Context: AstroSat, India’s first multi-wavelength space-based observatory, has detected bright sub-second X-ray bursts from a new and unique neutron star with ultrahigh magnetic field (magnetar), which can help understand the intriguing extreme astrophysical conditions of magnetars.
Magnetars
X-ray bursts
They occur in low-mass X-ray binary systems where a neutron star and low-mass main sequence star are in orbit around one another. Due to their close proximity and the extreme gravity of the neutron star, the companion star overflows its roche-lobe and hydrogen is drawn into an accretion disk around the neutron star. This hydrogen is eventually deposited on the surface of the neutron star and immediately is converted into helium due to the extreme temperatures and pressures that exist there.
AstroSat
Launched on September 28, 2015, by the Indian launch vehicle PSLV from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota, the observatory has a lift-off mass of 1515 kg and operates in a 650 km orbit inclined at an angle of 6 degrees to the equator.
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