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Q. What were the major technological changes introduced during the Sultanate period? How did those technological changes influence Indian society?
- Q.1. Technological Transformations during the Delhi Sultanate: Agriculture and Irrigation
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A: Technological Transformations during the Delhi Sultanate:
Agriculture and Irrigation:
Implementation of advanced irrigation systems like Hauz-i-Shamsi and Persian wheel improved water management and crop cultivation.
Architecture and Construction:
Fusion of Indian and Islamic architectural styles led to the emergence of Indo-Islamic architecture, exemplified by structures like Qutub Minar.
Trade and Commerce:
Introduction of standardized coinage, including Silver Tanka and Copper Jital, facilitated smoother trade operations.
Military Technology:
Construction of fortified cities and forts, like Tughlaqabad Fort, enhanced defense capabilities and showcased innovations in military engineering.
Intelligence Network:
Sultan Alauddin Khilji established a clandestine intelligence network known as the “Barid-i-Mumlikat.
Impact on Indian Society:
Agrarian Expansion:
Improved irrigation systems contributed to the expansion of agricultural lands, fostering growth in rural communities.
Cultural Syncretism:
Fusion of Indian and Islamic architectural styles and artistic forms promoted cultural syncretism.
Numismatic Identity:
Standardized coinage played a role in establishing a unified numismatic identity across regions.
Military Infrastructure Legacy:
Architectural innovations in military engineering left a lasting legacy of strategic planning and engineering expertise.
Intellectual Growth:
Manuscript production and knowledge dissemination played a crucial role in fostering intellectual growth within society.
Intelligence Heritage:
The establishment of a secret intelligence network laid the foundation for a tradition of espionage and information gathering.
The technological advancements of the Sultanate period had a profound impact on India's culture, economy, and defense, fostering prosperity and resilience and leaving a lasting legacy of innovation and adaptation.
