The Smooth-Coated Otters have recently been in the news following the arrival of a pair at the National Zoological Park (NZP) in Delhi from Surat, marking a rare animal exchange after 20 years. This development is significant for both conservation efforts and the public’s awareness of this vulnerable species.

About Smooth-Coated Otters

• Scientific Classification: The smooth-coated otter is the only extant representative of the genus Lutrogale.

Distribution

• Geographical Range: Smooth-coated otters are found across southern and Southeast Asia, including India, China, and even a small population in Iraq.

Habitat

• They thrive in lowlands, coastal mangrove forests, peat swamp forests, and freshwater wetlands such as large forested rivers, lakes, and rice paddies. While they are adapted for aquatic life, they are also comfortable on land and can travel overland in search of suitable habitats.

Features

• Size and Appearance: The smooth-coated otter is the largest species of otter in Southeast Asia.

  • Their fur is shorter and smoother compared to other otter species.

  • Their fur is typically light to dark brown dorsally and light brown to grayish ventrally.

  • Under fur is tightly packed, and they have longer, water-repellent guard hairs.

• Behavior: They are strong swimmers and are known for hunting in groups. When fishing, they often travel in a V-formation going upstream, showcasing their social and cooperative hunting style.

Threats

• The species faces numerous threats, primarily due to loss of habitat, habitat degradation caused by water pollution from fertilizers, pesticides, and poaching.

Conservation Status

• The IUCN Red List classifies the smooth-coated otter as Vulnerable, reflecting the significant risks they face in their natural habitat.

Conservation Efforts

The move to bring these otters to the National Zoological Park in Delhi is part of ongoing efforts to boost conservation awareness and provide a safe breeding environment. The exchange program between zoos, which is rare and takes place over long periods, is critical in maintaining genetic diversity and reinforcing the importance of wildlife protection.

The Tato-II Hydroelectric Project has been in the news recently with the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) approving an investment proposal of ₹8,146.21 crore for its construction in Arunachal Pradesh.

Key Details of the Tato-II Hydroelectric Project

• Capacity: The project will have an installed capacity of 700 MW.

• Location: The project is planned on the Siyom River (also known as the Siyom Basin) in Shi Yomi district, Arunachal Pradesh.

• Type: It is a run-of-river project, meaning that it will utilize the natural flow of the river to generate power without the need for large reservoirs.

• Hydro Reservoir Capacity: The reservoir is expected to have a capacity of 56 million cubic meters.

• Turbines: The project will feature four turbines, each with a 175 MW nameplate capacity.

• Energy Generation: The total energy generation expected from the project is approximately 2,738.06 million units of electricity.

Impact of the Project

• Power Supply for Arunachal Pradesh: The electricity generated will significantly improve the power supply in Arunachal Pradesh, which has faced challenges with energy access due to its geographical remoteness.

• National Grid Balance: In addition to serving the local needs, the power generated will contribute to balancing the national grid by providing additional supply during peak demand periods.

• Free Power for Arunachal Pradesh: The state will receive 12% of the generated power for free, in addition to 1% for the Local Area Development Fund (LADF), which can help in the socio-economic development of the area surrounding the project.

Implementation and Investment

• The project will be executed through a joint venture between the North Eastern Electric Power Corporation Ltd (NEEPCO) and the Government of Arunachal Pradesh.

• Cost: The total investment for the project stands at ₹8,146.21 crore, reflecting a major push for infrastructure development in the state.