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Prelims Facts

PRELIMS DATA & FACTS Prelims Facts

Prelims fact is an exclusive column to assist the students, in preparation for subject wise prelims facts and data this section not only helps in UPSC prelims in interview but also helps in various public service commission examination like OAS UPPCS UKPCS Rajasthan PCS Haryana PCS

GS-III

Inter-State Transmission System (ISTS)

 According to Crisil Ratings, around 26 gigawatts (GW) of renewable energy (RE) projects in India are expected to be impacted with the end of the waiver on Inter-State Transmission System (ISTS) charges provided for solar and wind projects. This could pose challenges for developers and investors in the renewable energy sector. What is the Inter-State Transmission System (ISTS)? The Inter-
Prelims Facts 13 Aug, 2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

National Highways & Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited (NHIDCL)

 The National Highways & Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited (NHIDCL) has been in the news recently due to the suspension of traffic on NH10 from Sikkim and Kalimpong to Siliguri because of a landslide and cave-ins. This has caused disruptions on a 30 km stretch, which is currently undergoing repairs by NHIDCL. About NHIDCL Incorporation: NHIDCL was incorporated on
Prelims Facts 11 Aug, 2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

National Green Hydrogen Mission

 The National Green Hydrogen Mission was approved by the Union Cabinet on January 4, 2023. It aims to position India as a global hub for the production, utilization, and export of green hydrogen and its derivatives. Key Objectives of the Mission Global Hub for Green Hydrogen: To make India a major player in the green hydrogen sector, not just for domestic use, but also for exporti
Prelims Facts 10 Aug, 2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

Market Coupling in India's Power Sector

   The Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) has proposed to implement market coupling in the Day Ahead Market (DAM) segment of India’s power exchanges starting from January 2026. However, industry analysts and officials have expressed concerns that the shift to market coupling may not offer substantial benefits to the power sector in India. What is Market Coupling? M
Prelims Facts 08 Aug, 2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

Dorjilung Hydropower Project

 The Dorjilung Hydropower Project is indeed a significant development in Bhutan's energy sector, marking a shift towards more private-sector involvement and cross-border renewable energy diplomacy between India and Bhutan. Key Updates and Facts: Project Overview: The Dorjilung Hydropower Project is a 1125 MW run-of-river scheme being developed in the Kurichhu River b
Prelims Facts 04 Aug, 2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

Digital Payments Index

 The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has recently announced an increase in the Digital Payments Index (RBI-DPI), which reached 493.22 in March 2025, up from 465.33 in September 2024. This reflects a growing adoption of digital payment methods in India. Insights on RBI-Digital Payments Index (RBI-DPI): Purpose: The RBI-DPI is designed to measure the extent to which digital payments have
Prelims Facts 04 Aug, 2025 GS-3 Economic Index

SOFI Report 2025

 The SOFI Report 2025 offers a detailed overview of global food insecurity and hunger in 2024, highlighting both progress and ongoing challenges. The report underscores that hunger continues to affect 720 million people worldwide, or about 8.2% of the global population, a figure still higher than pre-pandemic levels. Highlights of the SOFI Report 2025: Global Hunger Trends:
Prelims Facts 02 Aug, 2025 GS-3 Economic Index

Henley Passport Index 2025

 India has made significant strides in global mobility, improving its ranking in the Henley Passport Index 2025, climbing 8 places to 77th position from 85th in 2024. This improvement reflects India's enhanced travel freedoms and diplomatic engagements. Overview of Henley Passport Index 2025: Compiled by: Henley & Partners, using data from the International Air Transport Ass
Prelims Facts 29 Jul, 2025 GS-3 Economic Index

Central Board of Direct Taxes

 The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) plays a crucial role in the administration of direct taxes in India, and its enhanced focus on using data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) to combat tax evasion marks a significant step in modernizing tax enforcement. What is CBDT? The CBDT is the apex body responsible for formulating policies related to the levy and collection of direc
Prelims Facts 27 Jul, 2025 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Pavana River Rejuvenation Project

Recently, there has been significant public outcry in Akurdi, a suburb of Pune, as citizens, local youth, and residents gathered to express their disapproval of the Pavana River Rejuvenation Project. This project, aimed at improving the water quality and the overall health of the river, has been met with resistance from the local community, highlighting concerns about environmental impacts and the
Prelims Facts 20 Jul, 2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

IRDAI

 The IRDAI has recently constituted panels of its whole-time members to investigate violations by certain insurers and intermediaries. The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) plays a crucial role in ensuring that the insurance sector in India operates smoothly, transparently, and fairly. Its role is particularly focused on protecting policyholders, regulating insu
Prelims Facts 19 Jul, 2025 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

ADEETIE Scheme

 The ADEETIE (Assistance in Deploying Energy Efficient Technologies in Industries & Establishments) Scheme is a significant initiative launched by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) under the Ministry of Power, Government of India. The scheme aims to boost energy efficiency across Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), helping them enhance their competitiveness, reduce costs, and
Prelims Facts 15 Jul, 2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS)

 The Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) is a market-driven initiative developed under the Indian Carbon Market (ICM), aimed at regulating and trading carbon credits to facilitate the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in key industrial sectors in India. Key Objectives of CCTS: Decarbonisation of Industrial Sectors: The scheme is designed to decarbonise high-emission sector
Prelims Facts 15 Jul, 2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

Battery Passport System

 India's upcoming Battery Passport system is a significant step forward for the electric vehicle (EV) sector. It integrates digital transparency, safety, and performance monitoring in ways that will benefit both consumers and manufacturers. What is the Battery Passport System? The Battery Passport system is essentially a digital record for each EV battery, providing a unique ID (like
Prelims Facts 12 Jul, 2025 GS-3 Infrastructure

Gig workforce

The Union Budget 2025 introduced several measures to formally recognize gig and platform workers, providing them with social protection schemes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2025 has not been updated to capture the unique nature of gig work, leaving significant gaps in official labour statistics. The NITI Aayog's 2022 report on India’s gig and platform economy
Prelims Facts 06 Jul, 2025 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Research Development and Innovation (RDI) Scheme

The scheme was recently approved by the Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister of India, with a corpus of Rs. 1 lakh crore. What is the Research Development and Innovation (RDI) Scheme? Initiated by: Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India. Purpose: To incentivize private sector investment in basic and applied research leading to innovative products and tec
Prelims Facts 05 Jul, 2025 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Financial Stability Report (FSR)

The FSR is published twice yearly (June and December) by the RBI, incorporating inputs from all financial sector regulators. It provides a collective assessment by the Financial Stability and Development Council (FSDC) Sub-Committee on risks to India’s financial system stability. Key Highlights of June 2025 FSR: India’s Economy: Continues to be a key dri
Prelims Facts 03 Jul, 2025 GS-3 Economic Index

NPCI Extends Market Cap Deadline for UPI Apps

 NPCI Extends Market Cap Deadline for UPI Apps Why in News? The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) has extended the deadline for Third-Party App Providers (TPAPs) to comply with the 30% transaction cap on Unified Payments Interface (UPI) transaction volumes until 31st December 2026. Key Points: Impact on Major UPI Players: This extension impacts major TPAPs like PhonePe
Prelims Facts 09 Jan, 2025 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Centre for Processing Accelerated Corporate Exit (C-PACE)

 Centre for Processing Accelerated Corporate Exit (C-PACE) The Centre for Processing Accelerated Corporate Exit (C-PACE) has been set up to streamline and expedite the process of company closures in India. The initiative aims to significantly reduce the time required for the voluntary winding-up of companies, bringing the process down to 70-90 days. Key Objectives and Functions Accel
Prelims Facts 03 Dec, 2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Forex reserves

 Context: Recently, Forex reserves jumped $2.816 billion to $606.859 billion. About forex reserves Foreign Exchange Reserves refer to assets kept in reserve by a central bank, comprising foreign currencies such as bonds, treasury bills, and government securities. These reserves, expressed in the US dollar, the international standard, are managed by the RBI, serving as the cust
Prelims Facts 02 Mar, 2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

India's stock market

 India overtakes Hong Kong to become 4th-largest stock market recently. India's stock market capitalization crossed USD 4 trillion for the first time, with about half of that reportedly coming in the past 4 years. The top 3 stock markets are the U.S., China, and Japan.
Prelims Facts 06 Feb, 2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Post Payments Bank

 Context: India Post Payments Bank enter into MoU with Hindustan Zinc to offer financial inclusion services to its CSR beneficiaries. Significance of the MOU: The collaboration will ensure in creating a lasting impact on the lives of community beneficiaries around Hindustan Zinc’s operational areas.  The key services provided by the IPPB will ensure Financial Inclusion and ens
Prelims Facts 02 Feb, 2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Internet cable project in Lakshadweep

 Context: recently Kochi–Lakshadweep submarine optical fibre cable project was inaugurated , implemented at a cost of ₹1,072 crore, which will connect the islands to high-speed internet for the first time, after years of relying on limited satellite bandwidth. About the project: Objective   The KLI project involves extending submarine cable connectivity from Kochi to eleve
Prelims Facts 29 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

‘Swayam Siddha’

 Swayam Siddha is a financial product from the State Bank of India (SBI) that provides loans to women entrepreneurs from Self Help Groups (SHGs). The loans can be up to 5 lakh rupees.
Prelims Facts 29 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Gulf of Aden

 Context: The Indian Navy has deployed ships and aircraft to maintain enhanced surveillance and maritime security operations in the North/Central Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden.  News: The Navy is actively observing the situation in collaboration with national maritime agencies and is dedicated to guaranteeing the well-being of merchant shipping and seafarers in the area. Cu
Prelims Facts 27 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

MSMEs in India

 A recent report of CBRE-CREDAI says that Maharastra, TamilNadu and Uttar Pradesh (top 3 States) contribute 40% of registered MSMEs in India. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises are known by the acronym MSME.
Prelims Facts 27 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Investment bankers

 An investment banker is an individual who often works as part of a financial institution and is primarily concerned with raising capital for corporations, governments, or other entities. Examples of investment banker employers - Goldman Sachs (GS), Morgan Stanley (MS), JPMorgan Chase (JPM), Bank of America Merrill Lynch (BAC), and Deutsche Bank (DB).
Prelims Facts 20 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Show Cause Notice by Financial Intelligence Unit

 Context: India’s Financial Intelligence Unit has issued show-cause notices to nine offshore crypto-currency operators, including Binance, for not complying with the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA). News: Show Cause Notices for compliance have been sent to nine offshore Virtual Digital Assets Service Providers (VDA SPs) under Section 13 o
Prelims Facts 18 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Small finance bank

 Context: Recently, Small finance bank (SFB) campaigns were launched.The initiative aims to showcase the achievements of Small Finance Banks (SFBs) in terms of their business models to various stakeholders. About Small Finance Bank (SFB): Small Finance Banks are financial institutions dedicated to providing financial services in regions that are underserved and unbanked. They are i
Prelims Facts 18 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs)

 Context: Recently, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued its list of Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs). News: In the recent update by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), both the State Bank of India (SBI) and HDFC Bank have been reclassified to higher tiers, while ICICI Bank maintains its existing categorization from the previous year The revised classifications pla
Prelims Facts 16 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

North India's 1st Biotech Industrial Park

 North India’s 1st industrial biotech park inaugurated in Jammu and Kashmir’s Kathua recently. Biotech Parks offer facilities to scientists and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) for technology incubation, demonstration, and pilot plant studies. The parks are established to facilitate product advancement and innovation through the development of biot
Prelims Facts 13 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Sanjauli-Dhalli Tunnel

 Context: Recently, the Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh inaugurated the newly-constructed Sanjauli-Dhalli tunnel. About  Sanjauli-Dhalli Tunnel: Description: A double-lane tunnel spanning approximately 150 meters, constructed at an estimated cost of Rs 47 crore. Existing Dhalli Tunnel: Originally built in 1852 as a single-lane passage, the older Dhalli tunnel had exceed
Prelims Facts 10 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Mountain Green Cover Index (MGCI)

 Recently National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) signed a 3-year MoU with the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) to develop & report a Green Cover Index for National highways. MGCI is a metric that measures the amount of green vegetation in mountain areas (forest, shrubs, trees, pasture land, crop land, etc.) in order to monitor progress towards the mountain targe
Prelims Facts 10 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Zero coupon zero principle

 Context: Capital markets regulator Sebi on Thursday came out with a procedure for public issuance of 'zero coupon zero principle' instruments by not-for-profit organisations (NPOs) and listing of such instruments on the Social Stock Exchange (SSE). News: Instruments issued in dematerialized form are non-transferable. The minimum issue size for such instruments is set a
Prelims Facts 09 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Economic Index

South Coast Railway Zone

 The South Coast Railway (SCoR) Zone is India's 18th railway zone, and its headquarters are in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. It was announced in 2019 and still not started yet.
Prelims Facts 08 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Inoperative account by RBI

 A savings or current account is treated as inoperative, if there are no ‘customer induced transactions’ in the account for a period of over 2 years. A customer induced transaction can be a financial transaction initiated by or done at the Behest of the account holder by the bank or third party, or A non-financial transaction, or A KYC (know your
Prelims Facts 05 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (RGIA)

 RGIA in Hyderabad was ranked 2nd among the top 20 global airports with the highest On-Time Performance (OTP), according to Cirium’s annual report released recently. On-time performance (OTP) is a measure of how punctual an airline's flights are compared to their scheduled times. A flight is considered on-time if it arrives or departs within 15 minutes of its sche
Prelims Facts 05 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Infrastructure

Nation’s first interstate multi-modal transport hub coming up near Delhi airport

 CONTEXT: The proposed hub located near the GMR Aerocity will provide connectivity through an Interstate Bus Terminus, Delhi Metro, the proposed Passenger Transport Centre, and proposed Rapid Rail Transit System station. Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL) plans to develop India's first multi-modal interstate transport hub near Aerocity, focusing on integrating bus, metro, and air
Prelims Facts 04 Jan, 2024 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

DOUBLE TAXATION AVOIDANCE AGREEMENTS (DTAAS)

 It is a mutually consented upon agreement between two countries on the taxability of specified incomes which both countries claim to have the right to levy tax on. Most countries have DTAAs to overcome the issue of double taxation arising due to cross border incomes. It is also aimed to promote international trade and amplify economic relations.  DTAAs ensures that the same income is
Prelims Facts 20 Oct, 2023 GS-3 Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It

Global hunger Index

 Global hunger Index       India has been ranked 111th out of 125 countries in the Global Hunger Index 2023. The index is published on an annual basis by Concern Worldwide and Welthungerhilfe. India has a score of 28.7, indicating a serious level of hunger, ranking after neighbouring countries of Pakistan (102nd), Bangladesh (81st), Nepal (69th) and Sri Lan
Prelims Facts 13 Oct, 2023 GS-3 Economic Index

India Steel

 India Steel     Indian steel companies plan to raise prices of various grades of the alloy due to rising import costs of coking coal.  Australia accounts for over 50% of its coking coal imports of around 55-60 million metric tonne a year. India also meets its coking coal requirements by importing from Russia and the United States. India su
Prelims Facts 07 Oct, 2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Open Market Operations (OMO)

 Open Market Operations (OMO)     It refers to the purchase and sale of securities (treasury bills and government securities) in open market by the central bank of any country. This is done to regulate money supply in the economy. OMO is one of the most important ways of monetary control that is exercised by the central banks.  The central bank sells securit
Prelims Facts 07 Oct, 2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI)

 Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) IRDAI cuts minimum capital requirement for foreign reinsurance branches from Rs 100 crore to Rs 50 crores with the provision to repatriate any excess assigned capital. The move is intended to Increase the overall capacity of the reinsurance sector to accommodate growing demand and manage larger risks. broader goa
Prelims Facts 06 Oct, 2023 GS-3 Investment Models

National Investment Infrastructure Fund (NIIF)

 National Investment Infrastructure Fund (NIIF)     The NIIF was launched in 2015 as India’s first state-backed fund. JBIC will contribute 51 per cent of that figure and the rest will be contributed by India. for enhancing infrastructure financing by investing in greenfield (new), brownfield (existing) and stalled projects. The fund was set up as Category II
Prelims Facts 05 Oct, 2023 GS-3 Investment Models

Purchasing Manager’s Index

 Purchasing Manager’s Index   It is an index that reflects the prevailing direction of economic trends in the manufacturing and service sectors. It has a diffusion index that summarizes whether market conditions are expanding, staying the same, or contracting as viewed by purchasing managers. It is a monthly survey released by the Institute for Supply Manag
Prelims Facts 04 Oct, 2023 GS-3 Economic Index

Short Selling

 Short Selling     The Enforcement Directorate’s preliminary investigation has concluded that the “top beneficiaries” of short selling in shares of Adani Group companies, post release of the Hindenburg Research report and the subsequent market crash, are based in tax havens. Short sellers are investors who believe and bet that sh
Prelims Facts 29 Aug, 2023 GS-3 Investment Models

Sugar industry in ethanol sourcing

 Sugar industry in ethanol sourcing The Niti Aayog envisages requirement of 1,400 crore litres of ethanol to achieve 20% blending by 2025-2026.  Nearly 550 crore litres of ethanol have been produced and 450 crore litres of it came from the sugar industry and the remaining from maize and damaged grain, in 2022. Molasses, a byproduct of sugar processing, are currently being used for bi
Prelims Facts 24 Aug, 2023 GS-3 Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth

Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs)

 It is an international financial institution established by two or more countries for the purpose of encouraging economic development in poorer nations. It consists of member nations from both developed and developing countries. It intends to provide loans and grants to member nations to fund projects to support social and economic development in the areas of infrastructu
Prelims Facts 12 Aug, 2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Related to Mobilization of Resources

National Deep Tech Startup Policy

 A.  Aims to bolster the growth of Startup ecosystem through optimal policy interventions access to funding strengthening Intellectual Property Regime (IPR) Sustaining Deep tech startups. Enabling shared infrastructure and resource sharing. B. The draft outlines four key pillars Securing India’s economic future. Knowledge-driven economy bolstering national c
Prelims Facts 01 Aug, 2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

Engel's law

 Engel's law It states that, as income increases, the proportion of income spent on food decreases, even if absolute expenditure on food rises. As the economy grows with increases income in the hands of the people, this trend can be witnessed. This formed the basis for reduction in weightage of food in the CPI basket from 60.9 (1960) to 46.2 (2001).
Prelims Facts 13 Jul, 2023 GS-3 Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Growth, Development & Employment

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