Deep Brain Stimulation

The application of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) has revolutionized the treatment landscape for movement disorders and some psychiatric conditions. more than 1.6 lakh people worldwide have undergone DBS, highlighting how widely it's being adopted as a treatment.

Insights into DBS:

1. How it works:

   • DBS is a very precise method where electrodes are implanted in specific areas of the brain.

   • These electrodes are connected to a small device (like a pacemaker) placed under the skin, usually near the chest.

   • The device sends controlled electrical impulses to the brain, helping correct irregular neural activity.

   Applications:

   • Movement Disorders: It’s commonly used for Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. For patients who don't respond well to medications, DBS provides a non-destructive alternative.

   • Psychiatric Disorders: It's also approved for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and is being researched for conditions like severe depression and epilepsy.

   • Neuro-modulation: Essentially, DBS modifies how neurons communicate, acting as a "reset" for misfiring brain circuits.

   Advantages:

   • Reversible Effect: Unlike traditional brain surgeries, DBS doesn’t involve destroying brain tissue. Its effects can be turned off at any time.

   • Precision in Treatment: The device can be adjusted based on patient needs, offering a customized treatment plan.

The potential for DBS to normalize disrupted brain circuits at both the cellular and network levels is exciting. It’s one of the few treatments offering hope for patients who have no other options.