Nidoviruses

In a variety of vertebrates, researchers had identified 40 novel Nidoviruses using artificial intelligence.

About Nidoviruses (notable for their large genomes and complex replication mechanisms)

• They are a large and diverse order of positive-strand RNA viruses (largest RNA genomes among viruses) that infect a wide range of vertebrates and invertebrates, including humans, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, arthropods, mollusks, and helminths

• They are named for the Latin nidus, meaning nest (includes several families of viruses), as all viruses in this order produce a nested set of subgenomic mRNAs during infection

Currently five recognized families within the order Nidovirales:

1. Coronaviridae: Includes viruses such as the common cold viruses, SARS-CoV (which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome), and SARS-CoV-2 (which causes COVID-19).

2. Arteriviridae: Includes viruses that can cause serious diseases in animals, such as porcine reproductive & respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in pigs, equine viral arteritis (EVA) in horses.

3. Roniviridae: includes viruses that infect fish, such as the infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV).

4. Tobaniviridae: Includes viruses that infect plants like the tomato chlorotic dwarf virus (TCDV).

5. Mesoniviridae: includes viruses that infect insects, such as the bee-associated nidovirus (BV).