Guru Tegh Bahadur

Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed the 350th martyrdom year (Shaheedi Samagam) of
Guru Tegh Bahadur, paying tribute to his unparalleled sacrifice. He highlighted Guru Tegh Bahadur’s legacy of bravery, religious tolerance, and social harmony, which continues to inspire India.

Life and Background

Guru Tegh Bahadur was born in 1621 in Amritsar to
Guru Hargobind. He was originally named Tyag Mal due to his spiritual and ascetic nature. From a young age, he received training in both religious scriptures and martial arts.

At the age of 13, his courage in battle earned him the name “Tegh Bahadur,” meaning “Brave of the Sword.” He later spent several years in deep meditation at Bakala. In 1664, he was recognized as the ninth Sikh Guru, an identification confirmed by the trader
Makhan Shah Lubana.

Teachings and Contributions

Guru Tegh Bahadur made significant contributions to Sikhism and society. He founded Chak Nanki, which later became Anandpur Sahib, an important center of Sikh faith.

He travelled extensively across North and East India, spreading spiritual teachings that emphasized:

• Fearlessness (Nirbhau)

• Equality of all human beings

• Devotion to one God

His teachings gained importance during the reign of
Aurangzeb, a time marked by religious intolerance and forced conversions.

When Kashmiri Brahmins faced persecution, Guru Tegh Bahadur courageously stood up to defend their right to religious freedom, thereby upholding the principle of universal human rights.

Martyrdom and Sacrifice

Guru Tegh Bahadur was arrested in Delhi under Mughal orders. He refused to convert to Islam despite severe pressure. In 1675, he was publicly executed at Chandni Chowk, along with his companions.

His sacrifice is regarded as a supreme example of standing for religious liberty and human dignity. His son,
Guru Gobind Singh, later honored him as one who “gave his head but not his faith.”

Legacy

Guru Tegh Bahadur is remembered as “Hind di Chadar” (Protector of India’s conscience and faith). His life symbolizes the ideals of courage, sacrifice, and interfaith harmony. His martyrdom continues to inspire the values of freedom of belief and unity in diversity in India.

Conclusion

The commemoration of the 350th martyrdom year of Guru Tegh Bahadur serves as a reminder of his enduring legacy. His life and sacrifice remain a guiding force for promoting tolerance, justice, and social unity in modern India.