government’s artificial intelligence (AI) roadmap have recommendations for public-private partnerships to make semiconductors for AI applications. PPP in Semiconductor manufacturing: The PPP model would be leveraged to build so-called “GPU clusters”. Such GPU clusters shall act as masses o

14 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

ImmunoACT

Why in News? IIT Bombay-incubated Immunoadoptive Cell Therapy (ImmunoACT) has received Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation’s (CDSCO) marketing authorisation approval. ImmunoACT shall be the ‘first’ humanised CD19-targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cell (CAR-T cell) therapy product for relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphomas and leukaemia (blood cancer) in India.

14 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Large ozone hole detected over Antarctica

Why in the News? Recent satellite measurements by European Space Agency Copernicus Sentinel-5P satellite as part of the EU’s environmental monitoring program over Antarctica have detected a giant hole in the ozone layer. The hole i.e., the “ozone-depleted area” was 26 million square kilometers (10 million square miles) in size, roughly three times the size of Brazil.

13 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Unemployment in India

Unemployment in India Why in the News? The Prime Minister has said unemployment rate in the country is at its lowest level in the last six years and India's expanding economy is creating new possibilities for the youth. Unemployment is decreasing rapidly in both rural and urban areas of India. The benefits of development are reaching both villages and

13 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Accidents in Indian Railways

Accidents in Indian Railways Why in the News? 23 coaches of the Assam-bound North East Superfast Express derailed in Buxar district of Bihar recently, which has been caused due to cracks in the railway track as per primary investigation. Accidents in Indian Railways: Indian Railways (IR) has classified accidents, as an occurrence in the course of wo

13 Oct,2023 GS-3 Disaster Management

Developing Border Infrastructure

Developing Border Infrastructure Why in the News? Prime Minister of India has inaugurated and laid the foundation for multiple development projects in Uttarakhand worth around Rs 4,200 crore, which included those related to border roads. Infrastructure in the border areas: The development of infrastructure in the border areas include construction of,

13 Oct,2023 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

Global hunger Index

Global hunger Index India has been ranked 111th out of 125 countries in the Global Hunger Index 2023. The index is published on an annual basis by Concern Worldwide and Welthungerhilfe. India has a score of 28.7, indicating a serious level of hunger, ranking after neighbouring countries of Pakistan (102nd), Bangladesh (81st), Nepal (69th) and Sri Lan

13 Oct,2023 GS-3 Economic Index

P20 Summit

P20 Summit The 9th G20 Parliamentary Speakers' Summit (P20) will be inaugurated by India and will be hosted by the Parliament of India under the broader framework of India's G20 presidency. It will have 4 main sessions: Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Showcasing Achievements, Accelerating Progress Sustainable Energy Transit

13 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Role of structural inequalities in the incidence of hypertension

Why in the News? September 29 was observed as the World Heart Day to raise awareness about prevention, detection and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and promote heart-healthy lifestyles. Prevalence of Hypertension in India: National Family Health Survey-5 (2019–2021) revealed that 18.3% of the country’s population ha

12 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

New royalty rates for strategic minerals

New royalty rates for strategic minerals Why in the News? The centre has recently approved royalty rates of 3% each for lithium and niobium and 1% for Rare Earth Elements (REEs). What does the new royalty rates imply? The Second Schedule of the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 (MMDR Act) was amended to specify the rate of royalty

12 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

INDIA NEEDS TO GO NUCLEAR

INDIA NEEDS TO GO NUCLEAR India’s growing energy needs: India has been registering rapid economic growth and is expected to surpass Germany and Japan to become the third largest economy by the end of this decade. The economic growth triggers demand for energy, which is reflected in India’s primary energy consumption being the third-highest globally, and most of which is base

12 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

THE COST OF CHEAP DRUGS

THE COST OF CHEAP DRUGS Why in the News? Lack of information about effects of unbranded generic medicines hampers patients’ freedom of choice. Generic Medicines: As per FDA, “A generic drug is a medication created to be the same as an already marketed brand-name drug in dosage form, safety, strength, route of administration, quality, performan

12 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

GI tag for Goan Cashew

GI tag for Goan Cashew Goan cashew, derived from the Portuguese name ‘caju’ or ‘kaju’ in Konkani. Cashew, native to northeast Brazil in Latin America was introduced to Goa by the Portuguese in the 16th century (1570). Significance of providing GI tag for Goan Cashew: Traders and processors have to comply with the norms of quality,

12 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Need for an evidence-based traditional medicine

Need for an evidence-based traditional medicine Why in the News? A plea has been filed by a manufacturer of indigenous drugs against a medical practitioner alleging that his social media thread affected their business. Modern medicine It became science-based in the 19th century, where advances in technology was utilised to study the functioning of the hum

11 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

The impact of Claudia Goldin’s work-Nobel Prize in Economics

The impact of Claudia Goldin’s work-Nobel Prize in Economics Why in the News? The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences for 2023 by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences was awarded to Harvard University Professor Claudia Goldin. She was awarded for “having advanced our understanding of women’s labour market outcomes”. Her work “first compreh

11 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary

Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary The sanctuary lies in the Indo-Chinese transition zone and so has highly endemic and significant flora and fauna species. The sanctuary has been named after the Dibang River, a tributary of Brahmaputra River. It lies adjacent to the Mouling National Park. Has been declared as one of the major bio-diversity hotspots of the

11 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Kamlang Tiger Reserve (TR)

Kamlang Tiger Reserve (TR) The Kamlang TR is present in Lohit district of Arunachal Pradesh and is contiguous to the Namdhapa Tiger Reserve. It is home to all four big cats - tiger, leopard, clouded leopard and snow leopard. It also has several species of hornbills such as Rufous-necked hornbills and Wreathed hornbills that visits in the winters.

11 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Tele Manas Seva

Tele Manas Seva Tele Mental Health Assistance and Networking Across States (Tele MANAS) was introduced in the Union Budget 2022. The Tele MANAS entrusted the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) to guide its overall implementation. Ranking from first to third, in the larger States category, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Uttar Pradesh were aw

11 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

PHONOTAXIS

PHONOTAXIS Phonotaxis is defined as the movement by an animal in response to a sound. It has usually observed among crickets, moths, frogs, and toads, among a few other creatures. Two types of phonotaxis include: Positive phonotaxis Its purpose is attraction It happens when the females of a particular species are attracted to the sounds mad

09 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

THE DHOLE OR ASIATIC WILD DOG

THE DHOLE OR ASIATIC WILD DOG It is the only endangered wild pack-living canid in the tropical Indian forests It is considered at high risk of extinction with endangered category on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List The diurnal activity of the dholes had the highest temporal overlap with leopards and the lowest with clou

09 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Significance of quantum dots in nanotechnology

Significance of quantum dots in nanotechnology Why in the News? The Nobel Prize for chemistry 2023 was awarded to Alexei I. Ekimov, Louis E. Brus, and Moungi G. Bawendi “for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots”. What is a quantum dot? It is a small assembly of atoms around a few nanometres wide. The small assembly of atoms gives

08 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

mRNA research that was used to fight COVID

mRNA research that was used to fight COVID Why in the News? The Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, 2023 was awarded to Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman for their “discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that enabled the development of mRNA vaccine technology. What are mRNA vaccines? mRNA (messenger RNA) is a form of nucleic acid which carries genetic i

08 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

New tools to fathom the world of electrons

New tools to fathom the world of electrons Why in the News? Recently Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz and Anne L’Huillier have been awarded Nobel Prize in physics, 2023 for their contribution to making it possible to watch electrons move using experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light. What is an attosecond? An attosecond is

08 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

LIDAR

LIDAR LIDAR stands for “light detection and ranging” or “laser imaging, detection, and ranging”. It is a method for determining ranges by targeting a surface with a laser and measuring the time for the reflected light to return to the receiver (time of flight). LIDAR scanning or 3D laser scanning involves s

08 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Radiocarbon dating

Radiocarbon dating Radiocarbon dating (carbon dating or carbon-14 dating) is a method for determining the age of an object containing organic material by using the properties of radiocarbon, a radioactive isotope of carbon. Radiocarbon (14C) is constantly created in the Earth’s atmospher

08 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

OTOP1 protein

OTOP1 protein Japanese scientist Kikunae Ikeda first proposed umami as a basic taste in addition to sweet, sour, salty and bitter which was officially agreed the scientific community after 80 years. Now, it has been found that the tongue responds to ammonium chloride (salmiak salt), which has been recognised as a 6th basic sense. The tongue responds

08 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

R21 Malaria vaccine

R21 Malaria vaccine The R21/Matrix-M™ malaria vaccine developed by the University of Oxford and the Serum Institute of India has been recommended for use by the World Health Organization (WHO). The vaccine was developed by leveraging Novavax’s adjuvant technology. The vaccine has met the requirements of safety, quality and effectiveness standards.

08 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Left-Wing Extremism in India

Left-Wing Extremism in India Why in the News? The Home Minister has said that Left Wing Extremism (LWE) will be totally eliminated from the country in two years, in a meeting to review the security situation in LWE-affected States. Incidence of LWE in India: The lowest number of incidents of violence and deaths in Naxal-hit areas in last four decades was recorded in 2022. The viol

07 Oct,2023 GS-3 Role of External State & Non-State Actors in Creating Challenges to Internal Security

RBI’s Monetary Policy

RBI’s Monetary Policy Why in the News? The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) maintained the status quo on interest rates during its review meeting in October. The RBI prefers higher rates for longer periods for both domestic and external reasons: External factors include: Higher US inflation rates (they

07 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Global amphibian assessment

Global amphibian assessment The assessment is coordinated by the Amphibian Red List Authority, a branch of the Amphibian Specialist Group of the IUCN’s Species Survival Commission. The assessment has revealed that, 2 out of every 5 amphibians are threatened with extinction. Between 2004 and 2022, a few critical threats have pushed more than

07 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

India Steel

India Steel Indian steel companies plan to raise prices of various grades of the alloy due to rising import costs of coking coal. Australia accounts for over 50% of its coking coal imports of around 55-60 million metric tonne a year. India also meets its coking coal requirements by importing from Russia and the United States. India su

07 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Open Market Operations (OMO)

Open Market Operations (OMO) It refers to the purchase and sale of securities (treasury bills and government securities) in open market by the central bank of any country. This is done to regulate money supply in the economy. OMO is one of the most important ways of monetary control that is exercised by the central banks. The central bank sells securit

07 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Counting Rural women’s labor

Why in the News? India has one of the lowest female labour force participation rates (LFPR) in the world which is disheartening as the International Day of Rural Women is approaching. The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) data: It indicates that LFPR (women in the working age group of 15-59 years) is only 35.6% in India. The LFPR of India is lower than other South Asi

06 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

India’s Banking sector

Transformative reforms undertaken: Consolidation in the public sector banking space Emergence of private banks Specialised non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) Emerging fintech ecosystem have increased the diversity quotient of the financial sector and made it inclusive. The legacy issues of non-performing assets (NPAs) have been left behind by banks. Interna

06 Oct,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Internet Shutdowns in Manipur

Internet Shutdowns in Manipur Why in the News? Recently, full internet access was restored in Manipur attributing it to the “improved” law and order in the state. The announcement comes after 143 days (since May 3) registering India’s second-longest internet blackout (after 552-day shutdown in Jammu and Kashmir). The pattern of Internet ban: &nb

06 Oct,2023 GS-3 Linkages Between Development & Spread of Extremism

India- the Diabetic capital of the world

India- the Diabetic capital of the world Why in the News? A recent study conducted by the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research and the Union Health Ministry has revealed that 11.4% of India’s population or 10.13 crore people are living with diabetes. 15.3% of the population or an additional 13

06 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

India’s Anti-terrorism Structure

India’s Anti-terrorism Structure Why in the News? The Union Home Minister suggested at the Anti-Terror Conference that along with a ruthless approach, an uniform anti-terrorism structure should be established under the purview of National Investigation Agency (NIA) in all the States. Definition of Terrorism: The new criminal law bill (Bharatiya Nyaya S

06 Oct,2023 GS-3 Linkages of Organized Crime with Terrorism

Elder Mental healthcare

Elder Mental healthcare Why in the News? The World Elders Day (1st) and Mental Health Day (10th) has been observed in the month of October, which is significant given the increasingly greying population of India. Increasing old-age population: In the history of humanity, there ar

06 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI)

Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) IRDAI cuts minimum capital requirement for foreign reinsurance branches from Rs 100 crore to Rs 50 crores with the provision to repatriate any excess assigned capital. The move is intended to Increase the overall capacity of the reinsurance sector to accommodate growing demand and manage larger risks. broader goa

06 Oct,2023 GS-3 Investment Models

An Accounting System for Carbon

An Accounting System for Carbon Climate ‘polycrisis’: It was a term made popular by Adam Tooze. It refers to the interconnected and compounding crises related to climate change that are affecting the planet not only in few sectors but across several sectors and domains. It encompasses all dimensions of impacts of climate change such as physical, social, e

05 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Chemistry Nobel Prize 2023

Chemistry Nobel Prize 2023 Why in the News? The 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded to Moungi G. Bawendi, Louis E. Brus and Alexei I. Ekimov “for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots” and have been lauded as pioneers in the exploration of the nanoworld. Work of the Awardees: In 1980s, Louis Brus and Alexei Ekimov succeeded in

05 Oct,2023 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967

Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 Why in the News? A news portal NewsClick founder and editor-in-chief have been arrested under UAPA due to alleged connections to illegal funding from India. Unlawful Activities Prevention Act, 1967: Prior to UAPA amendment 2004, terrorist activities were dealt by the now repealed Terrorist

05 Oct,2023 GS-3 Linkages of Organized Crime with Terrorism

National Action Plan for Green Shipping

National Action Plan for Green Shipping Why in the News? At the INMEX SMM India 2023 maritime industry exhibition, the potential benefits of National Action Plan for Green Shipping were projected by the Director General of Shipping Shyam Jagannathan. The initiative shall help in promoting eco-friendly practices and incentives for low-emission ships. It shall also help position I

05 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF)

Glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) Why in the News? Incessant rains have caused flash floods in north Sikkim after the South Lhonak Lake burst, which has killed 14 people so far and 102, including at least 23 Army personnel, are missing. The South Lhonak Lake outburst: It is a glacial lake situated in the state’s northwest

05 Oct,2023 GS-3 Disaster Management

BlueWalker 3 satellite

BlueWalker 3 satellite It is a prototype satellite, part of a satellite constellation planned by its owner AST SpaceMobile. The satellite is intended to deliver mobile or broadband services anywhere in the world. BlueWalker 3 was observed as one of the brightest objects in the night sky, outshining all but the brightest stars. However, concerns are raised ar

05 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

National Turmeric Board

National Turmeric Board Aims to provide leadership in all matters related to turmeric, coordinate with relevant government agencies, particularly the Spices Board, and spearhead efforts to advance the turmeric sector within the country. The key objective of the board is to raise awareness and consumption of turmeric domestically and internationally.

05 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

National Investment Infrastructure Fund (NIIF)

National Investment Infrastructure Fund (NIIF) The NIIF was launched in 2015 as India’s first state-backed fund. JBIC will contribute 51 per cent of that figure and the rest will be contributed by India. for enhancing infrastructure financing by investing in greenfield (new), brownfield (existing) and stalled projects. The fund was set up as Category II

05 Oct,2023 GS-3 Investment Models

The trouble with a Nobel for mRNA COVID vaccines

The trouble with a Nobel for mRNA COVID vaccines Why in the News? The Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, 2023 was given to Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman for developing the mRNA vaccine technology. The mRNA technology developed by the awardees: messenger RNA (mRNA) is a template used for protein production when genetic information encoded in DNA is tr

04 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Nobel Prize for Physics 2023

Nobel Prize for Physics 2023 Why in the News? Recently Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz and Anne L’Huillier have been awarded Nobel Prize in physics, 2023 for their contribution to making it possible to watch electrons move. Significance of their work: Atoms or molecules make movements, or changes took place generally in picoseconds (10^-12) or femtosecond

04 Oct,2023 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Purchasing Manager’s Index

Purchasing Manager’s Index It is an index that reflects the prevailing direction of economic trends in the manufacturing and service sectors. It has a diffusion index that summarizes whether market conditions are expanding, staying the same, or contracting as viewed by purchasing managers. It is a monthly survey released by the Institute for Supply Manag

04 Oct,2023 GS-3 Economic Index

The FDI of India has been falling

The FDI of India has been falling Why in the News? Though the figures of GDP growth and geopolitical scenario indicate the economic rise of India, its FDI has been falling. India’s falling Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): India’s growth prospects: The Indian economy grew at 7.8% in the first quarter of the ongoing financial year and is

03 Oct,2023 GS-3 Investment Models

A plan for the Winter Crop

A plan for the Winter Crop Why in the News? The Rabi conference was recently held by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (MoA&FW), to discuss about the problems and prospects of rabi crops in the upcoming winter season. India’s food production: The Indian monsoon (June to September) recorded a 5.6% deficit rainfall compared to the lo

03 Oct,2023 GS-3 Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country

Cholera cases

Cholera cases Cholera is a water-borne disease affecting the small intestine of a person, which can be diagnosed by a stool test or a rapid dipstick test. It is caused by two strains of the bacteria Vibrio cholerae called O1 and O139. While O1 is responsible for almost all outbreaks, outbreaks of O139 have been rare and none recorded outside Asia so far.&

03 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Lagrange Points

Lagrange Points They are points in space between celestial bodies where a spacecraft stays more or less stationary. Lagrange points are found along the plane of two objects in orbit around their common centre of gravity, where their gravitational forces cancel each other, so that a third body of negligible mass w

03 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

R21 Malaria vaccine

03 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Household savings

Household savings Why in the News? The RBI Monthly Bulletin in September has revealed that households’ net financial savings had fallen to 5.1% from 11.5% in 2020-21. Financial liabilities of households rose faster than their assets which might be an indication of rising indebtedness and increasing distress. Government’s claim: The househo

02 Oct,2023 GS-3 Investment Models

How government agencies use commercial spyware to target opponents

How government agencies use commercial spyware to target opponents Why in the News? Recently, former Egyptian MP Ahmed Eltantawy was targeted with Cytrox’s Predator spyware sent via links on SMS and WhatsApp. This attack came after Mr. Eltantawy stated plans publicly to run for President in the 2024 Egyptian elections. This is concerning as Egypt is a known cu

02 Oct,2023 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Faulty policies on invasive exotics

Faulty policies on invasive exotics Why in the News? The invasive Conocarpus species of trees have been banned by Gujarat recently due to concerns over its management. This comes after the invasive species was banned by Telangana last year. There is a possibility of several other states following the suit. This can discourage horticulturists and nurseries from mul

02 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Bacteria Wolbachia

Bacteria Wolbachia It is a genus of intracellular bacteria that infects mainly arthropod species, including a high proportion of insects, and also some nematodes. It is the most common parasitic microbes, and is possibly the most common reproductive parasite, with as many as 25 to 70% of all insect species are

02 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

NASA’s asteroid-hunting spacecraft OSIRIS-Rex

NASA’s asteroid-hunting spacecraft OSIRIS-Rex Why in the News? Recently, NASA’s asteroid-hunting spacecraft OSIRIS-REx (Origins-Spectral Interpretation-Resource Identification-Security-Regolith Explorer) collected samples from asteroid 101955 Bennu and landed in the Utah desert. What was OSIRIS-REx’s mission? The OSIRIS-REx spacecr

01 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Tuberculosis (TB)

Tuberculosis (TB) Why in the News? Recent studies have indicated that nutritional deficiency has led to an increase in TB cases in India, which has been compounded by drug shortages recently. Shortage of Rifampicin, a medicine used for treating drug sensitive TB was not available in many parts of India

01 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

TrueNat Test

TrueNat Test TrueNat is a is a chip-based, battery-operated RT-PCR kit for point-of-care and rapid molecular test for diagnosis of infectious diseases. RT-PCR (Reverse Transcriptase- Polymerase Chain Reaction) employs reverse transcription process that converts RNA into DNA molecule before the gene can be captured in the test. It was used as a screening test during COVI

01 Oct,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Jellyfish

Jellyfish Jellyfish are mainly free-swimming marine animals with umbrella-shaped bells and trailing tentacles, while some tend to be immobile anchored to the seabed by stalks. The tentacles are armed with stinging cells and used to capture prey and defend against predators. They are found all over the world, from surface waters to the deep sea, from marine to freshwater, b

01 Oct,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Global dispute settlement, India and appellate review

Global dispute settlement, India and appellate review Why in the News? The New Delhi Leaders Declaration at G20 reiterated the need to pursue reform of the WTO “to ensure a fully and well-functioning dispute settlement system accessible to all members by 2024”. Issues with World Trade Organization (WTO): The dispute settlement system, a two-ti

30 Sep,2023 GS-3 Effects of Liberalization on the Economy

The threat from Illicit trade in India

The threat from Illicit trade in India Why in the News? Around 3.5 tonnes of gold, 18 crore cigarette sticks, 140 metric tonnes of red sanders and 90 tonnes of heroin were seized along with other drugs during the last financial year. Highlights of a report released by FICCI CASCADE: In the organised crime segment, India has a lower score of 4.3 against 5.2 for an average of 122 coun

30 Sep,2023 GS-3 Linkages of Organized Crime with Terrorism

India’s Semiconductor Industry

India’s Semiconductor Industry Why in the News? India has geared up to set up its first ever semiconductor fabrication unit and is poised for a vibrant chip industry in the next 3-4 years with an aim to grow the manufacturing ecosystem in India. India’s Manufacturing ecosystem: Presently, 99% of mobile phones for domestic use are made in

30 Sep,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

India’s kidney transplant deficit

India’s kidney transplant deficit Why in the News? India’s organ shortage has increased alarmingly, for which government’s recent reforms (February 2023) allow more flexibility in age and domicile requirements while registering to obtain an organ. Kidney transplantation in India: There is a high prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in India, affecting about 1

29 Sep,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

The digital world of cookies

The digital world of cookies What are cookies? These are bits of code, stored on a device when one visits websites online. Cookies help in personalisation and user convenience and therefore, play a pivotal role in shaping any online experience. How do cookies work? Cookies remember a user’s login information on websites, which prevents the ne

29 Sep,2023 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

M.S. Swaminathan: Man of Science & Humanity

M.S. Swaminathan: Man of Science & Humanity Why in the News? The Father of Green Revolution of India, Dr.M.S. Swaminathan passed away recently. Green Revolution (GR) in India: M S Swaminathan worked closely with Norman Borlaug to usher in the Green Revolution in India in the mid-1960s. India’s food insecurity in the 1960s: I

29 Sep,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Mahendragiri stealth frigate

Mahendragiri stealth frigate It is the 7th stealth frigate under the Indian Navy's Project named after Mahendragiri mountain peak of the Eastern ghats, located in Odisha. It is also the last Nilgiri-Class stealth frigate for Indian navy. It was built by Mazagaon dock shipbuilders Ltd. as a part of achieving the goal of AtmaNirbhar Bharat and

29 Sep,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Kakrapar Atomic Power project (KAPP3)

Kakrapar Atomic Power project (KAPP3) It is the largest indigenously developed 700-megawatt electric (MWe) nuclear power reactor unit in Gujarat attained it first criticality in 2020, has started operations in 2023. First criticality signifies the initiation of a controlled, but sustained nuclear fission reaction in the nuclear power plant. It is a variant of

29 Sep,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Monoclonal Antibodies

Monoclonal Antibodies Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-made proteins that mimic the behaviour of antibodies produced by the immune system to protect against diseases and foreign substances It attaches itself to an antigen such as Glycoproteins (a foreign substance, usually a disease-causing molecule) and helps the immune system eliminate it from the body.

29 Sep,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Leveraging air power is critical to India’s big power ambitions

The Indian air force has been looked upon as a mere support service, adjunct to the service-specific operational strategies of the continental and maritime domains, thus portraying India as a surface-centric security force. Key advantages offered by Air force: Creating a unique hard power deterrence over the South China Sea. Ensuring maritime and ae

29 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Aditya L1 Mission

Why in the News? The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is set to launch its spacecraft Aditya-L1 to study the Sun, on September 2,2023. What is the Aditya-L1 mission? The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) will carry the 1,475-kg spacecraft to an elliptical orbit around the Earth. The spacecraft will travel 1.5 million km from the Earth to the

29 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

MSP Hike and related concerns

Why in the News? Central Govt. ministries and departments recently casted apprehensions to the Union Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare’s proposal to hike the minimum support price (MSP) for kharif crops in the 2023-24 season. MSP hike: The cabinet approved the increase in MSP ranging from 6% to 10% as per the recommendations of the Commission for Agricu

29 Aug,2023 GS-3 Public Distribution System Objectives, Functioning, Limitations, Revamping

News media versus Open AI’s ChatGPT

Why in the News? Recently, a group of news media organisations, including The New York Times, Reuters and CNN blocked the OpenAI’s ability to access their content. This comes on the background that The New York Times is planning on suing the artificial intelligence (AI) research company over copyright violations. What is OpenAI? OpenAI

29 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Short Selling

Short Selling The Enforcement Directorate’s preliminary investigation has concluded that the “top beneficiaries” of short selling in shares of Adani Group companies, post release of the Hindenburg Research report and the subsequent market crash, are based in tax havens. Short sellers are investors who believe and bet that sh

29 Aug,2023 GS-3 Investment Models

Shiv Shakti, Tiranga, Jawahar Sthal

Shiv Shakti, Tiranga, Jawahar Sthal The touch down sites of spacecrafts send to the lunar surface has been named recently. After Chandrayaan-1 mission of 2008, the site where the probe crashed (as it was meant to for the purposes of the mission), was named “Jawahar Sthal” after the first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru. Chandrayaan-3 lan

29 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Echolocation

Echolocation A technique in which animals or devices emits sound waves, and listens for their reflections by objects in their surroundings. The sound waves emitted will be in the nature of high-frequency sound pulses, often beyond the range of human hearing. Bats due to their poor eyesight uses this ability to hunt and navigate in the dark, while do

28 Aug,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

After Chandrayaan-3, what are ISRO’s plans?

After Chandrayaan-3, what are ISRO’s plans? Why in the News? India became the 4th country to have soft-landed a robotic instrument on the moon and the 1st to land in the moon’s south polar region, by the touch down of Chandrayaan-3 on Aug 23, 2023. What are ISRO’s focus areas? Focus areas of ISRO: Gaganyaan

27 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

How wastewater can help tackle water shortages

How wastewater can help tackle water shortages Why in the News? Water shortages are causing tensions in Europe as it is experiencing severe heat and drought due to lack of rainfall in 2023. In Spain, water reserves have dropped to 41% leading to severe crop losses and water restrictions in place in some regions. Human-induced climate change has led to in

27 Aug,2023 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Omega Fatty acids

Omega Fatty acids Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) or called as “essential” fatty acids are Omega-3 and Omega-6. They play in controlling two key body processes: Blood clotting Inflammation. It prepares the body to fight back infection and injury but for prolonged periods can also cause severe damage and chronic illnesses. Both have to be in right ratio to

27 Aug,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Picoflare jets

Picoflare jets Picoflare jets are small jets of charged particles that are expelled intermittently from the corona of the Sun, at supersonic speeds. They could emanate from coronal holes where the sun’s magnetic field stretches into the space. The picoflare jets could supply energy and plasma to the solar wind (a c

27 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Cleantech, for an inclusive green future in India

Cleantech, for an inclusive green future in India Green economy paradigm: It involves adoption of climate action that aligns with the development aspirations of the population and contributes to overall economic growth. It provides an optimistic pathway to align development and environmental outcomes Building a solar park or an e-vehicle charging station shall expand infrastructur

26 Aug,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

The State of India’s Birds-2023 report

The State of India’s Birds-2023 report The State of India’s Birds report: The report is an assessment of the distribution range, trends in abundance and conservation status of 942 of India’s 1,200 bird species Carried out by 13 partner organisations, including the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) and Zoological Survey of India (ZSI). It h

26 Aug,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

India’s hidden adversary, Lead poisoning

India’s hidden adversary, Lead poisoning Lead poisoning: More than half of the children in India (close to 20 crore) have lead levels in their blood >5 micrograms per decilitre (µg/dL) as per 2021 study. WHO: Any level >5 µg/dL is “a trigger for a thorough review of the ways in which a person is being exposed to lead and

26 Aug,2023 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

The House Crow

The House Crow The house crow (Corvus splendens), also known as the Indian, greynecked, Ceylon or Colombo crow, is a common bird of the crow family that is of Asian origin. Its size ranges in size of 40 cm (16 in) in length. It has a widespread distribution in southern Asia, being native to

26 Aug,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Infrastructure investments and the slowing job creation

Infrastructure investments and the slowing job creation Unemployment in India: India is the fastest-growing large economy in the world, but the unemployment rate has also increased. More than 50% of India’s population is <25 years and more than 65% is >35 years of age. The unemployment rate of India stands at 8% as per the data of Centre for Mon

25 Aug,2023 GS-3 Infrastructure

ICMR study on long COVID

ICMR study on long COVID Why in the News? A recent study was conducted by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) on the post Covid-19 conditions and its report has been recently published. The WHO estimates that 10 to 20 per cent of Covid patients develop prolonged symptoms. Key findings of the Study: Nearly 6.5% people hospitalised

25 Aug,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Sodium-ion battery packs

Sodium-ion battery packs Na-ion cells offers an efficient alternative to lithium-ion phosphate (LFP) as the latter has disadvantage over lithium and other battery raw material prices. The three main Na-ion cathode type that uses low-cost materials than Li-ion cathodes. Prussian white layered oxide polyanion Therefore, Na-ion is expected to b

25 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Honey Bees

Honey Bees The Muğla region in Bayram mountains of Turkey which produces almost all of the world's pine honey from Mugla Bees, ravaged by 2021 wildfires is yet to recover to pre-wildfire production levels. Honey bees are all native to mainland Afro-Eurasia. The western honey bee, (Apis mellifera) has been domesticated for honey production and cr

25 Aug,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Implementing a car safety programme

Implementing a car safety programme Why in the News? The Bharat New Car Assessment Programme (NCAP) was rolled out by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways to create a rating system indicating the safety of cars in a collision and is planned to come into effect from October 1, 2023. What is Bharat NCAP? An indigenous star-rating system for crash tes

24 Aug,2023 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

One Health can help India respond better to health crises

How One Health can help India respond better to health crises Why in the News? India has been taking significant strides for the adoption of a ‘National One Health Mission’ to be led by the Office of the Principal Scientific Advisor. The concept of ‘One Health Strategy’: It is a holistic approach recognises the problems among the inte

24 Aug,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Chandrayaan-3’s landing, the experiments: lunar quakes and water-ice on Moon

After Chandrayaan-3’s landing, the experiments: lunar quakes and water ice on Moon Why in the News? India has successfully made the Chandrayaan-3 landing on the lunar surface, becoming the first country to land on lunar south pole and 4th country to land on moon (after the US, Soviet Russia and China). The Mission Experiments: Four experiments to be conducted

24 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

ASTRA Missile

ASTRA Missile LIGHT COMBAT Aircraft (LCA) Tejas has successfully fired the ASTRA indigenous Beyond Visual Range (BVR) air-to-air missile. ASTRA is a state-of-the-art BVR air-to-air missile. It is developed to engage and destroy highly manoeuvring supersonic aerial targets. It has been designed and developed by Defence Research and Development Laboratory (DRD

24 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Sugar industry in ethanol sourcing

Sugar industry in ethanol sourcing The Niti Aayog envisages requirement of 1,400 crore litres of ethanol to achieve 20% blending by 2025-2026. Nearly 550 crore litres of ethanol have been produced and 450 crore litres of it came from the sugar industry and the remaining from maize and damaged grain, in 2022. Molasses, a byproduct of sugar processing, are currently being used for bi

24 Aug,2023 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation)

DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation) A Research & Development wing of the Ministry of Defence, Govt of India. It aims to empower India with cutting-edge defence technologies to achieve self-reliance in critical defence technologies and systems. It also intends to equip the armed forces with state-of-the-art weapon systems and equipment

24 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Consumption-based poverty Estimation is still relevant

Why in the news? A recent report by NITI Aayog on multidimensional poverty and the Global Multi-dimensional Poverty Index Report, 2023 have shown a declining trend of Poverty in India. The NITI Aayog report on multidimensional poverty Decline of percentage of poor from 25% in 2015-16 to 15% in 2019-21. 135 million people were lifted out of poverty during this period. Th

16 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Planning

Turning a Deaf ear to Himalayas

Tourism in Himalayas: As per the NITI Aayog report, the growth of tourism in Indian Himalayan Region is expected to grow at an average annual rate of 7.9% from 2013 to 2023. The Indian Himalayan Region (IHR): The Himalayan landscapes spans across three regions – Western Himalayas, Sikkim and Western Arunachal Pradesh. IHR extends from the Indus River in the

16 Aug,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

India and Russia’s Moon missions

Why in the News? Russia has launched a mission to the moon name Luna-25 that could land on the moon days before Chandrayaan-3 in the Lunar South Pole, likely to take away the title of the first country soft -land close to the South Pole Why is Russia reaching the moon earlier than India? Luna-25 was launched in Soyuz rocket almost a month afte

16 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Survey at Corbett Tiger Reserve

About 275 bird species, including two critically endangered, four vulnerable ones and two endangered species, were counted during a survey at Corbett Tiger Reserve. Two endangered species — Pallas’s fish-eagle, Egyptian vulture and four vulnerable bird species — great hornbill, great slaty woodpecker, grey-crowned prinia and river tern — have been counted in the survey

16 Aug,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Biological Diversity Amendment Bill,2021

Why in the News? Lok Sabha has passed the Biological Diversity (Amendment) Bill,2021 replacing Biological Diversity Act, 2002. News in detail: Rationale for introduction of Biological Diversity Act, 2002: Anthropogenic activities leading to loss of biodiversity and extinction of species. Concerns of bio-piracy- unauthorized appropriation of biological resources and relat

12 Aug,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

The Khalistan Issue

Why in the News? The United Kingdom has announced ~1 Crore to tackle pro-Khalistan extremism that has threatened to damage Indian missions and its employees in the UK. Khalistani separatist activities in Western countries: Though the issue of pro-Khalistan separatist movements has emerged in the last two decades intermittently, it has gained a new momentum in the last two years.

12 Aug,2023 GS-3 Role of External State & Non-State Actors in Creating Challenges to Internal Security

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Why in the news? The number of organisations adopting AI technology in India has gone up by 2.5 times with widespread applications in education, health, finance, mobility and e-commerce among others. What is AI? AI is the intelligence of a machine to work based on human cognitive skills that has the ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize or learn from past experience, d

12 Aug,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs)

It is an international financial institution established by two or more countries for the purpose of encouraging economic development in poorer nations. It consists of member nations from both developed and developing countries. It intends to provide loans and grants to member nations to fund projects to support social and economic development in the areas of infrastructu

12 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Legionella bacteria

The UK govt has put the asylum-seekers on a housing barge after the detection of traces the bacteria causing Legionnaire’s disease were found in the onboard water system. The bacteria can be found in lakes and Ponds and also in other water systems. If such water containing thus bacteria is consumed, the bacteria can reach the lungs and cause pneumonia and a mild flu-like illn

12 Aug,2023 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Tackling Deepfakes

What are Deepfakes? Deepfakes are videos, images and audios created or edited with a form of artificial intelligence (AI) model to create a convincingly true version of a real video/image or audio. How are deep fakes created? It is created using techniques in machine learning (ML), a subfield of AI especially Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) In the GAN process, two ML s

11 Aug,2023 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India

Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India Why in the News? The Parliamentary Standing committee on Commerce has flagged that the five SEZs approved in the Northeast India between 2007-21 have not started the operations yet. The SEZs approved in the Northeast India and not yet operational: Information Technology SEZs approved in Manipur and Sikkim in 2013 and 2021 respectively

11 Aug,2023 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

Preservation of Amazon Rainforests

Preservation of Amazon Rainforests Why in the News? Brazil’s Amazon Summit has concluded recently with a hope to protect the tropical rainforests of the Amazon forests that has been facing a threat to its existence. The Brazil’s Amazon Summit: The 2-day Summit aimed at bringing convergence among countries for conserving the Amazon and other rainforests around t

11 Aug,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Centre to launch national portal for online drug sale

Centre to launch national portal for online drug sale Why in the News? The government seeks to launch a national portal for online sale of medicines dur to concerns of over-the-counter sale of prescription drugs and data misuse. This was on the background of the Ministry of Health sending show cause notice to 20 companies such as 1mg, Flipkart, Apollo, Pharm Easy, Amazon and Reliance Net

11 Aug,2023 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

NavIC

Aadhar enrolment devices across the country is set to be integrated with NavIC. Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC), a regional navigation satellite system was formerly known as Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) is an Indian version of the American GPS. It was established to meet the positioning, navigation and timing requirements of th

11 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Lymphatic Filariasis

Lymphatic Filariasis India is committed to eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis by the year 2027, three years ahead of the global target of 2030. Lymphatic filariasis, commonly known as elephantiasis, is a neglected tropical disease. It is caused by mosquitoes when they transmit filarial parasites (classified as nematodes) to humans causing infection. Three

11 Aug,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Hydrogen for Heritage Scheme

Hydrogen for Heritage Scheme The scheme aims to revolutionise the railway industry by incorporating hydrogen fuel cells as an alternative to diesel engines. The Indian Railways has planned to operate 35 Hydrogen-powered trains to run across 8 heritage routes that are environmentally sensitive hilly regions with a potential for tourism. The project thus promotes clean energy sources with

11 Aug,2023 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Seeds for Growth

Seeds for Growth Gap between potential and achievable food productivity in India: Reasons for the gap in productivity especially in grain crops and vegetables: High cost of production Uncertain monsoon Deterioration of soil fertility Subsistence nature of farming Increasing population year-on-year thus increasing the demand Non-availability of quality see

10 Aug,2023 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

Start-ups in India

Start-ups in India Why in the News? The recognized start-ups in India approximating to 98,000 have created 10.34lakh direct jobs in India excluding the jobs created

10 Aug,2023 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

Fertilizers in India

Fertilizers in India Why in the News? The Standing committee of Parliament on chemicals and Fertilizers has asked the govt. to ensure fertilizer availability and increase the local production. Observations of the Panel: There is a deficit of 119 lakh tonnes of fertilizers comparing the overall production and consumption of fertilizers in India. There is a shortage of fertilizers i

10 Aug,2023 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

Coastal Aquaculture Authority Bill

Coastal Aquaculture Authority Bill The bill seeks to amend the Coastal Aquaculture Authority Act, 2005. The bill expands the scope of coastal aquaculture by including allied activities also, Shrimp Prawn Fish Any other Aquatic life in saline or brackish water Newly included allied activities

10 Aug,2023 GS-3 Economics of Animal-Rearing

Climate Events and an umbrella for Urban Health

Climate Events and an umbrella for Urban Health The Monsoon season in India has led to large scale devastation with events of Cyclonic storm Biparjoy, floods in the state of Assam and heavy rain led damages in parts of North India. But the climate events also pose a challenge of common water and Vector-borne diseases especially in the Urban centres. Disease Vulnerability in the urban areas:

09 Aug,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Learning from the CHIPS Act of the US

Learning from the CHIPS Act of the US Why in the news? The United States’s Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors and Science (CHIPS) Act, 2022 which aims to strengthen its semiconductor industry, has completed one year as a law. What are the Provisions of the law and what lessons can India learn from it? Provisions o

09 Aug,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

India’s Ballistic Missile Mission

India’s Ballistic Missile Mission Ballistic missile: A ballistic missile is rocket-propelled self-guided strategic weapon system that follows a ballistic trajectory to deliver a payload from its launch site to a predetermined target. A Ballistic Missile Trajectory India&rsqu

09 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

The State of Elementary education In Rural India Report, 2023

The State of Elementary education In Rural India Report, 2023 Why in the News? The State of Elementary education In Rural India Report, 2023 was released based on a pan-India survey conducted by the Development intelligence Unit (DIU) which highlights the usage of smartphones among students. Findings of the Report: More children used smartphones for entertainment rather than for edu

09 Aug,2023 GS-3 Economic Index

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis Why in the News? A large trial involving ~2800 people conducted in India has revealed that nutritional support plays a key role in cutting down tuberculosis (TB) disease rate and mortality reduction in TB infected patients. TB and Nutritional deficit: Severe undernutrition is one of the contributing causes of deaths in TB patients. Undernutrition as a risk factor acc

09 Aug,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Cyber and Malware attacks in India

Cyber and Malware attacks in India Why in the News? With increasing incidents of cyber and malware attacks on critical infrastructure across the country, the Defence ministry has decided to replace the Microsoft Operating system (OS) with a locally built OS Maya. Maya Operating system: A new locally developed OS based on a free, open-source software called

09 Aug,2023 GS-3 Basics of Cyber Security

Assam Rifles

Assam Rifles The Manipur police has registered a Criminal case against the Assam Rifles on the charges of ‘arrogant act’ of letting the accused Kuki militants to escape freely to a safe zone, ‘obstruction of duty’ and ‘criminal intimidation’ in the ongoing Manipur violence. History of Assam Rifles: The Assam Rifles (AR) is the oldest paramilitar

09 Aug,2023 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

Jammu and Kashmir: Four years on

Jammu and Kashmir: Four years on Why in the News? The Fourth anniversary of the decision of abrogation of Article 370 and the reorganization of J&K into a Union Territory on Aug 5, 2019, has been observed recently. Article 370 and Article 35A: Article 370 was introduced as a temporary provision that conferred special status to J&K a. Only those aspects of the Indian Co

08 Aug,2023 GS-3 Role of External State & Non-State Actors in Creating Challenges to Internal Security

Superconductors

Superconductors Why in the news? The South Korean scientists have reported to have found a material called LK-99 capable of being a superconductor at room temperature and ambient pressure. LK-99 Superconductor: LK-99 is a copper-substituted apatite, capable of exhibiting superconducting property. The material can exhibit superconductivity without the need to cool it to a very low

08 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Infrastructure Developments at the LAC

Infrastructure Developments at the LAC Why in the News? External Affairs Minister Dr. Jaishankar briefed on the current infrastructural developments along LAC that can act as a strategic control in the border regions. Infrastructure at LAC (Line of Actual Control): To improve the connectivity and accessibility to the rough terrains along LAC, extensive construction of Roads has bee

08 Aug,2023 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

Block chain Technology

Block chain Technology A distributed ledger technology that enables a layer of trust and eliminates the need for a third party to validate the transactions. It is an amalgamation of various technologies such as distributed systems, cryptography. Blocks are secured with proper security against tampering using any cryptographic hash algorithms. Transactions are validated and ve

08 Aug,2023 GS-3 Awareness in Different Fields

Royal Bengal Tiger

Royal Bengal Tiger The 5

08 Aug,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Manipur Violence

Manipur Violence Why in the News? The State of Manipur is registering fresh cases of violence with one man shot and 15 houses burnt. Manipur: The Northeastern state of India, sharing borders with Nagaland, Mizoram and Assam and international border with Myanmar (2 regions- Sagaing region and Chin state) wit

07 Aug,2023 GS-3 Role of External State & Non-State Actors in Creating Challenges to Internal Security

Communal Violence in India

Communal Violence in India Why in the News? Cases of Communal violence have been registered in Nuh and Mewat of Haryana has raised the issue of communal violence, triggered by clashes that erupted during a Hindu religious procession in a Muslim dominated region of Nuh. Communal violence in India: It involves people b

07 Aug,2023 GS-3 Linkages Between Development & Spread of Extremism

Border forces at Siliguri corridor

Border forces at Siliguri corridor Why in the News? The border guarding forces of Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) shall be deployed along the Siliguri corridor for safeguarding the strategic area during peacetime. Siliguri corridor and its significance: The Siliguri corridor is narrow stretch adjoining Nepal, Bhutan and Bangladesh measu

07 Aug,2023 GS-3 Security Challenges & their Management in Border Areas

Issues with India’s Pharmaceutical sector

Issues with India’s Pharmaceutical sector Why in the News? USFDA has issued a warning letter to a Gujarat-based Pharma manufacturing company citing serious violations of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). India’s Pharma Sector: Indian pharma sector is set to achieve $130 billion by value, in the year 2030. The domestic Pharma companies are expected to report a steady

07 Aug,2023 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

Research linked Incentive scheme

Research linked Incentive scheme Why in the News? The Ministry of Science and Technology has written to the Finance Ministry to introduce a Research Linked Incentive (RLI) scheme for the Pharma sector in the upcoming budget of 2024-25. What is Research linked Incentive scheme? The RLI scheme has been envisaged on the lines of production-linked incentive (PLI) scheme, to give stimulu

07 Aug,2023 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

Recalibrating India’s clean-cooking strategy

Rationale behind introduction of PMUY scheme: LPG connections are concentrated in Urban and Semi-urban areas mostly to middle class and upper middle-class households. Low-income households depend on use of fossil fuels such as Kerosene, coal and wood for regular cooking usage. The burning of fossil fuels in a closed or partially closed environments can cause acute respiratory illnesses,

01 Aug,2023 GS-3 Infrastructure

National Deep Tech Startup Policy

A. Aims to bolster the growth of Startup ecosystem through optimal policy interventions access to funding strengthening Intellectual Property Regime (IPR) Sustaining Deep tech startups. Enabling shared infrastructure and resource sharing. B. The draft outlines four key pillars Securing India’s economic future. Knowledge-driven economy bolstering national c

01 Aug,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

CPI BASKET CONCEALS THE INFLATION PICTURE

CPI BASKET CONCEALS THE INFLATION PICTURE India's consumer price index (CPI) inflation rose to 4.81% in June 2023, higher than expectations but still below the RBI's upper tolerance limit of 6%. The spike was driven by a less supportive base and a surge in vegetable prices. India's consumer price index (CPI) inflation rises for the first time in five months to 4.81% in J

13 Jul,2023 GS-3 Economic Index

GST ON ONLINE GAMING & ITS IMPLICATIONS

UNIFORM 28% GST ON ONLINE GAMING & ITS IMPLICATIONS Why in the news? The GST Council has decided to levy a uniform 28% GST on Online gaming, casinos and horse-racing. What are the new changes? The 28% taxation will be applicable on the entire face value of the bet. This is a deviation from the earlier 18% GST on the platform value of the bet. Online gaming, Casinos and horse-r

13 Jul,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Disaster preparedness during floods

Disaster preparedness during floods Extreme rainfall events during monsoon along with climate change adversaries, both proactive measures and reactive strategies becomes essential. A Multi-pronged disaster preparedness approach: Robust early warning system about heavy rainfall and flash floods to people. AI/ML augmented meteorological observations such as Doppler weather radar (D

13 Jul,2023 GS-3 Disaster Management

Engel's law

Engel's law It states that, as income increases, the proportion of income spent on food decreases, even if absolute expenditure on food rises. As the economy grows with increases income in the hands of the people, this trend can be witnessed. This formed the basis for reduction in weightage of food in the CPI basket from 60.9 (1960) to 46.2 (2001).

13 Jul,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Nature Restoration Law

Nature Restoration Law A biodiversity bill initiated by the European Commission in the EU Parliament was passed. It aims to recover degraded ecosystems by reclamation of forested areas, marine habitats and growing birds, bees in the farmlands. Indicates Europe's commitment to achieving green goals and climate adaptation goals.

13 Jul,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Matsya-6000

In an undersea implosion, the Titan submersible's entire crew perished. In a locally developed vehicle called the Matsya-6000, Indian scientists are getting ready to make a similar plunge. Similar to the Titan submersible, which just vanished, scientists are getting ready for a Deep Sea Dive with the Vehicle Matsya-6000 in late 2024. In late 2024, the Matsya-6000

03 Jul,2023 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Textile Wastewater Treatment Plant

New, inexpensive method that significantly decreases textile effluent pollution has been developed by NIT Warangal. In an effort to treat wastewater in the textile and apparel industry located in the Hanumakonda area of Telangana in an environmentally responsible manner, NIT Warangal, Prime Textiles, and IMPRINT have created a pilot-scale textile effluent treatment faci

01 Jul,2023 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Medicines Patent Pool Agreement for Leukaemia

Three firms with headquarters in India have inked sub-licence agreements with the Medicines Patent Pool (MPP), a United Nations-backed organisation, to make some cancer medications more affordable and available to patients. These agreements permit the manufacturing of generic versions of the cancer medication Nilotinib, which is primarily used to treat Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML)

01 Jul,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

Aero India 2023

At Air Force Station Yelahanka in Bengaluru, the 14th edition of India's five-day biannual air show, "Aero India," recently took place. About Aero India 2023 About: Aero India is a renowned international aviation trade event that gives the Indian aviation-defence sector, particularly the aerospace sector, a chance to present its goods, technologies, and solutions to nationa

24 Feb,2023 GS-3 Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate

National Guidelines for Organ Transplantation

The National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organization's guidelines contained a stipulation that only allowed patients under the age of 65 to register for transplants. This rule has been abolished by the Union Health Ministry. The Transplantation of Human Organs Act, 1994 in India sets up a number of rules regarding the removal and preservation of human organs. Additionally, it controls th

21 Feb,2023 GS-3 S&T Developments & their Applications & Effects in Everyday Life

lead poisoning

The enormous environmental damage, human exposure, and serious public health issues brought on by the widespread use of lead have affected many regions of the world. Regarding Lead Poisoning: Lead poisoning, also known as chronic intoxication, is brought on by the body absorbing lead, and symptoms include weakness or paralysis of the muscles, as well as weariness, nausea, diarrhoea,

21 Feb,2023 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Chapter 6: Youth for Environment Sustainability

Introduction • To combat climate change, preserve environmental resources, and reverse the decline of biodiversity, immediate action is needed. • Initiatives to combat climate change spearheaded by youth could improve education generally and help the world reach net-Zero Emissions by 2030. Also, it would contribute to ensuring the standard of livin

20 Feb,2023 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Chapter 7: Shaping Digital Economy

Introduction • Millennials, those born between 1980 and 2000, have spent their entire lives surrounded by electronic devices. • These millennials depend on digital tools for their daily activities, and because of this, they are ideal candidates to help India's Digitised Economy take shape. The Success of the Indian Youth •

20 Feb,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Chapter 9: Leading India towards Techade

Introduction • Participation in governance is one of the characteristics of good government. As 66% of the population is under the age of 65, young participation in governance is essential to the development of civic skills and the sustainability of long-term communities. • Government launched the MyGov App, which centres the citizen. •

20 Feb,2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Chapter 1: ZOOLOGICAL DIVERSITY

Introduction • India is one of the mega-biodiversity countries in the world with unique biogeographical locations, diversified climatic conditions and wide array of ecosystems from deep sea to high mountain ranges at Himalayas. • According to world biogeographic categorization, India represents two of the major realms, the Palearctic and Indo-Malay

30 Oct,2022 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Chapter 3 : Safeguarding Ocean

Introduction • The majority of our current and future energy needs are derived from the oceans. • Around 96.5 percent of the water on Earth is contained in the seas, which cover about two-thirds of the planet's surface. • Millions of cells, the fundamental biological unit of both plants and humans, contain roughly 70% wa

30 Oct,2022 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Chapter 5: Wonder in the West

Introduction • Gujarat is fortunate to have a diverse ecosystem that supports a large number of wildlife species. The State is home to numerous migrating birds, unique and endangered species of flora and animals, and many ecological hotspots. • The presence of 7,500 species of flora and fauna, of which 2,550 are angiosperms and 1,366 are vert

30 Oct,2022 GS-3 Environmental Conservation

Chapter 6: Water Governance

Introduction Gujarat has historically been a state with limited water resources. Its evolution from a water-scarce to a water-secure condition is a tale in and of itself. The Transformation: Because of numerous droughts in Gujarat's western and northern districts, a significant number of people have migrated there. Every development project in those areas is centred on water manageme

30 Oct,2022 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Chapter 7: Green Telecom

Introduction • With the introduction of 5G technology, it is anticipated that the number of towers, small cells, and BTS (or equivalent electronics) would significantly increase, which will accelerate GHG and carbon emissions and have a knock-on effect on global warming. • In order to lessen the telecom industry's negative impact on the ecosyst

30 Oct,2022 GS-3 Indigenization of Technology & Developing New Technology

Chapter 8: Our Water Heroes

Introduction • We have a long tradition of conserving water. • A prime example of that is the Ahar-Pyre system. • Indians' role in water conservation during British rule is examined in three groups. • These are "Water Services," "Water Structures," and "Jal Satyagraha.&quo

30 Oct,2022 GS-3 Environmental Pollution & Degradation

Total Amount:

0.00

Daily News Analysis

Environmental Performance Index (EPI) 2026

Pygmy Hog

Dhauladhar Wildlife Sanctuary

Sovereign Green Bonds and Greenium

Vikram-1 Rocket

Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) and India’s Digital Transformation

Bagdara Wildlife Sanctuary

Deepak Dhar and the 2026 Dirac Medal

Startup India

EVEREST Rocket Engine

Asiatic Lion Conservation in India

Indian Peafowl & “Peacock Diplomacy”

Sustainable Agriculture

Animal Husbandry in India

Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs)

Shifting Cultivation

Amendment to Drugs Rules, 1945

Glueball and X(2370)

Mouling National Park

Vansda National Park

Light-Activated Nanobots for Breast Cancer Therapy

Mathikettan Shola National Park

Ease of Living in India: 2014–2026

Marburg Virus Disease (MVD)

INS Trikand

Antineutrinos from Spent Nuclear Fuel

Telecom Manufacturing Zone (TMZ), Gwalior

Glaw Lake – India’s 101st Ramsar Site

Caspian Cobra (Naja oxiana)

Public Sector Banks (PSBs) in India

Leptospirosis

Sustainable Development Report (SDR) 2026

Kudremukh National Park

Samudra Manthan: National Offshore Exploration Scheme

India’s Transition Towards Electric Mobility

Sariska Tiger Reserve

K9 Vajra-T

Aldabra Giant Tortoise

Hargila Bird (Greater Adjutant Stork)

PM-KISAN

Arabithittu Wildlife Sanctuary

Amrabad Tiger Reserve (ATR)

AI as India’s Next Foundational Public Utility

Lonar Lake

Euclid Space Telescope

FP-5 Flamingo Missile

Environmental Performance Index (EPI) 2026

Rewa Sundarja Mango

Golden Langur (Trachypithecus geei)

HELINA Missile (Helicopter-Launched NAG)

Chital

Index of Services Production (ISP)

Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve

Burevestnik Missile (SSC-X-9 Skyfall)

Blue Swimmer Crab

Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESA) / Eco-Sensitive Zone (ESZ)

Indian Maritime Workforce (Indian Seafarers)

Technological Sovereignty

India's First 3D-Printed Artificial Reef Modules

Biochar

Ammonia

Solanum pandeyi

India's Domestic Drone Manufacturing and Defence Procurement Reforms

Non-Methane Hydrocarbons (NMHCs)

Indian Coast Guard (ICG)

Sickle Cell Anaemia (Sickle Cell Disease - SCD)

New Naval Platforms

Investment Friendliness Index (IFI)

Transmission Infrastructure

Etalin Hydroelectric Project

National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI)

Exercise Khaan Quest

Mimeusemia kali

Smart Seed Coating Technology

Hydrogen Train

Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs)

INS Tarkash