Prehistoric Rock Paintings in Tamil Nadu

The Tamil Nadu government has planned to declare the entire hillocks of Alampadi, Melvalai, and Sethavarai a protected monument.

• All 3 sites are located in Villupuram district of Tamil Nadu.
• Melvalai – A nondescript village whose paintings dates back to 3000 B.C. and majority of etchings was in red ochre.

The word, Rattapparai, has become synonymous with the rock art painted in red ochre.

• There are 4 sets of paintings that includes human figurines, animals, and symbols.
• 1^st set – There are 3 persons, with a man mounted on a horse; another is pulling the horse with a rope fastened to the animal, while the 3^rd man is depicted with hands stretched, welcoming others.
• 4^th set – 6 men standing and a few others with hands stretched out.
• Link with IVC – Painting depicting a group of men rowing a boat, indicates a link between the Indus Valley and the southern region.

• Challenges – There have been instances of unregulated entry of people and they also face threats from quarrying and vandalism.
• Measures – Tamil Nadu Ancient and Historical Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1966 and Tamil Nadu Ancient and Historical Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Rules, 1971.