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Chile

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Why in the News?

India and Chile are pushing to conclude negotiations on a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) by the end of 2026.

About Chile

Location and Boundaries

Chile is located in the southwestern part of South America. It occupies a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes Mountains to the east and the South Pacific Ocean to the west.

Chile shares its borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast and Argentina to the east. The Drake Passage lies to its south.

Capital: Santiago.

Geographical Features of Chile

Climate

Chile has diverse climatic conditions. The north experiences desert conditions, the central region has a Mediterranean climate, and the south is generally cool and damp.

Important Desert

The Atacama Desert, located in northern Chile, is regarded as the driest non-polar desert in the world.

Major River

The Loa River is an important river in Chile.

Important Volcano

Ojos del Salado, located along the Andes, is the world's highest active volcano and the second-highest peak in South America, with an elevation of approximately 6,880 metres.

Chile lies along the Pacific Ring of Fire, a region characterised by significant volcanic and seismic activity.

Natural Resources and Economic Significance

Chile is a major global producer of copper and lithium. Other important natural resources include molybdenum, iron ore, timber, hydropower and precious metals.

Copper and lithium are particularly important for electrical equipment, batteries, renewable energy technologies and electric vehicles.

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19 Oct,2026

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