White Phosphorus

Recently, the Human Rights Watch accused Israel of unlawfully using white phosphorus over residential areas in southern Lebanon.

About White Phosphorus

White phosphorus (also known as yellow phosphorus) is a waxy solid substance that appears white to yellow and emits a garlic-like odour.

Key Properties

• It ignites spontaneously in air at temperatures above 30°C.

• Once ignited, it continues to burn until fully oxidized or deprived of oxygen.

Applications of White Phosphorus

Military Uses

• Used to illuminate battlefields.

• Generates smokescreens to obscure troop movements.

• Acts as an incendiary weapon in grenades and artillery shells.

Industrial Uses

• Production of phosphoric acid and phosphates.

• Phosphates are used in fertilizers, detergents, and other chemical products.

• Also used in fireworks and as a rodenticide.

Impact of White Phosphorus on Humans

• White phosphorus is toxic through all routes of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact).

• The smoke released contains phosphoric acids and phosphine, which harm the eyes and respiratory system.

• It causes deep and severe burns, often penetrating tissues and even reaching the bone.

Conclusion

The recent allegations highlight the urgent need for strict adherence to international humanitarian norms governing the use of incendiary weapons.