The Smooth-Coated Otters have recently been in the news following the arrival of a pair at the National Zoological Park (NZP) in Delhi from Surat, marking a rare animal exchange after 20 years. This development is significant for both conservation efforts and the public’s awareness of this vulnerable species.
Scientific Classification: The smooth-coated otter is the only extant representative of the genus Lutrogale.
Geographical Range: Smooth-coated otters are found across southern and Southeast Asia, including India, China, and even a small population in Iraq.
They thrive in lowlands, coastal mangrove forests, peat swamp forests, and freshwater wetlands such as large forested rivers, lakes, and rice paddies. While they are adapted for aquatic life, they are also comfortable on land and can travel overland in search of suitable habitats.
Size and Appearance: The smooth-coated otter is the largest species of otter in Southeast Asia.
Their fur is shorter and smoother compared to other otter species.
Their fur is typically light to dark brown dorsally and light brown to grayish ventrally.
Under fur is tightly packed, and they have longer, water-repellent guard hairs.
Behavior: They are strong swimmers and are known for hunting in groups. When fishing, they often travel in a V-formation going upstream, showcasing their social and cooperative hunting style.
The species faces numerous threats, primarily due to loss of habitat, habitat degradation caused by water pollution from fertilizers, pesticides, and poaching.
The IUCN Red List classifies the smooth-coated otter as Vulnerable, reflecting the significant risks they face in their natural habitat.
The move to bring these otters to the National Zoological Park in Delhi is part of ongoing efforts to boost conservation awareness and provide a safe breeding environment. The exchange program between zoos, which is rare and takes place over long periods, is critical in maintaining genetic diversity and reinforcing the importance of wildlife protection.
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