Barilius imphalensis

A new species of freshwater fish, named Barilius imphalensis, has been recently discovered in the Imphal River in Manipur, adding to the rich biodiversity of the region. This species, locally called "Ngawa" in the Meitei language, showcases unique features that set it apart from its relatives in India and Southeast Asia.

About Barilius imphalensis:

• Scientific Classification:

  • Family: Danionidae

  • Subfamily: Chedrinae (commonly referred to as danionid fishes)

  Local Name: Ngawa (in the Meitei language)

Habitat and Ecology:

• Location: The species was discovered in the Imphal River in Manipur, located in the northeastern part of India.

  Habitat Characteristics:

  • It thrives in clear, shallow waters of the river.

  • The typical depth of its habitat ranges from 3 to 5 feet.

  • The riverbed consists of gravel and cobble, and the banks are lined with vegetation, making it an ideal environment for this species.

Distinctive Features of Barilius imphalensis:

1. Body and Coloration:

   • The fish is characterized by short blue vertical bars running across its body, making it visually striking and distinct from other fish species in the region.

2. Sensory Features:

   • Unlike many fish species, Barilius imphalensis does not have barbels—these are the sensory, whisker-like organs typically found on many fish for detecting environmental stimuli.

3. Tubercles:

   • The fish exhibits tiny tubercles (small bumps) on its snout and jaw, another feature that distinguishes it from other species in the same genus.

4. Lateral Line System:

   • The species has a complete lateral line with 41 scales, which is crucial for detecting movement and vibrations in the water, aiding the fish in navigation and hunting.

Ecological and Evolutionary Significance:

• Endemic Nature:

  • Barilius imphalensis is endemic to the Imphal River, meaning it is not found naturally anywhere else. This makes it a key species for the local ecosystem and highlights the need for its conservation.

  Vibrant Patterns and Ecological Role:

  • Belonging to the Danionidae family, the fish shares the ecological importance of other danionids, known for their vibrant patterns and significant role in aquatic ecosystems. These fish often contribute to controlling insect populations and serve as prey for larger predators.

  Biodiversity Indicator:

  • The discovery of this new species is a positive indicator of biodiversity in the Imphal River. It suggests that the river's ecosystem remains relatively undisturbed and supports diverse life forms.

Conclusion:

The discovery of Barilius imphalensis is a significant addition to the biodiversity of Manipur's Imphal River. This endemic species contributes to the region's rich aquatic life, showcasing distinctive features like blue vertical bars, absence of barbels, and tubercles on its snout. As a member of the Danionidae family, it holds ecological value, and its discovery underscores the need to conserve the Imphal River's ecosystem.