A rare Red-Headed Vulture was recently sighted at an altitude of approximately 2,650 metres in Munsiyari, Uttarakhand.
The Red-Headed Vulture (Sarcogyps calvus) is an Old World vulture native to South and parts of Southeast Asia. It is also known as the Asian King Vulture, Indian Black Vulture and Pondicherry Vulture.
It is an important scavenger that helps maintain ecological balance by feeding on the carcasses of dead animals.
The Red-Headed Vulture is a dark-coloured, medium-sized vulture distinguished by its bare reddish head and loose flaps of skin on the sides of its neck.
Its distinctive appearance makes it relatively easy to identify among other vulture species.
The species inhabits a variety of landscapes, including open country, cultivated areas, semi-desert regions, deciduous forests, foothills, river valleys and mountainous regions.
Although it is generally associated with lowland and open habitats, it can also occur in mountainous areas, as demonstrated by the recent sighting in Uttarakhand.
The Red-Headed Vulture is primarily distributed across South Asia, with small, separated populations in parts of Southeast Asia.
Its distribution includes India, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. Within India, it has been recorded in regions including Central India, Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
The Red-Headed Vulture is a scavenging bird that feeds mainly on the carcasses of dead animals. It generally locates food by sight.
By consuming carcasses, vultures help remove decaying organic matter and contribute to ecosystem health.
The breeding season of the Red-Headed Vulture typically occurs between November and January.
The Red-Headed Vulture was once widely distributed across India, but its population has declined considerably.
One of the major threats to vultures in the Indian subcontinent has been diclofenac poisoning. Diclofenac, a veterinary anti-inflammatory drug, can cause fatal kidney failure in vultures when they feed on the carcasses of treated livestock.
Other pressures, including habitat changes and reduced food availability, may also affect vulture populations.
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